Chapter 6 Ancient Greece
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Key Concepts
____1.The geography of ancient Greece made it hard for communities
a. / to unify.b. / to worship different gods.
c. / to fight with each other.
d. / to speak different languages.
____2.Geographers study how people
a. / and Earth affect each other.b. / learn.
c. / interact with each other.
d. / and animals communicate.
____3.What do geographers learn by studying the theme of human-environment interaction?
a. / how people move from one region to anotherb. / how people and the environment affect each other
c. / how cultural features define a location
d. / how regions differ from each other
____4.How did the ancient Egyptians demonstrate their belief in life after death?
a. / They did not think the bodies of the dead should be preserved.b. / They preserved the bodies of their dead.
c. / They believed in only one god.
d. / They became famous warriors.
____5.The Egyptian pharaohs ruled with absolute power over
a. / only priests.b. / only slaves.
c. / all Egyptians.
d. / all the people in Africa.
____6.Distortion in a map may change the shape of
a. / some landmasses.b. / a globe.
c. / the Equator.
d. / the Prime Meridian.
____7.The collapse of the Greek civilization during the Dark Ages increased
a. / farming.b. / foreign trading.
c. / poverty.
d. / income levels.
____8.While the Acropolis was the center of Athens’ religious life, the Agora was the center of
a. / military life.b. / public life.
c. / private life.
d. / government.
____9.Geographers are able to pinpoint the location of a place from east to west by using
a. / the Equator.b. / latitude lines.
c. / parallel lines.
d. / longitude lines.
____10.Which pair of basic questions guides geographers in their work?
a. / When did Earth form? What is it made of?b. / Who lived where? When did they move?
c. / What is the climate? Why has it changed?
d. / Where are things located? Why are they there?
____11.To keep track of the kingdom’s growing wealth, ancient Egyptians began to
a. / tax the farmers.b. / publish a list of the pharaohs possessions each year.
c. / use cuneiform.
d. / use hieroglyphs.
____12.To learn more about Earth, geographers organize information according to what themes?
a. / region, population, and placeb. / location, regions, place, movement, and human-environment interaction
c. / location, population, and longitude
d. / latitude, longitude, and movement
____13.Most Greeks believed their gods
a. / were moral beings.b. / rule different areas of human life.
c. / were kind and understanding.
d. / were weak and ineffective
____14.Under the leadership of Alexander the Great, Greece
a. / formed three main kingdoms.b. / expanded its empire.
c. / was conquered by Persia.
d. / destroyed Alexandria.
____15.Buddha taught that the cure for human suffering was to
a. / give up selfish desires.b. / gain wealth through hard work.
c. / exercise and eat healthy food.
d. / worship many gods.
____16.Ancient Egyptian astronomers studied the stars to
a. / create new medicines from plants.b. / appoint the next pharaoh.
c. / create a new writing system.
d. / predict the flooding of the NileRiver.
____17.What are two important rivers that start in the Himalaya Mountains?
a. / the Indus and the Gangesb. / the Indus and the Arabian
c. / the Nile and the Tigris
d. / the Tigris and the Euphrates
____18.Unlike most early Greeks, philosophers believed that the gods were
a. / the key to understanding natural events.b. / not the source of everything.
c. / in control of natural events.
d. / the source of everything.
____19.Some scholars believe that in ancient Athens, one third of all people were
a. / slaves.b. / children.
c. / teachers.
d. / artists.
____20.Why do flat maps distort shapes of landmasses?
a. / No one is sure where the Equator really is.b. / Earth is round, not flat.
c. / Landmasses are always shifting.
d. / The paper shrinks with time.
____21.Which of the following statements explains why there are always distortions in a map?
a. / Maps are too small to hold enough information.b. / Maps are flat and Earth is round.
c. / Mountains or plains don’t show up on a map.
d. / Small towns are hard to represent on a map.
____22.Babylon became an important center of trade because it was
a. / located between cities to the south and north.b. / the site of a great library.
c. / ruled by a powerful queen.
d. / surrounded by massive walls.
____23.Citizens of Athens during the Golden Age saw
a. / many rebellions.b. / buildings destroyed.
c. / democracy flourish.
d. / the arts decline.
