SUPPLEMENTAL DATA (for online publication only)

Appendix A. Wheat SPS cDNA and protein sequences. The longest contiguous sequence from each SPS gene family is shown with the component sequences indicated in the heading. Protein coding regions are shown in upper case with the start and stop codons highlighted in bold, and the 5´- and 3´-UTRs are shown in lowercase. Non-wheat segments are underlined.

The TaSPS1 clone (GenBank accession No. BE418274) was derived from a wheat leaf cDNA library and from comparison with known SPS sequences has a full length coding region, encoding the 1055aa wheat SPS1 protein (Table 1). Searches with the TaSPS1 sequence identified three groups of very closely related ESTs (see Supplemental Data, Appendix D). One group (TaSPSIa) is essentially identical (99 identity) to TaSPS1, extending throughout the 3´-UTR. A second group (TaSPSIb) shows 93-95% overall identity with TaSPS1, but has significant differences in the 3´-UTR, for example, a 41-bp insertion directly after the TGA translation stop codon. A third group contains sequences that have <99% identity with TaSPS1 but do not overlap with the dimorphic regions, so they might belong to the TaSPSIb group or to a third group. These sequences are collectively referred to as family I.

TaSPSI[1-39: BQ240343 (EST); 40-3460: TaSPS1 AF310160 (cDNA)]

