Health Notes

Ch 18

Lesson 2 Male Reproductive System

______- the system of organs involved in producing offspring

Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System:

*Includes both external and internal organs*

·  Two Main Functions:

o  Production and Storage of ______

§  Sperm- the male reproductive cells

o  Transfer of sperm to the female’s body during sexual intercourse

1.  The male reproductive system usually reaches maturity during the ages of ____ and ______

  1. At that time hormones produced in the pituitary gland stimulate the production of testosterone
  2. ______- male sex hormone
  3. Initiates physical changes that signal maturity
  4. Broadening of the ______
  5. Development of muscles
  6. ______and other body hair
  7. Deepening of the ______
  8. Also ______production of sperm

2.  External Male Reproductive Organs

  1. ______also called testicles
  2. Two small glands that produce sperm
  3. Secrete testosterone
  4. Scrotum
  5. External skin sac which holds the testes
  6. ______
  7. Tube-shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes
  8. Composed of ______tissue that contains many blood vessels
  9. When blood flow to the penis increases it becomes enlarged and ______(an erection)
  10. An erection is a normal body function that can easily and frequently occur during ______
  11. Semen
  12. A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system released by the penis
  13. At the height of sexual arousal, a series of muscular contractions known as ejaculation may occur

3.  ______- joining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell

  1. Can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse

*Sperm can not live in temperatures higher than the normal body temperature.

-the scrotum protects sperm by keeping the testes slightly below normal body

temp

-When body temp rises, muscles attached to the scrotum ______,

causing the testes to lower away from the body

-When temp drops, muscles ______and pull testes closer to the body for

warmth

_Tight clothing that holds the testes too close to body may ______with

sperm production

4.  Internal Male Reproductive Organs

  1. Epididymis
  2. Tubes in each testis join the epididymis, a larger coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored
  3. ______
  4. Tubes that extend from each epididymis to the urethra
  5. ______
  6. As sperm move through the vas deferens, they are combined with a nourishing fluid produced by the seminal vesicles
  7. Prostate Gland and Cowper’s Glands
  8. Secretions from the prostate gland and Cowper’s glands combine with the sperm-containing fluid to form semen

5.  Care of the Male Reproductive System

  1. Get regular checkups-have regular checkups by a physician every 12 to 18 months
  2. ______regularly-bathe daily, thoroughly cleansing the penis and scrotum
  3. Wear protective equipment- use a protective cup or supporter during physical activities to shield external organs
  4. Perform regular self-examinations-check the scrotum and testicles for signs of cancer. Report any change to a physician.
  5. Practice ______- abstain from sexual activity before marriage to avoid contracting STD’s

6.  Problems of the Male Reproductive System

  1. Inguinal ______
  2. Separation of tissue that allows part of the intestine to push into the abdominal wall near the top of the scrotum
  3. Straining the abdominal muscle or lifting heavy objects can cause a tear in this tissue
  4. Symptoms: lump in the groin near the thigh, pain in the groin, partial or complete blockage of the intestine
  5. Surgery is usually necessary to repair the opening in the muscle wall
  6. Sterility
  7. Inability to ______
  8. Can result from: too few ______, or sperm of poor ______, environmental hazards, exposure to Xrays, hormonal imbalance, medications, and some diseases
  9. Testicular ______
  10. Can affect males of any age, but occurs most often in males between the ages of ____ to _____
  11. Increased risk with the following: undescended testicle, abnormal testicular development, and family history of testicular cancer
  12. Monthly testicular self-exams are recommended; seek health care if they notice any warning signs such as painless lump or swelling in either testicle or pain or discomfort in a testicle or in the scrotum
  13. With early detection most testicular cancer is treatable
  14. Prostate Gland Problems
  15. Prostate can become ______as a result of an infection, tumor, and age-related problems
  16. An enlarged prostate presses against the ______, resulting in frequent or difficult urination
  17. Prostate cancer screening is usually done during routine physical exams for males over age _____