Era of Good Feelings

“Era of Good Feelings”

Period 4: 1800-1848

Do Now:

•  Why did feelings of nationalism emerge after the War of 1812? ______

James Monroe:

•  1816 Election: Won in wake of War of 1812, served 2 terms (1817-1825)

•  Inaugurated an “______”

•  Suggests nationalism, optimism, and goodwill but…

•  ______

•  Visited every state in the nation- personable demeanor made him extremely popular

•  Hoped to preside over the decline of political parties

•  Cabinet:

•  ______

•  John Quincy Adams (Sec. of State)

•  John C. Calhoun (Sec. of War)

•  Often ______

Cultural Nationalism:

•  Patriotic (feeling of responsibility & pride in nation no matter what it does) themes were infused into aspects of American society

•  Painting: ______

•  everyday life, common people, landscape, natural world

•  Thomas Cole, Frederick Church

•  Literature:

•  People eager to read works of American writers

•  James Fenimore Cooper, ______

- ______named after his family!

•  Washington Irving, ______

- ______named after him!

•  Nathaniel Hawthorne, ______

•  Herman Melville, ______

Economic Nationalism:

•  Political movement to support growth of nation’s economy

•  Tariff protection for U.S. industry after War of 1812

•  Manufacturing increased during war to replace products no longer sold by Britain

•  Post-war, Britain dumped cheap goods in American markets to ruin American manufacturing

•  ______: first protective tariff passed to shield “infant industries” (______%!)

•  ______, not revenue

•  Southerners actually ______the tariff & felt it would aid development of manufacturing in the South to rival New England’s

•  Henry Clay’s “______”- plan to advance nation’s economic growth

•  ______- benefit the East, promote manufacturing, raise revenue to build transportation systems

•  ______(charter for first National Bank expired in 1811)- to provide national currency, pay government debt, open branches, grant loans, à aid in economic growth of all sections of nation

•  ______- roads & canals would promote growth in West and South

•  Protective tariff passed under Madison in ______

•  Congress chartered the ______in 1816

•  Both Madison and Monroe ______, b/c Constitution did not provide for federal spending on roads and canals

•  Monroe vetoed acts to fund improvements

•  Individual states left to improve on their own

Panic of 1819:

•  BUS did not regulate issuance of paper money

•  ______

•  Land speculation

•  ______& those who invested in western real estate lost millions

•  ______

•  Europeans did not buy as much

•  Repayment of loans

•  ______

•  Farmers & businessmen could not repay loans

à Many ______

à Western debtors ______

à Increased division between wealthy & poor

Wrap Up:

•  Henry Clay was proud of his economic plan. In a speech in Cincinnati in 1830, he declared:

“That system has had a wonderful success. It has more than realized all the hopes of its founders. It has completely falsified all the predictions of its opponents. It has increased the wealth, and power, and population of the nation. It has diminished the price of articles of consumption and has placed them within the reach of a far greater number of our people than could have found means to command them if they had been manufactured abroad instead of at home.”

Questions:

•  Was Clay’s “American System” successful? Explain.

•  Do you agree this was an national “Era of Good Feelings”? Explain.