ccacgcgtccgcggacgcgtgggggcagcagagtagctagctagctcgagggagagccga

gATGGCGGTGGGGAACGAGTGGATCAACGGGTACCTGGAGGCGATCCTCGACGCCGGGTC

GAAGCTGCGGGTGCAAGGGGTGTCGCTGCCGCCGCTGGAGCCAGCGCCGGCGCTCGCGTC

GGAGGAGTCCAGCGCCGCCTACAACCCCACCAGGTACTTCGTGGAGGAGGTCGTCCGGAG

CTTCGACGACCAGGCCCTCCACAAGACATGGACAAAGGTGGTGGCGATGCGGAACAGCCA

GGAGCGGAACAACCGGCTGGAGAACCTGTGCTGGAGGATCTGGAACGTCGCGAGGCAGAA

GAAGCAGGTGGAGAGGGATTACTCGCAGGAGGTCGCTCGGCGGAAGCAAGAGCAAGAGCT

GGGCAGCTTGGAGGCCGCCGAGGACCTCTCCGAGCTCTCGGAGGGCGAGAAGGAGACCGT

CCCCAAGCCGGACGGCGCCGCTGCACACCTGTCCGCCGACGAGCAGCAGCCGCAGCAGCG

CACCCGGCTGGCGAGGATCAACTCCGAGGTGCGGCTCGTCTCTGACGACGAGGACGAGCA

GAGCAAGGACAGAAACCTCTACATCGTCCTCGTCAGCATCCATGGGCTCGTGCGTGGAGA

GAACATGGAGCTCGGGCGAGACTCCGACACCGGAGGCCAGGTGAAGTACGTGGTGGAGCT

GGCCCGGGCGCTGGCGGCGACGGCGGGGGTGCACCGCGTGGACCTCCTGACGCGCCAGAT

CTCCTGCCCCGACGTCGACTGGACCTACGGCGAGCCGGTGGAGATGCTCGAGCGCCTGTC

CTCGGGCGACGACGACGGCGACGAGTCCGGGGGAGGCGGGGCGTACATCGTGCGGCTGCC

CTGCGGGCCACGCGACCAGTACATCCCCAAGGAGGAGCTCTGGCCGCACATCCCCGAGTT

CGTGGACCGCGCGCTCTCGCACGTCACCAACGTGGCGCGCGCGCTGGGCGAGCAGCTCCA

GCCGCCGCCCAGCGACGCCCCGGCGACGGCGCTGGCGGCGCCGGTGTGGCCGTACGTGAT

CCACGGGCACTACGCGGACGCGGCGGAGGTGGCGGCGAACCTCGCGAGCGCGCTCAACGT

GCCGATGGTGATGACGGGCCACTCGCTGGGGCGGAACAAGCTGGAGCAGCTGCTGAAGCT

GGGCCGCATGCACGGGCCCGAGATCCAGGGCACCTACAAGATCGCGCGGCGGATCGAGGC

GGAGGAGACCGGGCTGGACACGGCGGAGATGGTGGTCACCAGCACCAAGCAGGAGATCGA

GGAGCAGTGGGGCCTCTACGACGGCTTCGACCTCATGGTGGAGCGGAAGCTCCGCGTGCG

CCAGCGCCGCGGCGTCAGCAGCCTCGGCCGCTACATGCCGCGCATGGCGGTCATCCCGCC

CGGCATGGACTTCAGCTTCGTCGACACCCAGGACACCGCCGACGGGGACGGCGCCGACCT

CCAGATGCTCATCGACCCCGTCAAAGCCAAGAAGGCTCTGCCTCCCATTTGGTCAGAGAT

TCTGAGGTTCTTCACGAACCCGCACAAGCCGATGATCCTGGCGCTGTCGCGGCCGGACCC

GAAGAAGAATATCACCACGCTACTCAAGGCGTACGGCGAGAGCCGAAAGCTCCGGGAGCT

CGCCAACCTGACGCTGATACTGGGGAACAGAGATGACATCGACGACATGGCCGGCGGCGG

CGGCACGGTGCTCACGGCGGTGCTGAAGCTCATCGACCGCTACGACCTCTACGGCCAGGT

GGCTTATCCCAAGCACCACAAGCAGACGGACGTGCCTCACATCTACCGCCTCGCCGCCAA

GACCAAGGGAGTGTTCATCAACCCGGCTCTTGTAGAGCCGTTCGGCCTCACAATCATCGA

GGCCGCCGCTTATGGTCTGCCCGTGGTGGCGACCAAGAACGGCGGGCCGGTGGACATCCT

CAAGGCGCTTCACAACGGCCTGCTGGTGGACCCGCACTCCGCCGAGGCGATCACCGGCGC

GCTGCTCAGCCTGCTGGCCGACAAGGGGCAGTGGCTGGAGAGCCGCCGCAACGGCCTGCG

CAACATCCACCGCTTCTCCTGGCCGCACCACTGCCGCCTCTACCTCTCCCACGTCGCCGC

CTACTGCGACCACCCGTCGCCGCACCAGCGGCTCCGCGTCCCTGGCGTCCCGGCCGCCTC

GGCGAGCATGGGCGGCGACGACTCCCTCTCGGACTCGCTCCGTGGCCTCTCGCTCCAGAT

CTCCGTGGACGCCTCCAGTGACCTCAATGCCGGGGACTCCGCCGCGCTGATCATGGACGC

CCTACGCCGCCGCCCGGCGGCCGACAGGCGCGAGGGCTCCGGCAGGGCGTTGGGCTTCGC

GCCCGGCAGGAGGCAGAGCCTCCTTGTCGTCGCCGTCGACTGCTACTGCGACGACGGCAA

GCCCGACGTCGAGCAACTGAAGAAAGCCATCGACGCGGCGATGTCCGCCGGTGACGGCGC

GGGAGGGCGGCAGGGGTACGTGCTCTCGACCGGCATGACCATCCCCGAGGCCGCGGAGAC

GCTCAAGGCCTGCGGCGCCGACCCGGCCGGCTTCGACGCGCTGATTTGCAGCAGCGGCGC

GGAGATATGCTACCCGTGGAAGGAGCTCACGGCCGACGAGGAGTACTCGGGCCACGTGGC

GTTCCGGTGGCCCGGCGACCACGTGAAAACCGTCGTGCCGAGGCTCGGGAAGGCTGAGGA

CGCGCAGGCGTCCGACCTCGCCGTCGATGTGTCCGCCGGCTCCGTGCACTGCCACGCCTA

CGCCGCCACCGACGCGTCCAAGGTGAAGAAGGTGGATTCGATCAGGCAGGCGCTGCGGAT

GCGCGGGTTCCGGTGCAACCTCGTCTACACGCGCGCCTGCACGCGCCTCAACGTCATCCC

TCTCTCCGCTTCCCGCCCACGCGCCTTGAGGTACCTGTCGATACAGTGGGGCATCGATCT

CGCCAAGGTGGCGGTGCTCGTCGGCGAGACCGGGGACACCGACCGGGAGAAGCTCCTCCC

GGGGCTGCACAGGACGCTGATCCTGCCGGGGATGGTCTCACGCGGCAGCGAGCAGCTCGT

CCGCGGCGAGGACGGGTACGCCACGCAGGACGTCGTGGCCATGGACTCCCCCAACATCGT

CACGCTCGCTCAAGGCCAGGCTGTCTCCGACCTTCTCAAGGCCATGTGAgagagcacaac

tcgtacgtaatgtaattttggcaggaagatgactgcagaatttgcatacaaggtagtata

aatttatggatgtgcaagcatgagcaaacatgtggcaaataattttttatgtcttagcat

gcctccctgaggtctgttgtacatatatatacactttataaatgaatagtatataagact

tggaggataaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

The second family (family II) of SPS genes from wheat includes TaSPS2 (AF347064) and TaSPS8 (AF354298), which share 98% nucleotide identity in the protein coding region, decreasing to 92% in the 3´-UTR. Two shorter clones, TaSPS3 (AF347065) and TaSPS4 (AF347066), are essentially 100% identical to the 3´-ends of TaSPS2 and TaSPS8, respectively. TaSPS4 differs from TaSPS8 in the presence of a 792-bp insert, however, this seems likely to be an unspliced intron as it shows no similarity to other SPS-encoding sequences and is flanked at both ends by canonical AG^GT intron splice sites. The wheat ESTs in family II were assigned to three groups (Supplemental Data, Appendix D) based on the presence of insertions-deletions (indels) in the 3´-UTR and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Sequences in groups TaSPSIIa and TaSPSIIb are essentially identical to TaSPS2 and TaSPS8, respectively, whilst the third group, TaSPSIIc, differs from both. A few sequences with <99% identity to TaSPS2 could not be assigned to any group as they do not overlap with the polymorphic regions.

TaSPSIIa[1-21: Lolium perenne SPS2 (cDNA)/rice OsSPS8 (cDNA AK101676)/maize SPS2/Bambusa oidhamiiSPS (cDNA AY445835); 22-233: BG604750 (EST); 234-3653: TaSPS2 AF347064 (cDNA)]. The TaSPSIIa contig is predicted to be missing 21 bp from the 5´-end of the coding region. Orthologous sequences from rice (OsSPS8, see Appendix B), maize (ZmSPS2, see Appendix C), Lolium perenne (Demmer et al., 2003)and Bambusa oldhamii (AY445835) all contain the following sequence: ATGGC(G/C)GGGAACGACTGGATC, in this region, which encodes the invariant 7-aa peptide: MAGNDWI. Therefore, for the phylogenetic and other analyses it was assumed that the wheat SPS2 protein would also begin with this sequence.

