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Directed Reading Chapter 10 section 1: Weathering

Circle the letter of the best answer for each question.

1.What is the process by which rocks are broken down physically or chemically called?

a. abrasion b. frost action c. weathering d. .ice wedging

mechanical weathering

2.What is it called when rocks are broken into smaller pieces by physical means?

a. mechanical weathering b. oxidationc. habitation d. acid precipitation

3.Which of the following is an agent of mechanical weathering?

a. air b. oxidationc. weak acidsd. gravity

Ice

4.What is the alternate freezing and thawing of soil and rock called?

a. frost action b. ice weatheringc. abrasion d. chemical weathering

5. What type of frost action occurs when a crack in a rock widens from the freezing and thawing of water?

a. chemical weathering b. ice wedgingc. oxidationd. abrasion

Abrasion

6.What is the grinding and wearing away of rock by other rocks or sand called?

a. precipitation b. chemical weatheringc. abrasiond. oxidation

Wind, Water, and Gravity

7.What causes abrasions of rocks and pebbles in fast-flowing streams?

a. gravity b. waterc. acid precipitationd. wind

8. What causes abrasion when one rock falls off a mountainside onto another rock?

a. gravity b. waterc. acid precipitationd. wind

Plants

9. Which is an example of a plant causing mechanical weathering of arock?

a. acid from lichen breaking down a rock c. a tree root causing a rock to crack

b. gophers burrowing in the ground d. rocks washing away in a rain storm

Animals

10.How can animals that live in soil cause mechanical weathering?

a. by causing oxidation b. drinking waterc. by eating plantsd. by burrowing

Chemical weathering

11.What is it called when rocks break down due to chemical reactions?

a. ice wedging b. mechanical weatheringc. burrowing d. chemical weathering

12. Which of the following is a common agent of chemical weathering?

a. wind b. weak acidsc. gravityd. ice

Water

13. What kind of weathering takes place when a sugar cube dissolves in water?

a. differential weathering c.mechanical weathering

b. chemical weathering d.desertification

Acid Precipitation

14. What is rain, sleet, or snow that contains a lot of acid called?

a. chemical weathering b. acidityc. acid precipitation d. fossil fuel

15. Which of the following can cause acid precipitation?

a. burning fossil fuels b. rusting ironc. burrowing animals d. falling rocks

Acids in Groundwater

16.What can result from acids in groundwater coming into contact with limestone?

a. lichens b. karst featuresc. oxidationd. acid precipitation

Acids in Living Things

17.What kind of organisms produce acids that slowly break down the rocks they live on?

a. ferns b. lichensc. orchidsd. wasps

Air

18.When oxygen in the air reacts with iron, what substance is formed?

a. abrasion b. mechanical weatheringc. acid precipitationd. rust

19.What is it called when an element combines with oxygen to form an oxide?

a. abrasion b. mechanical weatheringc. acid precipitationd. oxidation

Directed Reading B continued

Directed Reading B continued

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

Holt Science and Technology1Weathering and Soil Formation