What Is the Chief End of Man

LATE 1800s

"What is the chief end of man?--to get rich. In what way?—dishonestly if we can;

Honestly if we must."-- Mark Twain-1871

URBANIZATION: Growth of ______
1. Became home to ______
2. Tenements: apartment homes where most immigrants lived
3. Cities were :
CORRUPTION IN GOVERNMENT
1. Corrupt means: ______
2. Federal Scandal: Credit Mobilier—
3. Corruption at the City Level—GRAFT
· Boss Tweed:
· Thomas Nast:
CAPITALISM: is an economic system the supports free ______or privately owned business
1. Laissez Faire: “allow ______”; businesses were allowed to do what they wanted because government was not regulating them (______)
2. Monopoly: is an business strategy where one company______
• Ends ______
• Allows 1 company to Control______
3. Social Darwinism: Charles Darwin’s theory of ______: only the ______will survive
4. Robber Baron
5. Captain of Industry
IMMIGRATION
1. Old Immigrants: came from ______between ______
2. New Immigrants: came from ______between ______
3. Chinese Exclusion Act:
4. Melting Pot
· Assimilation
5. Ellis Island: point of entry for immigrants from ______
6. Angel Island: point of entry for immigrants from ______
INDUSTRIALIZATION & WORKING CONDTIONS UNIONS
1. Mass Production & Assembly Line
2. Working conditions:
3. AFofL (American Federation of Labor):
· Labor union whose membership was made up of: ______
· ______was leader
· Used ______as strategy
· Fought for ______
4. Knights of Labor:
· Labor union whose membership was made up of: ______
· ______was leader
· Used ______as strategy
· Fought for ______
5. Homestead Strike
6. Pullman Strike
· Scabs: people hired to replace ______workers
· Blacklists: lists of ______members; shared by companies to avoid hiring ______members

Introduction to Progressivism

Imagine: The year is 1900. You have always been a “glass is half-empty” kind of person. However, as your New Year’s resolution, you have decided to try to be more optimistic about things. You have decided to make a list of all of the good things in your life, community, state, America and the world. You can’t, however, forget all of the negatives, so while you are making a list of all of the positives, you list beside that everything that is wrong/could improve in the world at that time.

Positive Attributes of Life in the 1900’s / Negative Attributes of Life in the 1900’s

The Progressive Era: Improvements

1900-1920

REFORMS

s Based on what you know about the Gilded Age, describe one situation in America that was in desperate need of REFORM:

The Progressive Ideals:

1. Reform = ______

2. Reform ______in society and ______

3. Protect the ______

4. Restore ______to business

5. Use the ______as tool for social improvement

6. Establish ______for women (______)

7. Ban ______

8. Increase ______equality

Follow the Yellow Brick Road to Prosperity, Health and Happiness

As a class we are going to spend the next few days examining life and politics during the 1900’s. This era in history was plagued with many social, environmental, and political problems that many enlightened individuals sought to reform or change. Many laws and policies in effect today are direct result of the people’s fight during the early 1900’s to improve life and clean up politics. The question one must ask, however, is how much has truly changed???

We are going to create a path that leads to Washington, D.C. where many of the solutions to the problems of the time could be found. How will we accomplish this goal?

You will be assigned topics to research and explore and then fill in graphic organizers with what you have learned. You want to identify the problems that Progressive Reforms fixed.

http://my.hrw.com/ss_2012/mmc/life_in_the_cities/

http://my.hrw.com/ss_2012/mmc/ellis_island/

http://my.hrw.com/ss_2012/mmc/the_progressive_movement/

Women’s Suffrage 1919

141 Die in Factory Fire

Yellowstone Park

Teddy Roosevelt

PROGRESSIVE REFORMS

Determine the problems that the reforms/reformers attempted to fix.

1. MUCKRAKERS: Journalists who expose social and economic evils; inspired reform in society.

a. Lincoln Steffens – Wrote Shame of the Cities – a look into the slums of Philadelphia and the poor living conditions

b. Jacob Riis: Photographed the poor and child workers in his book How the Other Half Lives.

a. Upton Sinclaire

c. Ida Tarbell: Exposed the corrupt business practices

of John D. Rockefeller and Standard oil - inspired government to challenge monopolies and trusts

2. NAACP: The National Association for the

Advancement of Colored Peoples, founded by W.E.B. Dubois to fight against discrimination in society; still exists today

1. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON: African American Leader who believed that blacks should be patient, work blue collar jobs to improve economic status; then equality and

more opportunity will follow. Founded Tuskegee

Institute in Alabama

2. W.E.B. DUBOIS: The first African American to graduate from Harvard; he found the NAACP. He believed blacks deserved their equal rights immediately and should attain

them through increased opportunities in education!