ATGGCNGGGAACGACTGGATCAACAGCTACCTGGAGGCCATCCTCGACGCGGGCGGCGCC

GCGGGGGACATCACGGCCGCCTCCGTCGCCTCCGCGGCGCCCGGGGGCGGCGCGGGCTCC

GCGGCGGCGGAGAAGAGGCGGGACAAGGCGTCGCTGATGCTGCTGGAGCGCGGCCGCTTC

AACCCGGCGCGCTACTTCGTGGAGGAGGTCATCTCCGGCTTCGACGAGACCGACCTCTAC

AAGACCTGGGTCCGCACGTCGGCGATGAGGAGCCCGCAGGAGCGGAACACGCGGCTGGAG

AACATGTCCTGGCGGATCTGGAACCTCGCCAGGAAGAAGAAGCAGATTGAAGGCGAGGAA

GCCTCCCGCTCATCGAAGAAACGTCTTGAGCGTGAGAAGGCCCGTCGAGATGCTGCTGCT

GATTTGTCTGAGGACCTATCTGACGGAGAAAAAGGAGAACATATTAATGAATCATCTATT

CACGCTGAGAGTACAAGGGGACACATGCCAAGGATAGGTTCAACTGATGCTATTGATGTT

TGGGCAAATCAGCACAAAGATAAAAAACTGTACATAGTGCTAGTAAGCATTCATGGTCTT

ATACGTGGTGAGAATATGGAGCTTGGGCGTGATTCAGATACAGGTGGCCAGGTCAAATAT

GTTGTAGAGCTTGCTAGGGCGTTAGGTGAAACACCTGGAGTATATAGAGTGGATCTGCTG

ACAAGGCAGATTTCTGCACCTGATGTTGATTGGAGTTATGGGGAACCTACAGAGATGCTG

AGTCCAAGAAATTCAGAGAATCTTGGGGATGACATGGGTGAAAGCAGTGGTGCTTATATT

GTCAGGATACCATTTGGGCCAAGAGAAAAGTATATCCCTAAAGAGCAGCTCTGGCCCCAC

ATCCAGGAATTTGTTGACGGTGCACTTGTCCATATCATGCAAATGTCCAAGGTTCTTGGA

GAACAAGTTGGCAATGGCCAACCAGTATGGCCTGTTGTTATCCATGGACACTATGCTGAT

GCAGGCGATTCTGCTGCTTTATTATCTGGGGCACTCAATGTGCCAATGGTCTTCACAGGT

CATTCTCTTGGCAGAGACAAGTTAGAGCAACTTCTAAAGCAAGGGCGTCAAACCAGGGAT

GAAGTAAATGCAACATACAAGATAATGCGACGGATTGAGGCTGAGGAACTTTGTCTTGAT

GCATCTGAAATTGTAATCACTAGCACTAGGCAAGAGATAGATAAACAATGGGGATTATAT

AATGGATTTGATGTGATTATGGAGAGGAAACTTAGAGCAAGAATAAAGCGTGGTGTTAGC

TGCTATGGTCGTGAAATGCCTCGTATGGTTCCAATTCCTCCTGGTATGGAGTTCAGCCAT

ATAGTGCCTCATGATGTTGATCTTGATAGTGAAGAAGCGAATGAAGTTGGCTCAGATTCA

CCAGATCCACCTGTTTGGGCCGATATAATGCGCTTCTTCTCGAACCCTCGCAAGCCCATG

ATTCTCGCTCTTGCTCGTCCAGATCCCAAGAAGAACATCACTACGCTGGTTAAGGCATTT

GGTGAACACCATGAACTGAGAAATTTAGCAAACCTTACGTTGATCATGGGTAACCGTGAT

GTTATTGATGAAATGTCAAGCACAAATGGAGCTGTTTTGACATCAGTACTCAAGTTAATT

GACAAGTATGATCTATATGGGCAAGTGGCATACCCCAAGCACCATAAGCAATCTGAAGTT

CCAGATATTTATCGTCTAGCGGCAAGAACAAAGGGGGTGTTTATTAACTGTGCTTATATT

GAACCATTTGGGCTCACCTTGATCGAGGCTGCTGCTTATGGTCTACCTATGGTTGCTACC

CAAAATGGTGGGCCTGTCGATATACACCGGGTTCTTGACAATGGCATTCTTGTTGATCCC

CACAATCAAAATGATATAGCTGAGGCACTTTATAGACTTGTTTCTGATAAGCAATTGTGG

GCAAAATGCCGTCAGAATGGTCTGGATAATATCCATCGATTTTCTTGGCCTGAACATTGC

AAAAACTATTTGTCACGGGTTGGTACGCTCAAGTCTAGACATCCACGATGGCAAAAGAGC

GATGATGCTACTGAAGTTTCTGAAACAGATTCACGTGGTGACTCTTTGAGGGATATTCAT

GATATATCACTTAACTTGAAGATCTCCTTGGACAGTGAAAAATCAGGCAGCATGTCAAAA

TATGGAAGGAGTTCAACCAGTGACAGGAGAAACCTTGAGGATGCTGTACAAAAATTTTCA

GAAGCTGTTAGTGCTGGCACAAAGGATGAGTCTGGTGAGAAAGCTGGGGCCACCACAGGC

TCCAATAAATGGCCATCTCTGCGAAGGAGAAAACACATCGTTGTTATTGCTGTAGATTCT

GTGCAAGATGCGGACTTGGTTCAGATTATCAAAAACATTTTTCAGGCTTCAAACAAAGAA

AAATCATCTGGTGCTCTTGGTTTTGTATTGTCAACATCTCGAGCAGCATCAGAGATACAT

CCTTTGTTAACATCTGGGGGCATAGAAATTACTGATTTTGATGCCTTCATATGCAGCAGT

GGCAGTGATCTTTGCTATCCATCTTCAAATTCAGAAGACATGCTTAGCCCTGCCGAGCTT

CCATTTATGATCGATCTTGATTATCACTCTCAGATTCAATATCGTTGGGGAGGAGAAGGT

TTAAGGAAGACACTAATTCGTTGGGCAGCAGAAAAGAATAGCGAGAGTGGAAAAGAAGCA

GTTGTTGAAGATGACGAATGTTCATCCACTTACTGCATTTCATTTAAAGTGAAGAATACT

GAGGCTGTCCCTCCTGTGAAGGATCTTAGGAAGACAATGAGAATTCAAGCATTGCGCTGT

CATGTATTGTACAGCCATGATGGCAGCAAGTTGAACTTCATACCTGTTCTAGCATCACGA

TCCCAAGCACTAAGGTACTTGTATATAAGGTGGGGCGTAGAGCTGTCGAACATGACGGTG

GTTGTTGGTGAAAGCGGCGATACAGATTATGAAGGGCTACTCGGAGGCGTGCAGAAGACC

ATCATACTCAAAGGCTCATTTAATTCCGCGCCAAACCAGCTTCATGCCGCCAGAAACTAT

TCGCTAGAGGATGTCGTATCGTTTGACAAGCCAGGAATTGCTTCCGTCGACGGTTATGCC

CCAGATATCCTAAAATCAGCTCTACAACAATTTGGTGCCCTGCAGGGCTAGaatcaccag

ctttgtcagagtcagcagaggaataaagtaggtgtgtggaggcacacttttgctgtgggg

tcgcacacgagacacggcggcctcgtcccgtgcctggtatctggatagggcgcgaccgtg

gcggcaatcgagcacaagggtgtggcttgcatgctcggtttatcccttcggattttgtga

cctacattccattttcaacgcatggtgaaattgttcataggttccaaataaatacagtta

gtatcgaactatggtcataaagcgtgtgctatagggaatgaagtaccctgttgtttggaa

accatatatatacccaacaatgtgcatgcatctctacgaataattagcatctccaagggg

cttaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

The third family (family III) of wheat SPS genes includes the cDNA clone TaSPS9 (AF534907), which encodes a full length 964-aa protein (wheat SPS9, Table 1). Three groups (TaSPSIIIa [=TaSPS9], TaSPSIIIb and TaSPSIIIc) of TaSPS9-like ESTs were found, based on indels in the 3´-UTRs and SNPs, with a small number of other unassigned sequences.

TaSPSIIIa[TaSPS9 AF534907 (cDNA)]