____24.In Greek mythology, there were
a. / both human and animal gods.b. / many dragons.
c. / 12 great gods, led by Zeus.
d. / no goddesses.
____25.One important event that took place during the Dark Ages of Greece was
a. / the disappearance of writing.b. / the destruction of all farmland.
c. / an increase in foreign trade.
d. / the disappearance of oral traditions.
____26.Because ancient Egyptian civilization was located on the banks of the Nile River, Egypt had
a. / no farmlandb. / hardly any farmland
c. / poor farmland
d. / rich farmland
____27.What themes do geographers use to organize information?
a. / climate and occupationb. / location, regions, place, movement, and human-environment interaction
c. / population and transportation
d. / population and size of cities
____28.The most accurate way to show Earth’s continents and bodies of water is with a(n)
a. / globe.b. / equal-area map.
c. / Robinson projection.
d. / Mercator projection.
____29.During the Golden Age of Greece, Athenians made great achievements
a. / in flood control.b. / in farming technology.
c. / in tomb building.
d. / in the arts.
____30.Where would you look to find out how distances on a map compare to the actual distances on land?
a. / the compass roseb. / the title
c. / the key
d. / the scale bar
____31.After the end of the Peloponnesian War, Athens was
a. / faced with a plague that killed many citizens.b. / never again a leader in the Greek world.
c. / a place where the arts again flourished.
d. / able to control Sparta’s harbor.
____32.A globe is more accurate than a map because a globe can show
a. / the true shapes of continents and oceans.b. / city streets.
c. / a particular region in great detail.
d. / a distorted view of Earth.
____33.Unlike Athens, in ancient Sparta the government concentrated all its resources on creating
a. / a pleasurable lifestyle.b. / brave and skillful warriors.
c. / famous artisans.
d. / successful merchants
____34.The Phoenician alphabet made it easier for people in the ancient world to
a. / learn to read and write.b. / teach cuneiform.
c. / learn cuneiform.
d. / hire scribes.
____35.Through their study of Earth, geographers learn how Earth and its people affect
a. / each other.b. / the solar system.
c. / human health.
d. / political systems.
____36.Latitude and longitude lines help geographers identify
a. / absolute location.b. / the heights of mountains.
c. / Earth’s distance from the sun.
d. / the depths of oceans.
____37.Which of the following was the first written set of laws?
a. / the Ziggurat of Urb. / the Epic of Gilgamesh
c. / the Ten Commandments
d. / Hammurabi’s Code
____38.Which of the following things would geographers be most likely to study?
a. / the moonb. / the planets
c. / chemicals and chemical reactions
d. / landforms and their locations
____39.Because of the geography of ancient Greece, the Greek communities developed
a. / new ways of hunting and gathering.b. / one central government.
c. / close ties with each other.
d. / separate customs and beliefs.
____40.Flat maps were invented because it was impossible to make a globe that was
a. / strong enough to last.b. / complete enough to use and convenient enough to carry.
c. / pretty enough for people to want.
d. / big enough to fit the oceans on.
____41.What is the best way to find out the subject of a map?
a. / Study the compass rose.b. / Find the map key.
c. / Read the title.
d. / Study the scale.
____42.India’s mountains and surrounding water influenced its development
a. / by providing contact with Asian lands.b. / by limiting contact between the subcontinent and the world.
c. / by providing unlimited contact with countries to the east and west.
d. / by encouraging invasions by other civilizations.
____43.Some scholars believe that about one third of the Athenian population worked as
a. / soldiers.b. / merchants.
c. / philosophers.
d. / slaves.
____44.The laws introduced by the Athenian leader Solon helped the city become
a. / a leading democracy.b. / a free city with no slaves.
c. / an empire that extended to Egypt.
d. / an empire that extended to China.
____45.During the Hellenistic period, there were important achievements in
a. / warfare and government.b. / writing and printing.
c. / tragedy and comedy.
d. / mathematics and science.
____46.Geographers study regions so that they can
a. / get people to move there.b. / understand folk music.
c. / change the cultures.
d. / make comparisons between areas.
____47.The goal of Greek art was
a. / to present fantastic images of people and events.b. / to destroy the art of other peoples.
c. / to teach the principles of Greek philosophy.
d. / to present images of human perfection.
