Plants Flip Folder
1. Plant Organs
a. Roots, taproots, lateral roots
b. Root modifications
c. Stems, axillary buds, apical buds
d. Stem Modifications
e. Leaves, blade, petiole, stalk; simple vs. compound
f. Leaf modifications
2. Plant Tissues and cells
a. Dermal tissue, epidermis, cuticle, periderm
b. Vascular tissue, xylem, phloem, stele
c. Ground tissue, pith, cortex
d. P(photocynthesis)arenchyma, colenchyma, s(stem)chlerenchyma
e. Xylem
f. Phloem, sieve plates
3. Meristems
a. Indeterminate, determinate growth
b. Annuals, biennials, perennials
c. Apical meristems
d. Primary vs. secondary growth
e. Vascular cambium vs. cork cambium
4. Primary Growth
a. Root cap
b. Leaf primordial
c. Stomata, guard cells, mesophyll
5. Secondary Growth
a. Vascular cambium growth
b. Cork cambium growth, bark, dendrochronology
6. Resource acquisition
a. Above ground, phyllotaxy,
b. leaf area index
c. mychorrhizae
7. Transport
a. Transport proteins, membrane potential
b. Osmosis
c. Water potential, plasmolysis, flaccid, turgid, aquaporins, plasmodesmata
d. Apoplast vs. symplast
e. Bulk flow
8. Water and mineral transport
a. Endodermis
b. Nutrient filtering and the casparian strip
c. Xylem sap, root pressure
d. TRANSPIRATIONAL PULL
e. STOMATA and TRANSPIRATION
f. xerophytes
9. Sugar transport
a. Phloem Sap
b. Sugar Sink
c. Sugar source
10. Soil
a. Humus
b. Topsoil
c. Soil horizons
d. loams
11. Essential Plant Nutrients
a. Macronutrients
b. micronutrients
12. Plant Symbiosis
a. Rhizobacteria
b. Nitrogen cycle and N-Fixing bacteria
c. Ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mychorrhizae
d. Epiphytes, parasitic plants, and carnivorous plants
13. Angiosperm Life Cycle
a. Female and male gametophytes
b. Flower anatomy
c. Complete flowers vs incomplete flowers
d. Pollen, pollen tube
e. Embryo sac
14. Flower Pollination
a. Wind, bees, butterflies, birds, flies, and bats
b. Double fertilization, endosperm
15. Seeds
a. Seed anatomy, diagram
b. Cotyledons, seed coat
c. Seed germination, describe the germination of a garden bean
16. Fruit Development
a. Define fruit
b. Simple, aggregate, multiple, and accessory fruits
c. Fruit and seed dispersal
17. Plant Biotechnology
a. Golden rice
b. grafting
18. Monocots vs. Dicots
a. Definitions
b. Traits that define each
19. Plant Hormones
a. AUXINS, cytokinins, GIBBERELINS, Brassinosteroids, ABSCISIC ACID, ETHYLENE
b. Describe what each does for a plant
20. Response to Light
a. Photoreceptors and phytochromes
b. PHOTOPERIODISM and control of plant life cycles
21. Response to herbivores
a. Hypersensitive response
b. System acquired resistance
c. Salicylic acid