ctcacttcctcctcctccccacctccctcttttggcttagcctccactcttcccatcccc

cgatctctccggggctgcggcggcggctgcggcggcggcggcgaagATGGTGGGCAACGA

CAACTGGATCAACAGCTACCTGGACGCCATCCTCGACGCCGGCAAGTCGGCCGTCGGCGG

CGACCGCCCCTCCTTGCTCCTCCGCGAGCGTGGCCACTTCTCCCCGGCCCGCTACTTCGT

CGAGGAGGTCATCACCGGCTACGACGAGACCGACCTCTACAAGACATGGCTCCGGGCGAA

CGCGATGCGGAGCCCGCAGGAGAGGAACACGCGGCTGGAGAACATGACATGGAGGATCTG

GAACCTCGCGAGGAAGAAGAAGGAGTTAGAGAAAGAAGAAGCCTGTCGTTTGTTGAAAAG

GCATCCAGAAACCGAGAAAACACGAATTGATGCTACAGCGGATATGTCTGAAGATCTCTT

TGAAGGTGAAAAGGGAGAAGATGCTGGTGACCCATCTGTTGCCTATGGTGATAGCACCAC

AGGGGTCTCACCCAAGACAAGTTCAGTTGACAAGCTGTACATTGTATTGATCAGTCTCCA

TGGTCTTGTCCGTGGTGAGAATATGGAGCTAGGCCGAGATTCAGATACTGGTGGCCAGGT

CAAATATGTGGTTGAATTTGCTAAAGCATTGAGTTCGTCTCCTGGAGTTTACCGGGTTGA

TTTGCTGACAAGACAAATTTTGGCACCAAATTTTGATCGTAGTTATGGTGAACCTGCAGA

AATGTTGGTTTCAACAACCTTTAAAAATTCCAAACAGGAAAAGGGAGAGAACAGTGGTGG

ATACATCATTCGGATACCATTTGGACCAAGAGATATGTACCTGACTAAAGAACGTCTATG

GCCTTTCATTCAAGAATTTGTTGATGGTGCACTCAGCCATATTGTGCGGATGTCAAAAAC

AATTGGTGAAGAAATCGGCTGTGGGCATCCAGTCTGGCCTGCTGTGATTCATGGGCATTA

CGCCAGCGCGGGAATAGCTGCTACCCTGTTATCAGGAGCACTTAACCTGCCTATGGCATT

TACAGGACATTTCCTTGGGAAAGATAAACTGGAAGGGCTTCTCAAGCAAGGGCGACAATC

AAGGGAAGAAATAAATATGACATACAAAATAATGCGCCGAATCGAGGCGGAGGAATTGTC

TCTTGATGCATCTGAAATTGTTATTGCTAGTACTAGGCAAGAGATAGAAGAGCAGTGGAA

CTTGTATGATGGTTTTGAGGTCATACTTGCAAGGAAGCTTCGAGCAAGAGTCAAGCGTGG

TGCTAACTGCTATGGGCGTTATATGCCTCGTATGGTTATAATTCCTCCTGGTGTTGAATT

TGGTCATATAATTCATGATTTCGATATAGATGGTGAAGAAGAAAATCATGGCCCAGCCTC

TGAGGATCCGCCTATCTGGTCTCAGATAATGCGCTTCTTTACAAATCCTCGGAAGCCTAT

GATTTTGGCTGTTGCCCGTCCATATCCTGAAAAGAATATAACAACACTTGTAAAGGCATT

TGGTGAGTGCCGCCCACTGAGGGAGCTCGCAAATCTCACACTAATAATGGGTAACCGTGA

GGCTATTTCAAAGATGCACAACACGAGTGCTTCTGTCTTGACATCTGTGCTTACACTAAT

AGACGAATACGATTTGTATGGTCAAGTGGCATACCCCAAGCATCACAAGCACTCTGAAGT

TCCTGACATTTACTGTTTAGCCACAAGAACTAAGGGGGCTTTTGTTAACGTGGCTTATTT

TGAACAATTTGGTGTTACCTTGATAGAGGCCGCTATGAATGGTTTGCCTGTTATTGCTAC

AAAAAATGGAGCTCCTGTTGAAATTCATCAGGTGCTCAACAATGGTCTCCTTGTCGATCC

ACATGATCAGAATGCCATTGCAGATGCACTGTATAAACTTCTTTCCGAGAAGCAACTTTG

GTCAAGGTGCAGAGAAAATGGACTAAAAAATATTCACCAATTTTCCTGGCCTGAACATTG

CAAGAATCACCTGTCAAGGATATTGACTCTTGGCATGAGATCTCCTGCTGTCGGTAGCGA

AGAGGAAAGGAGTAAGGCACCTATATCAGGAAGGAAGCATATCATTGTTATTTCTGTAGA

CTCTGTTAACAAGGAGAATCTAGTGCGGATCATCAGAAATGCGATTGAGGCCGCACATAC

AGAAAACACACCGGCTTCAACTGGTTTCGTGCTGTCAACTTCGCTAACAATATCAGAGAT

ATGTTCACTGCTAGTATCTGTAGGCATGCATCCTGCTGGTTTTGATGCTTTCATCTGCAA

CAGTGGGAGTAGCATTTACTATCCTTCATATTCTGGTAATACGCCAAGCAATTCCAAGGT

TACCCATGTAATAGATCGAAATCATCAATCACATATTGAGTATCGTTGGGGAGGAGAAGG

TCTAAGAAAGTATCTTGTGAAATGGGCTACTTCAGTGGTTGAAAGAAAGGGAAGAATTGA

AAGGCAAATGATTTTTGAAGATTCAGAACACTCTTCTACATATTGTCTTGCATTTAAAGT

GGTCAATCCAAATCATCTGCCTCCCCTAAAGGAGTTGAGGAAGTTGATGAGAATCCAGTC

GCTCCGTTGTAATGCGCTGTATAACCACAGCGCTACCAGACTGTCTGTAACTCCTATTCA

TGCGTCACGTTCTCAGGCAATAAGGTACTTGTTTGTACGGTGGGGGATAGAGTTGCCAAA

TATCGTGGTCATGGTTGGTGAAAGTGGTGATTCCGATTACGAAGAGCTGCTAGGGGGTCT

CCACAGGACCATAATCCTGAAGGGCGACTTCAACATTGCTGCAAACAGAATCCACACAGT

CCGGAGATACCCCTTGCAGGATGTCGTTGCACTGGACAGCTCCAACATCATCGAAGTCCA

GGGTTGCACTACAGAGGACATCAAGTCTGCCCTGCGTCAGATTGGTGTGCCGACACAATA

Acatctttgcgcgcaccacacgaaaaggaagaagaaaaggagaggaagaacgagccaaac

cgagcgccactatttccatacctgatgggaatgtcgattttgtttgtagattgtagagtg

tgggtgtggtatattctcgagctgtgaataacttccaccttttgtttgtactattcacaa

attttgaagtggacaatatcgataaatgtagtgggaaaacaaatgtgagcagaaaagtca

tttgggaactgagatgccccgaaaatacagacaaggcgggagcctaaatggattaaaaaa

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

The fourth family of wheat SPS genes (family IV) was initially discovered by RT-PCR from wheat leaf RNA, which yielded a 674-bp fragment that was highly similar (87% identity) to the protein coding region of cDNA clone TaSPS9 (=TaSPSIIIa), but was more divergent than the TaSPSIIIb and TaSPSIIIc sequences within family III, which have >94% nucleotide identity with TaSPS9. The 674-bp RT-PCR fragment was linked to a partial cDNA clone, TaSPS7 (AF347069) by a second RT-PCR. This produced three groups of very similar 683-bp fragments, of which one had 5´- and 3´-ends that showed 100% identity with the 3´-end of the 674-bp fragment and 5´-end of TaSPS7, respectively. The resulting contiguous sequence was extended at the 5´-end by 5´-RACE. The longest product amplified by this procedure contained 428 bp, extending the overall contiguous sequence (TaSPSIVa) to a total length of 2517 bp. The 5´-end (520 bp) of an orthologous rice gene (OsSPS6) was used to search the ESTs from wheat and other species in the Triticeae. The only matching ESTs found were from rye (Secale cereale; 95% nucleotide identity) and barley (86-95% nucleotide identity), with the rye EST (BE494645) containing the likely translation initiation codon. From comparison with these sequences, it was estimated that the contiguous wheat SPSIVa sequence covers 2387 bp (82%) out of a 2919-bp protein coding region. Two groups of wheat ESTs in family IV were identified based on SNPs and a 3-bp indel in the 3´-UTR, with seven other sequences unassigned (Supplemental Data, Appendix D).

