Chapter 14 Study Guide

Reformations and Religious Wars, 1500-1600

Identify and explain the significance of the following people and term.

  1. Anticlericalism
  2. Pluralism
  3. Martin Luther
  4. Pope Leo X
  5. John Tetzel
  6. Indulgence
  7. Penance
  8. Purgatory
  9. Diet of Worms
  10. Protestant
  11. Ulrich Zwingli
  12. “priesthood of all believers”
  13. transubstantiation
  14. Charles V

15.  Peace of Augsburg

  1. Thomas Cromwell
  2. Archbishop Cranmer
  3. Henry VIII
  4. Mary Tudor
  5. John Calvin
  6. predestination
  7. Geneva
  8. John Knox
  9. Pope Paul III
  10. Inquisition
  11. Ignatius Loyola
  12. Jesuits
  13. Teresa of Avila
  14. Habsburg-Valois Wars
  15. Huguenots
  16. iconoclasm
  17. Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
  18. Politiques
  19. Henry of Navarre (aka Henry IV of France)

35.  Edict of Nantes

  1. Philip II

37.  Union of Utrecht

  1. William the Silent
  2. Misogyny

Explain the subject matter and historical significance of the following works

1.  Of Praise of Folly

2.  Appeal to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

3.  Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of the Peasants

4.  Book of Common Prayer

5.  The Institutes of the Christian Religion

6.  Index of Prohibited Books

Answer the following questions:

1.  What were some of the signs (3) of disorder within the early sixteenth-century church? Provide examples of each. What impact did church wealth have on the condition of the church?

2.  Describe the practice of indulgence selling. What authority did Luther question and on what argument was his religion based?

3.  According the text, Luther did not ask new questions but offered new answers to old questions. What were these questions, and what were Luther’s answers?

4.  Discuss the political, social and economic consequences of the Reformation.

5.  What was the appeal of Protestant Ideas?

6.  How did the Reformation affect women?

7.  In what ways were the Anabaptists radical for their time? Why did many of their beliefs cause them to be bitterly persecuted?

8.  What were the causes and results of the English Reformation?

9.  What was the Elizabethan Settlement?

10.  Why was Calvin’s Geneva called “the city that was a church”? What is a theocracy?

11.  How did the Reformation affect Eastern Europe?

12.  What were the achievements of the Council of Trent?

13.  What were the goals and methods of Ursuline order and the Society of Jesus?

14.  What was the Inquisition? How extensive was its power?

15.  Charles V has been considered a medieval emperor. In what respects is this true? What were the origins of his empire?

16.  What caused the European Witch-Hunt? What led to its gradual end?

Map Activity: Use Map 14.1 and 14.2

1.  Mark the boundary of the Holy Roman Empire, the territory under the control of Charles V.

2.  Shade the geographic distribution of Lutheran, Calvinist (Reformed), Church of England, and Roman Catholic.