True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
____48.Only men and women with Athenian mothers
and fathers could be citizens of Athens.
____49.Alexander the Great never lost a battle.
____50.In ancient Greece, private homes were
elaborate and ornate.
____51.During Greece’s Dark Ages, people were so
concerned with survival that they forgot the
practice of writing.
____52.Plains make up the major landforms of Greece.
____53.After Alexander died, his kingdom immediately
fell also.
____54.Buyers and vendors in the public markets of
Athens often haggled, or bargained, for the best
prices.
____55.Vendors lined the streets of Athens selling goods.
____56.Athens was an unimportant Greek city.
____57.Historians estimate that nearly one third of the
Athenian population were slaves.
____58.Athens had a mild climate.
____59.The Iliad and the Odyssey are two epics about
the Trojan War and subsequent events.
____60.When Alexander took control of lands, he
destroyed their culture.
____61.Athenian men were responsible for keeping
track of family finances.
____62.About 100,000 people in Greece, lived in slavery.
____63.Women in Athens could not vote or take part in
politics.
____64.Alexandria became the capital of Egypt and
grew famous as a center for business and
trade.
____65.Most ancient Athenians ate very little meat.
____66.No part of Greece is very far from the sea.
____67.In Hellenistic times, many scholars believed
Earth was round.
____68.The agora was the center of religious life in Athens.
____69.Alexander’s tutor was the philosopher Aristotle.
____70.Each Greek community developed its own
customs and beliefs.
Matching
KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / peninsula / f. / assassinateb. / agora / g. / acropolis
c. / barbarian / h. / Hellenistic
d. / city-state / i. / plague
e. / democracy
____71.an area of land nearly surrounded by water and connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land.
____72.a widespread disease
____73.a form of government in which citizens govern themselves
____74.a fortified hill of an ancient GreekCity
____75.a public market and meeting place in ancient Greece
Key Terms
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. / artisan / f. / papyrusb. / astronomer / g. / pharaoh
c. / cataract / h. / pyramid
d. / dynasty / i. / regent
e. / hieroglyph / j. / silt
____76.Egyptians used reeds to make an early form of paper called ____.
____77.A series of rulers from the same family is called a(n) ____.
____78.A strong flood or a rush of water is called a(n) ____.
____79.A powerful Egyptian ruler was called a(n) ____.
____80.An Egyptian ruler was often buried in a triangular shaped building called a(n) ____.
Key Terms
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / ahimsa / f. / missionaryb. / caste / g. / monsoon
c. / citadel / h. / nirvana
d. / dharma / i. / reincarnation
e. / meditate / j. / subcontinent
____81.a person who spreads his or her religious beliefs to others
____82.a large landmass that juts out from a continent
____83.to focus the mind inward
____84.a lasting peace that Buddhists seek
____85.a strong wind that blows across East Asia at certain times of year
KEY TERMS
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. / acropolis / f. / peninsulab. / city-state / g. / blockade
c. / philosopher / h. / aristocrat
d. / tribute / i. / democracy
e. / Hellenistic
____86.In part, Athens became rich because of the ____ paid by other cities.
____87.Ships may surround and close, or ____, a harbor in order to defeat an enemy.
____88.In ancient Greece, a(n) ____ was a person who used reason to understand natural events.
____89.A member of a rich and powerful ruling family is called a(n) ____.
____90.After Alexander’s death, his empire broke up into three ____ kingdoms.
Key Terms
Fill in the blank by writing the letter of the correct term below.
a. / cardinal direction / e. / latitudeb. / degree / f. / meridian
c. / geography / g. / projection
d. / globe
____91.The study of Earth is called ____.
____92.A representation of Earth’s rounded surface on a flat surface is called a ____.
____93.Geographers use east-west circles, or lines of ____ to describe location.
____94.A ____ is a line of longitude.
____95.North, south, east, and west are each a ____.
Key Terms
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / compass rose / e. / keyb. / distortion / f. / longitude
c. / Equator / g. / parallel
d. / geography / h. / projection
____96.a type of imaginary line that circles the globe from north to south
____97.a change in the accuracy of shapes and distances
____98.a map feature that shows the four cardinal directions
____99.the section of a map that explains symbols for the map features
____100.the study of Earth