TaSPSIVa[1-303: 5´RACE; 304-958: RT-PCR; 959-1234: RT-PCR; 1235-2517: TaSPS7 AF347069 (cDNA)]

GTGAGAACTTGGAGCTTGGCCGGGATTCAGACACTAGTGGGCAGGTCAAATATGTTGTGG

AACTTGCTAAAGCATTGAGTTCATGCCCTGGAGTATACCGAGTTGATCTGTTGACGAGGC

AAATATTAGCACCTAATTATGATCGTGGATATGGTGAACCGTCAGAGACACTGGTACCAA

CAAGCTTCAAGAATCTTAAACAGGAAAGAGGAGAGAACAGTGGTGCATATATCACCCGAA

TACCATTTGGACCGAAAGACAAGTATCTAGCTAAAGAACATCTCTGGCCTTACGTGCAAG

AATTTGTTGATGGTGCACTCAGTCATATAGTGCACATGTCAAAGATCATAGGTGAAGAAA

TCGGCTGTGGACATCCAATGTGGCCTGCTGTGATTCATGGTCATTATGCCAGTGCAGGAG

TTGCTGCTGCTCTGATATCTGGAGCACTTAACGTTCACATGGTATTTACTGGGCATTTTC

TTGGGAAAGACAAGTTGGAAGGGCTTCTCAAGCAAGGGAGACAGACAAGGGAAGAAATAA

ATATGACATACAAAATAATGCGCCGAATTGAAGCAGAAGAATTATCTCTTGATGCATCTG

AAATAGTAATTGCAAGTACTAGACAAGAGATAGAAGAGCAATGGAATTTGTATGATGGTT

TTGAGGTCATGCTTGCAAGGAAGCTTCGTGCGAGAGTCAAGCGTGGTGCTAATTGCTATG

GACGTTACATGCCTCGTATGGTTATAATTCCTCCAGGTGTTGAATTTGGCCATATGATTC

ATGAATTTGATATGGAAGGCGAGGAAGATAGCCATTCCCCAGCCTCTGAAGATCCGCCTA

TTTGGTCTGAGATAATGCGGTTCTTCACAAATCCTAGGAAACCTTTGATTCTGGCTGTTG

CTCGTCCATACCCTGAAAAGAATATTACAACACTTGTAAAAGCCTTTGGTGAGTGCCGAC

CATTGAGGGAGCTTGCTAACCTAACACTGATTATGGGTAACCGTGAAGCTATTTCCAAAA

TGAGTAATATGAGTGCAGCTGTTTTGACATCAGTACTTACATTGATTGATGAATATGATT

TGTATGGTCAAGTGGCATACCCAAAGCATCACAAACACTCAGAAGTTCTTGATATTTATC

GTTTAGCAGCGAGAACGAAGGGTGCTTTTGTAAATGTAGCTTACTTTGAACAATTCGGTG

TTACCTTGATAGAGGCTGCCATGCATGGTTTACCTGTAATTGCAACAAAAAATGGAGCTC

CTGTTGAAATTCACCAGGTGTTGGACAACGGCCTCCTTGTTGATCCCCACGATCAGCATG

CAATTGCAGATGCACTCTATAAGCTTCTTTCTGACAAGCAACTCTGGTCAAGATGTAGAG

AAAATGGGCTGAAAAATATACACCGGTTTTCTTGGCCTGAACATTGCAAGAATTACTTGT

CGAGGATATTAACTCTTAGCCCAAGATACCCTTCTTTTCCGAGCAATGAAGACCAGTTTA

AGGCACCTATCAAGGGAAGGAAGTGTATCATCGTTATTGCCGTAGACTCTGCCAGTAAGA

AAGATCTGGTCTGTATCATAAAAAATTCTATTGAGGCTACACGGAAAGAAACGTTGTCAG

GTTCAACAGGTTTTGTGTTGTCGACTTCCCTGACAATGTCAGAGATACATTCCCTATTAA

TATCTGCAGGCATGGCTCCTACAGATTTTGATGCTTTCATATGCAATAGTGGGAGTGATT

TATTTTACCCTTCGCGGGCTGGTGATTCACCAAGCACTTCCCGTGTGACATTTTCATTAG

ACCGTAATTACCAGTCTCATATCGAGTATCGTTGGGGAGGAGAAGGTTTAAGGAAGTACC

TAGTGAAGTGGGCTTCCTCGATAGTAGAAAGAAGGGGAAGAACTGAAAAACAAGTCATTT

TTGAAGATGCAGAGCACTCCTCAACAAGTTGCCTTGCATTTAGAGTGGTCAATCCAAATT

ATTTACCTCCTTTGAAGGAGCTGCAAAAGTTGATGAGAATCCAGTCACTGCGTTGCCATG

CTCTTTATAACCACAGTGCTACCAGGCTATCTGTAATTCCAATTCATGCATCACGGTCCC

AGGCTCTAAGGTACTTGTCTGTTCGTTGGGGCATAGAGTTGCGAAACGTCGTGATTCTTG

TCGGTGAAAGCGGCGACTCAGATTACGAAGAGCTGTTTGGAGGCCTTCACAAGACGATCG

TCCTGAAGGGCGAGTTCAACACGCCCGCAAACAGGATCCACACGGTCAGGCGGTACCCGC

TACAGGACGTCATCGCGCTCGATTGCTCGAACATCATCGGGGTCGAGGGCTGCAGCGCCG

ATGACCTGACGCCTACCCTGAAGGCGCTCGGCATACCGACAAAGTGAcagatagccatat

aatttttgcccttttttctttatacgatgagaggaccggacaatacacgaatatagcaaa

tatatactaccatcgtttccatgctcgatggaaatacaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Wheat SPS family V is represented by two partial cDNA clones, TaSPS5 (AF347067) and TaSPS6 (AF347068), which show 96% identity to each other and are more similar (79-80% identity) to the original maize SPS sequence (Worrell et al., 1991) than the other wheat clones (Table 2). Both TaSPS5 and TaSPS6 are truncated at the 5´-end. Five ESTs (CA498087, CA498012, BJ244687, BJ259967 and BJ248938) form a contiguous sequence that was judged to form part of the missing 5´-end of the TaSPS6 coding region, based on the 3´-EST partners of BJ259967 and BJ248938 (BJ265682 and BJ255184, respectively, see Supplemental Data, Appendix D), which share >99% nucleotide identity with the 3´-UTR of TaSPS6. The resulting 5´- and 3´-end contigs together cover 3029 bp (>94%) out of an estimated 3213-bp protein coding region. Plasmids that should have contained the putative full length cDNA clones, CA498087 and CA498012, were obtained but all attempts to reintroduce one of them into E. coli for sequencing were unsuccessful, and the other plasmid contained a different, unrelated clone to the one expected. A third clone (BJ244962) containing the 5´-end of a different but closely related gene (97% identity) was sequenced, however, the plasmid was found to contain a truncated chimeric cDNA insert with only 641 bp of SPS-like sequence (TaSPS10; AY425710). The ESTs in family V fall into three groups (TaSPSVa [=TaSPS5], TaSPSVb [=TaSPS6] and TaSPSVc), with three further unassigned sequences that do not overlap with the diagnostic polymorphic regions (Supplemental Data, Appendix D).

