AP World History 10

Chapter 17-20 Review Sheet

Ch. 17

  1. The term Columbian Exchange refers to
  1. Death rates among Amerindian peoples during the epidemics of the early colonial period
  1. What was the most deadly of the epidemic in the Americas?
  1. What impact did the horse have on the Americas?
  1. The most important agent for transmitting European beliefs, languages, and culture in Spanish America and Brazil was the
  1. The most influential defender of Amerindians in the early colonial period was
  1. An ecomienda was
  1. Seventeenth-century sugar plantations of Brazil depended on
  1. In Brazil, the economic importance of Amerindian slaves was eventually superseded by
  1. American-born Spanish whites were called
  1. Ways that slaves expressed their resistance to the colonial masters in Latin America
  1. Slaves could be manumitted by
  1. How did the English and French American colonies differ from the Spanish and Portuguese American colonies?
  1. The early English effort to found a colony in the Americas produced
  1. In Virginia, colonial government consisted of a governor, his council, and representatives known as the
  1. Ways that the Amerindian population reacted to the colonial economy
  1. The largest slave revolt took place in 1739 in South Carolina was called
  1. The two groups of Protestant dissenters that colonized New England were
  1. Ways that Massachusetts colonies were different from the Chesapeake and South Carolina colonies
  1. The Puritans
  1. The French settlement in America resembled Spanish and Portuguese colonies in that they both wanted to
  1. In French Canada, Jesuits efforts to convert the native people to Christianity led to the
  1. The French and Indian War resulted in

Ch. 18

  1. Although tobacco was a New World plant long used by Amerindians,
  1. In order to make tobacco trade profitable, European governments used charted companies,
  1. The expansion of sugar plantations in the West Indies required
  1. The cultivation and production of sugar can best be described as
  1. By-products of sugar manufacture were
  1. Environmental damage to sugar plantations was caused by
  1. In the eighteenth century, West Indian plantations were controlled by a plantocracy,
  1. Men outnumbered women on Caribbean plantations because
  1. “Drivers” were typically
  1. Plantation slaves were motivated to work hard
  1. The greatest stock market of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was the
  1. To reduce the risks of overseas trading, companies
  1. Mercantilism is
  1. The English Navigation Acts in the 1660’s were meant to
  1. The “clockwise” network of trade in the Atlantic was the
  1. Why was mortality on Atlantic slave ships high?
  1. Africans trading slaves with European most often preferred to receive in return
  1. Most slaves taken from Africa were
  1. In the eighteenth century, what was the major source of slaves in the interior of the Bight of Biafra?
  1. Generally, the Atlantic African slave trade was based on a partnership between
  1. Household slaves in the Islamic world mostly consisted of
  1. Both Muslims and Europeans obt5ained slaves from sub-Saharan Africa but
  1. Which of the following is true regarding the Atlantic trade?
  1. What impact did European colonization of the Americas have on the environment and peoples of the Americas?

Ch. 19

48.In 1453, the Ottoman armies attacked Constantinople and brought an end to

49.Which Italian city-state became a commercial rival and military foe of the Ottoman Empire?

50.A new fourteenth-century Ottoman military resource was Christian prisoners of war, called

51.The devshirmesystem involved

52.The askeri class in the Ottoman Empire was the

53.The chief source of Ottoman inflation in the sixteenth century was

54.Tax farming is

55.A significant transition in the Janissaries occurred after the uprisings because they:

56.What new product traded from the Arabian port of Mocha became the rage in the fifteenth century?

57.The rising status of Janissaries in the Ottoman Empire led to a refinement of their role in society. Status gains included

58.How did the PatronaHalil rebellion show "decay at the center" yet spell "benefit elsewhere"?

59.The Ottomans' chief rival in Iran was the

60.One difference between the Ottoman and Iranian states was that the Iranian state was based on

61.Islamic law

62.Although European accounts discussed the custom of women wearing veils,

63.In the Muslim world,

64.A woman seen in public in the Muslim world would most likely have been

65.Factor in the decline of Safavid rule

66.The Mughal Empire is distinguished from the Ottomans and Safavids mostly because it was

67.Mughal is Persian for

68.Akbar's policy of religious reconciliation between Muslims and Hindus

69.Among Akbar's cultural accomplishments that did not survive him was

70.Nadir Shah's sack of Delhi is symbolized by what act?

71.Why did the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires decline simultaneously?

72.Extensive Islamic expansion into East Africa and Southeast Asia occurred

73.One of the most significant stimuli for European expansion into Southeast Asia in the seventeenth century was

74.What European country conquered the East African port cities?

75.The Dutch fought a series of wars against Acheh and other local kingdoms from their capital city of

Ch. 20

76.In 1592, after years of civil war, Hideyoshi

77.The group within the Tokugawa era that weakened centralized economic policies was the

78.The Japanese response to the Society of Jesus or the Jesuits was

79. In the 1630s the Japanese government

80.Reasons for Tokugawa Japan's instability

81.European visitors to Ming China in the sixteenth century were

82.Which empire replaced the Ming Empire of China?

83.Although European enthusiasm for Chinese trade was high,

84.Merchants from which country were the first to arrive in East Asia?

85.The VOC (Dutch East India Company) representatives gained the favor of the Chinese emperor by

86.What European organization was a transmitter of science and technology to China?

87.Who was Matteo Ricci?

88.Why did the Jesuits succeed more than other Christianizing organizations in China?

89.To gain converts, the Jesuits made what compromise?

90.During the Qing Empire, what new item(s) or idea(s) did Europegain from China?

91.Under the Qing, Europeans were permitted to trade only at

92.Among the cross-cultural intellectual exchanges between China and Europe, variolation was

93.What problem did the British face with China's "Canton system"?

94.Population growth in China in the 1700s led to

95.The motivation for Russian expansion to the east was

96.Why was Siberia seen as a good avenue for expansion?

97.The nobility in Russia were known as the ____.

98.How did the growth of a centralized Russian Empire affect the peasants?

99.According to the Russian census of 1795, over half the population were

100.The greatest Romanov tsar was

101.One result of the "Great Northern War" was

102.Peter's main goal in building up Russia was:

103.The new city that was to be Russia's "window on the West" was

104.Why did Peter the Great attempt to Westernize Russia?

105.Which of the following statements about China and Russia is not true?

106.Catherine the Great used three successive partitions of which area to expand Russia's borders to the West?