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3. REFERENDUM: State level reform which allows voters to vote directly on a law or particular issue. Pure democracy!

4. 17th AMENDMENT: State level reform; citizens of the U.S. vote directly to elect their own senators. Gave more say in Government to the common person!

5. ROBERT LAFOLETTE: “Fighting Bob”; Senator from Wisconsin who is seen as the father of the Progressive movement. Took on the Political machine and fought for state

reforms such as referendum, recall, and initiative.

6. INITIATIVE: state level reform; allows voters to directly introduce a law for other voters to decide upon. If it is voted upon it is then called a referendum. This is pure democracy!!

7. RECALL: State level reform; allows voters to remove elected officials from office if they’re not performing satisfactorily. Pure democracy!

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8. 18th AMENDMENT: Passed in 1919; prohibited the manufacture, distribution, or sale of alchohol in America. Began the period we know as “Prohibition!” Showed the

progressives were moralistic and often religious in nature.

1. JANE ADDAMS: founded the Hull House in Chicago; a place that provided food and relief to homeless, immigrants, and children and excluded nobody. She is seen and the

founder of Social Work!!

2. 19TH AMENDMENT - Susan B Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton,and Carrie Chapman Catt ensured the passing of the 19th amendment; granted women the right to vote

(Women’s suffrage).

1. MARGARET SANGER: Progressive nurse who began birth control clinics. Eventually this became the organization called Planned Parenthood.

3. PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT: Passed in 1906 this led to the creation of the F.D.A. (Food and Drug Administration.) It was inspired by Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle; was pushed through congress by Theodore Roosevelt’s indirect legislative powers.

4. CONSERVATIONISM: Industrialization & expansion destroyed the environment; President Theodore Roosevelt , John Muir and Gifford Pinchot set aside huge tracts of land

(National Parks and Forests) for protection.

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6. WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION: President Woodrow Wilson’s state reforms; began in New Jersey - Allows workers payment if they suffer a job related injury. Provides a safety net for

workers and encourages owners to improve dangerous conditions

7. 16TH AMENDMENT: Income Tax - allows federal government to tax workers income.

8. CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT: This act passed

under the Wilson administration strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. It made illegal trusts, interlocking directorates and

also allowed workers to strike and boycott as long

as it was peaceful.

•

• UMW Coal Strike—ARBITRATION: 1902 President Theodore Roosevelt settled the coal miners strike by sending it to

Arbitration: a conflict to be decided by an independent party

• Woodrow Wilson—New Freedom: He was the third progressive president

• He passed the Underwood Tariff, Workman’s

Compensation, and the Federal Reserve Act

Theodore Roosevelt—Square Deal

US History Name ______

Gilded/ Progressive

Film Study: Norma Rae

In an Oscar - winning performance, Sally Field is unforgettable as Norma Rae, the Southern millworker who revolutionizes a small town and discovers a power in herself she never knew she had. Under the guidance of a New York unionizer (Ron Leibman) and with increasing courage and determination, Norma Rae organizes her fellow factory workers to fight for better conditions and wages. Based on a true story, Norma Rae is the mesmerizing tale of a modern day heroine. Beau Bridges co-stars.

Watch the film to answer the following questions:

· What is a union?

· What does a union do?

· What challenges did workers who wanted to join a union (unionize) face?

· Why did some workers feel that a union was needed?

Revised 2/7/2012

Compare the policies and perspectives of each of the following presidents during this period in history

Theodore Roosevelt / Woodrow Wilson
Years as president
Domestic policy
Foreign policy visions
Views on the issues of the era

Revised 2/7/2012

______

A ______For Populism

Populism was a political movement that intended to bring power to ______, and away from corrupt ______and big business.

The leader of the populists, ______ran for president on the populist platform of ideas.

The author of the book, The Wizard of Oz, ______, was also a journalist and Populist Party speechwriter. His characters represent people and the political situation of the ______.

Scarecrow / represents
Tin Man / represents
Dorothy / represents
Cowardly Lion / represents
Wicked Witch of the West/East / represents
Kansas / represents
The Ruby Slippers / represents
Yellow Brick Road / represents
Emerald City / represents
The Wizard / represents
The Munchkins / represents
The Field of Poppies / represents
Glinda the Good Witch / represents

Revised 2/7/2012