TaSPSVb[1-1405: CA498087, CA498012, BJ259967, BJ244687 & BJ248938 (EST); 1406-1588: 184 bp gap (predicted); 1589-2588: CA741331, BF484659, BJ256105 (EST); 2599-3614: TaSPS6 AF347068 (cDNA)]

gtcgacccacgcgtccggacagttccatcttccctctcgcccaacggagcatctctccct

ctctctcgcccaacggaacagacgcacgcgaatcgggccgccgcggcgggtgcatcacga

tggccggcaacgagtggatcaATGGCTATCTGGAGGCGATTCTTGACAGCGGCGCGTCGG

GTGGCGGAGGCGGAGGCGGTGGCGGCTCCGGTGCCGGGGCCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCG

GCGGCGGGGGTGACCCGAAGTCGTCGTCGAGCCCCCGCGGGCCGCACACGATATTCAACC

CCACAACGTACTTTGTGGAGGAGGTGGTGAAAGGCGTCGACGAGAGCGACCTCCACAGGA

CATGGATCAAGGTCGTGGCGACCCGCAACGCCCGCGAGCGCAGCAGCCGCCTCGAGAACA

TGTGCTGGCGCATCTGGCACCTCGCCCGCAAGAAGAAGCAGCTGGAGATTGAGGGCATCC

AGAGGATGTCGGCTCGGCAGAATGAACAGGAGAAGGTGCGCCGCGAGGCCACGGAGGACC

TGTCGGAAGATCTCGACGAGGGCGAGAAGGGGGACATCGTCGGCGAGCTGATGCCGTCAG

GGACCCCCAAGAAGAAGTTCCAGAGGAATTTCTCCGACCTTAGTGTGTGGTCGGACGAGA

ATAAGGAGAAGAAGTTGTACATTGTGCTCATCAGTGTGCACGGTCTTGTCCGTGGAGAAA

ACATGGAACTGGGTAGTGATTCAGATACGGGAGGGCAGGTGAAATATGTTGTGGAACTTG

CGAGAGCGCTTGCAATGATGCCCGGAGTGTACAGAGTAGACCTGTTTACTCGCCAAGTGT

CATCACCCGACGTGGACTGGAGCTACGGGGAGCCAACAGAGATGTTAACCTCCGGTTCCC

ACGACGCAGAGGGGAGCGGTGAGAGCGGCGGGGCATACATTGTGCGCATCCCTTGCGGCC

AGAGTAACAAGTACATCAAGAAGGAGTCCCTGTGGCCTTACCTCCAAGAGTTTGTTGACG

GAGCCCTTGCGCACATTCTAAACATGTCAAAGGTTTTGGGCGAACAGGTAGGCCATGGGA

AGCCAGTGCTGCCTTATGTGATCCATGGCCACTATGCCGACGCTGGCGATGTTGCTGCCC

TTCTTTCTGGCGCGTTGAATGTGCCGATGGTGCTCACTGGTCACTCGCTTGGGAGGAACA

AGCTGGAGCAGATTATGATGCAAGGGCGTATGTCCAAGGAGGAGATCGACGCAACCTACA

AGATCATGAGGCGTATTGAGGGGGAGGAGCTGGCCTTGGACGCAGCAGAGCTTGTGATTA

CTAGCACCAGGCAGGAGATCGATGAGCAGTGGGGATTGTATGATGGCTTTGATGTCAAGC

TTGAGAAAGTGTTGCGGGCACGGACnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn

nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnGCGCTTCCTGACCAATCCTCACAAGCCAATG

