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Chapter 23 – Section 4
The War at Home
Male Narrator: All America’s competitiveness, all her genius for publicity were channeled into the war effort. The first war loan was over subscribed by 50 percent. Anti-German feeling ran riot, Wagner's music was banned. Dachshunds were stoned. Sauerkraut was rechristened Liberty Cabbage and Potsdam, Missouri hurriedly changed its name to Pershing. Newspapers, magazines and posters provided constant fuel for the nation’s passion. Even in a prayer before the House of Representatives, Germany was remembered.
Male Speaker: Thou knowest O lord that no nation so infamous, vile, greedy, sensuous, bloodthirsty ever disgraced the pages of history.
Narrator: All over the country young men swarmed into recruiting centers. But with memories of the breakdown of volunteering in the civil war the government rushed through a conscription bill; every male between 21 and 30 had to register for military service. Only 4 percent of the 10 million available failed to do so. 680,000 were selected by ballet for the first draft; the most America could possibly equip and train at once.American womanhood, determined not to miss this opportunity of proving itself equal in a man’s world, joined the war effort with equal fervor.
The task, which faced America, was tremendous.President Wilson said, “It is not an army that we must shape and train for war it is a nation.”
American industry was heavily committed to supplying the allies now the secretary for war needed it to arm and supply her own soldiers.
Male Speaker: War is no longer, Samson with his shield and spear and sword and David with his sling, it is the conflict of smoke stacks now, the combat of the driving wheel and engine.
Narrator: The government called in the great business tycoons, Bernard Barook, was placed in charge of coordinating all the nation’s resources. All private shipping was commandeered; new shipyards were built for the enormous task of transporting and supplying an army across 3000 miles of ocean. Agriculture and food conservation were tirelessly organized and publicized. Life magazine urged its readers: “Do not permit your child to take a bite or two from an apple and throw the rest away, nowadays even children must be taught to be patriotic to the core.”
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