ATCTTGGCACTGTCAAGGCCTGATCCNAAGAAGAACATCACTACTCTTGTCAAAGCATTT

GGAGAATGCCGCCCACTGAGGGAACTTGCAAACTTAGTTCTGATCATGGGGAACAGAGAT

GACATCGAGGAGATGCCTCCCGGCAATGCAAATGTCCTCACCACTGTCTTGAAGCTGGTT

GACAAGTATGATCTGTATGGAAGTGTGGCCTTCCCCAAGCATCACAAGCAGGCCGACGTC

CCTGAGATTTATCGCCTCACAGCCAAGACGAAGGGTGTATTCATCAATCCTGCTCTCGTG

GAGCCTTTCGGCCTTACACTAATCGAGGCTGCAGCGCACGGTCTCCCAATCGTCGCCACC

AAGAACGGCGGTCCGGTCGACATTACAAATACACTGAACAGTGGGCTGCTAGTGGATCCG

CACGACCAGAACGCCATCGCCGACGCGCTGCTGAAGCTGGTGGCCGACAAGAACCTGTGG

CATGAGTGCCGGAAGAACGGGCTGCGCAACATCCACCTCTACTCGTGGCCGGAGCACTGC

CGGACGTACCTCGCCAGGGTGGCCGGGTGCCGGATCAGGAACCCACGCTGGCTCAAGGAC

ACGCCTGCGGACGCTGGCGCTGACGATGAGGCCGAGGACTCGCTCATGGAATTCCAGGAC

CTATCGCTCCGCCTGTCCATCGACGGCGAGCGAGGCTCCACTAACGAGCCCGCCTCGTCG

GACCCGCAGGACCAGGTGCAGAAGATCATGAACAAGCTCCACCAGTCGTCTTCTGCAGCT

CCAGATGCTGCCACGGACAAGAATCCGGCCAACGTTCACGCCGCTGGCACCGTCAACAAG

TACCCACTCCTGCGCCGCCGCCGCCGGCTGTTCATCGTGGCCGTGGACTGCTATGGTGAC

GACGGACGTTCCAGCAAGAAGATGTTGCAGGTGATTCAGGAGGTGTTCAGGGCGGTCCGG

TCTGACACCCAATTGTCCAAGATCTCCGGGTTCGCACTGTCGACGGCGATGCCGCTGTCC

GAGACGCTCCAGCTCCTACAGACGGGGAAGGTTCCCCCAACCGACTTCGATGCGCTCATC

TGCGGCAGTGGCAGCGAGGTGTACTACCCTGGCTCCGCGCAGTGCTTGGATGCCCAGGGG

AAGCTCCGGCCCGACCAGGACTACCTGCAGCACATCAACCATCGGTGGTCTCACGACGGC

GCCAGGCAGACCATAGGGAAGCTCATGGCCTCACAGGACGGCTCCGGCAGTGTCGTCGAG

CCTGACGTGGAGTCCTGCAATGCGCACTGCGTCTCCTTCTTCGTCAGGGACCCCAAGAAG

GTGAGAACTATCGATGAGATGCGGGAGAGGCTGAGGATGCGTGGCCTCCGGTGCCACCTC

ATGTACTGTCGGAAGTCAACGAGGATGCAGGTTGTCCCTCTCATGGCATCAAGGTCACAA

GCACTCAGGTACCTCTTTGTGCGTTGGGGCCTGCCCGTGGGCAACATGTACATTGTCCTC

GGGGAACATGGCGACACCGACCGTGAGGAGATGCTTTCAGGACTACACAAGACGGTGATT

GTTAAAGGCGTCACCGAGAAAGGCTCAGAGGACCTGCTGAGGAGCTCAGGGAGTTACCAC

AAGGAAGACGTTGTCCCGTCCGATAGCCCATTGGCTACCACCACGCGCGGTGATCTGAAG

TCGGATGAGATCCTGCGGGCTCTCAAGGAGGTCTCCAAGGCTTCCAGCGGCTGAtcggtt

gcccggaagctcgatgatgccgaacatcttcactcatgctatttaatatcttctgcttgt

tcataaccagagattcgaaccatttctcttttcttcactacatatataatcttgtgagca

ctagcacgactacatcttgcagtgagaaataattaagacactgctgatgatgccactgtc

tggcttgaatgtttgtgaactaattcagcatatacgtttgcaatatatattgtgcttatt

caaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Wheat SPS1a

MAVGNEWINGYLEAILDAGSKLRVQGVSLPPLEPAPALASEESSAAYNPTRYFVEEVVRS

FDDQALHKTWTKVVAMRNSQERNNRLENLCWRIWNVARQKKQVERDYSQEVARRKQEQEL

GSLEAAEDLSELSEGEKETVPKPDGAAAHLSADEQQPQQRTRLARINSEVRLVSDDEDEQ

SKDRNLYIVLVSIHGLVRGENMELGRDSDTGGQVKYVVELARALAATAGVHRVDLLTRQI

SCPDVDWTYGEPVEMLERLSSGDDDGDESGGGGAYIVRLPCGPRDQYIPKEELWPHIPEF

VDRALSHVTNVARALGEQLQPPPSDAPATALAAPVWPYVIHGHYADAAEVAANLASALNV

PMVMTGHSLGRNKLEQLLKLGRMHGPEIQGTYKIARRIEAEETGLDTAEMVVTSTKQEIE

EQWGLYDGFDLMVERKLRVRQRRGVSSLGRYMPRMAVIPPGMDFSFVDTQDTADGDGADL

QMLIDPVKAKKALPPIWSEILRFFTNPHKPMILALSRPDPKKNITTLLKAYGESRKLREL

ANLTLILGNRDDIDDMAGGGGTVLTAVLKLIDRYDLYGQVAYPKHHKQTDVPHIYRLAAK

TKGVFINPALVEPFGLTIIEAAAYGLPVVATKNGGPVDILKALHNGLLVDPHSAEAITGA

LLSLLADKGQWLESRRNGLRNIHRFSWPHHCRLYLSHVAAYCDHPSPHQRLRVPGVPAAS

ASMGGDDSLSDSLRGLSLQISVDASSDLNAGDSAALIMDALRRRPAADRREGSGRALGFA

PGRRQSLLVVAVDCYCDDGKPDVEQLKKAIDAAMSAGDGAGGRQGYVLSTGMTIPEAAET

LKACGADPAGFDALICSSGAEICYPWKELTADEEYSGHVAFRWPGDHVKTVVPRLGKAED

AQASDLAVDVSAGSVHCHAYAATDASKVKKVDSIRQALRMRGFRCNLVYTRACTRLNVIP

LSASRPRALRYLSIQWGIDLAKVAVLVGETGDTDREKLLPGLHRTLILPGMVSRGSEQLV

RGEDGYATQDVVAMDSPNIVTLAQGQAVSDLLKAM

Wheat SPS2a

MAGNDWINSYLEAILDAGGAAGDITAASVASAAPGGGAGSAAAEKRRDKASLMLLERGRF

NPARYFVEEVISGFDETDLYKTWVRTSAMRSPQERNTRLENMSWRIWNLARKKKQIEGEE

ASRSSKKRLEREKARRDAAADLSEDLSDGEKGEHINESSIHAESTRGHMPRIGSTDAIDV

WANQHKDKKLYIVLVSIHGLIRGENMELGRDSDTGGQVKYVVELARALGETPGVYRVDLL

TRQISAPDVDWSYGEPTEMLSPRNSENLGDDMGESSGAYIVRIPFGPREKYIPKEQLWPH

IQEFVDGALVHIMQMSKVLGEQVGNGQPVWPVVIHGHYADAGDSAALLSGALNVPMVFTG

HSLGRDKLEQLLKQGRQTRDEVNATYKIMRRIEAEELCLDASEIVITSTRQEIDKQWGLY

NGFDVIMERKLRARIKRGVSCYGREMPRMVPIPPGMEFSHIVPHDVDLDSEEANEVGSDS

PDPPVWADIMRFFSNPRKPMILALARPDPKKNITTLVKAFGEHHELRNLANLTLIMGNRD

VIDEMSSTNGAVLTSVLKLIDKYDLYGQVAYPKHHKQSEVPDIYRLAARTKGVFINCAYI

EPFGLTLIEAAAYGLPMVATQNGGPVDIHRVLDNGILVDPHNQNDIAEALYRLVSDKQLW

AKCRQNGLDNIHRFSWPEHCKNYLSRVGTLKSRHPRWQKSDDATEVSETDSRGDSLRDIH

DISLNLKISLDSEKSGSMSKYGRSSTSDRRNLEDAVQKFSEAVSAGTKDESGEKAGATTG

SNKWPSLRRRKHIVVIAVDSVQDADLVQIIKNIFQASNKEKSSGALGFVLSTSRAASEIH

PLLTSGGIEITDFDAFICSSGSDLCYPSSNSEDMLSPAELPFMIDLDYHSQIQYRWGGEG

LRKTLIRWAAEKNSESGKEAVVEDDECSSTYCISFKVKNTEAVPPVKDLRKTMRIQALRC

HVLYSHDGSKLNFIPVLASRSQALRYLYIRWGVELSNMTVVVGESGDTDYEGLLGGVQKT

IILKGSFNSAPNQLHAARNYSLEDVVSFDKPGIASVDGYAPDILKSALQQFGALQG

Wheat SPS3a

MVGNDNWINSYLDAILDAGKSAVGGDRPSLLLRERGHFSPARYFVEEVITGYDETDLYKT

WLRANAMRSPQERNTRLENMTWRIWNLARKKKELEKEEACRLLKRHPETEKTRIDATADM

SEDLFEGEKGEDAGDPSVAYGDSTTGVSPKTSSVDKLYIVLISLHGLVRGENMELGRDSD

TGGQVKYVVEFAKALSSSPGVYRVDLLTRQILAPNFDRSYGEPAEMLVSTTFKNSKQEKG

ENSGGYIIRIPFGPRDMYLTKERLWPFIQEFVDGALSHIVRMSKTIGEEIGCGHPVWPAV

IHGHYASAGIAATLLSGALNLPMAFTGHFLGKDKLEGLLKQGRQSREEINMTYKIMRRIE

AEELSLDASEIVIASTRQEIEEQWNLYDGFEVILARKLRARVKRGANCYGRYMPRMVIIP

PGVEFGHIIHDFDIDGEEENHGPASEDPPIWSQIMRFFTNPRKPMILAVARPYPEKNITT

LVKAFGECRPLRELANLTLIMGNREAISKMHNTSASVLTSVLTLIDEYDLYGQVAYPKHH

KHSEVPDIYCLATRTKGAFVNVAYFEQFGVTLIEAAMNGLPVIATKNGAPVEIHQVLNNG

LLVDPHDQNAIADALYKLLSEKQLWSRCRENGLKNIHQFSWPEHCKNHLSRILTLGMRSP

AVGSEEERSKAPISGRKHIIVISVDSVNKENLVRIIRNAIEAAHTENTPASTGFVLSTSL

TISEICSLLVSVGMHPAGFDAFICNSGSSIYYPSYSGNTPSNSKVTHVIDRNHQSHIEYR

WGGEGLRKYLVKWATSVVERKGRIERQMIFEDSEHSSTYCLAFKVVNPNHLPPLKELRKL

MRIQSLRCNALYNHSATRLSVTPIHASRSQAIRYLFVRWGIELPNIVVMVGESGDSDYEE

LLGGLHRTIILKGDFNIAANRIHTVRRYPLQDVVALDSSNIIEVQGCTTEDIKSALRQIG

VPTQ

Wheat SPS4a (truncated at N-terminus)

ENLELGRDSDTSGQVKYVVELAKALSSCPGVYRVDLLTRQILAPNYDRGYGEPSETLVPT

SFKNLKQERGENSGAYITRIPFGPKDKYLAKEHLWPYVQEFVDGALSHIVHMSKIIGEEI

GCGHPMWPAVIHGHYASAGVAAALISGALNVHMVFTGHFLGKDKLEGLLKQGRQTREEIN

MTYKIMRRIEAEELSLDASEIVIASTRQEIEEQWNLYDGFEVMLARKLRARVKRGANCYG

RYMPRMVIIPPGVEFGHMIHEFDMEGEEDSHSPASEDPPIWSEIMRFFTNPRKPLILAVA

RPYPEKNITTLVKAFGECRPLRELANLTLIMGNREAISKMSNMSAAVLTSVLTLIDEYDL

YGQVAYPKHHKHSEVLDIYRLAARTKGAFVNVAYFEQFGVTLIEAAMHGLPVIATKNGAP

VEIHQVLDNGLLVDPHDQHAIADALYKLLSDKQLWSRCRENGLKNIHRFSWPEHCKNYLS

RILTLSPRYPSFPSNEDQFKAPIKGRKCIIVIAVDSASKKDLVCIIKNSIEATRKETLSG

STGFVLSTSLTMSEIHSLLISAGMAPTDFDAFICNSGSDLFYPSRAGDSPSTSRVTFSLD

RNYQSHIEYRWGGEGLRKYLVKWASSIVERRGRTEKQVIFEDAEHSSTSCLAFRVVNPNY

LPPLKELQKLMRIQSLRCHALYNHSATRLSVIPIHASRSQALRYLSVRWGIELRNVVILV

GESGDSDYEELFGGLHKTIVLKGEFNTPANRIHTVRRYPLQDVIALDCSNIIGVEGCSAD

DLTPTLKALGIPTK

Wheat SPS5b (=wheat SPS6)

MAGNEWINGYLEAILDSGASGGGGGGGGGSGAGAGGGGGGGGGGDPKSSSSPRGPHTIF

NPTTYFVEEVVKGVDESDLHRTWIKVVATRNARERSSRLENMCWRIWHLARKKKQLEIE

GIQRMSARQNEQEKVRREATEDLSEDLDEGEKGDIVGELMPSGTPKKKFQRNFSDLSVW

SDENKEKKLYIVLISVHGLVRGENMELGSDSDTGGQVKYVVELARALAMMPGVYRVDLF

TRQVSSPDVDWSYGEPTEMLTSGSHDAEGSGESGGAYIVRIPCGQSNKYIKKESLWPYL

QEFVDGALAHILNMSKVLGEQVGHGKPVLPYVIHGHYADAGDVAALLSGALNVPMVLTG

HSLGRNKLEQIMMQGRMSKEEIDATYKIMRRIEGEELALDAAELVITSTRQEIDEQWGL

YDGFDVKLEKVLRARARRGVSCHGRFMPRMVVIPPGMDFSNVVVPEDTSDGDDKDDINL

DGASPRSLPPIWAEVMRFLTNPHKPMILALSRPDXKKNITTLVKAFGECRPLRELANLV

LIMGNRDDIEEMPPGNANVLTTVLKLVDKYDLYGSVAFPKHHKQADVPEIYRLTAKTKG

VFINPALVEPFGLTLIEAAAHGLPIVATKNGGPVDITNTLNSGLLVDPHDQNAIADALL

KLVADKNLWHECRKNGLRNIHLYSWPEHCRTYLARVAGCRIRNPRWLKDTPADAGADDE

AEDSLMEFQDLSLRLSIDGERGSTNEPASSDPQDQVQKIMNKLHQSSSAAPDAATDKNP

ANVHAAGTVNKYPLLRRRRRLFIVAVDCYGDDGRSSKKMLQVIQEVFRAVRSDTQLSKI

SGFALSTAMPLSETLQLLQTGKVPPTDFDALICGSGSEVYYPGSAQCLDAQGKLRPDQD

YLQHINHRWSHDGARQTIGKLMASQDGSGSVVEPDVESCNAHCVSFFVRDPKKVRTIDE

MRERLRMRGLRCHLMYCRKSTRMQVVPLMASRSQALRYLFVRWGLPVGNMYIVLGEHGD

TDREEMLSGLHKTVIVKGVTEKGSEDLLRSSGSYHKEDVVPSDSPLATTTRGDLKSDEI

LRALKEVSKASSG

Appendix B. Rice SPS cDNA and protein sequences. Genomic and cDNA sequences for the OsSPS1 gene have previously been described from both the japonica (cv. Nipponbare) and indica (cv. IR36) cultivar groups of rice (Sakamoto et al., 1995; Valdez-Alarcon et al., 1996). The two sequences are 98% identical and the gene from japonica rice was mapped to chromosome 1 (Sakamoto et al., 1995). The OsSPS8 (AP004041) gene has been independently annotated in the database on the basis of a full length cDNA sequence (AK101676). The OsSPS2 gene is also represented by full length, but unannotated, cDNA sequences (AK065273 and AK098898). The OsSPS6 and OsSPS11 sequences were derived from unannotated genomic sequence as described below.

The cDNA sequences were deduced from genomic DNA sequences by comparison with related rice or wheat cDNA sequences and ESTs where available, and otherwise by comparison of conceptual translations of the genomic sequence with known SPS protein sequences. The component genomic and cDNA sequences are indicated in the headings. Protein coding regions are shown in upper case, with the start and stop codons highlighted in bold, and the 5´- and 3´-UTRs are shown in lowercase. Deduced protein sequences from unannotated cDNA sequences are also shown.

In addition to these five SPS genes, there is a 339-bp open reading frame (ORF) on chromosome 10 that is annotated as a putative SPS (NM_197662). Although this ORF shows 93-95% identity with parts of exons 9 and 10 of OsSPS11, it lacks the region encoding the catalytic glucosyltransferase domain and so is too short to encode a functional SPS protein. No other SPS-like sequences were found in the vicinity of this ORF on chromosome 10. Furthermore, the ORF is not represented among the rice ESTs, so we conclude that it is a pseudogene and is perhaps a remnant from an ancient duplication event.

OsSPS6 (D family, sub-family IV) [1-2378: AP003523 (japonica cv. Nipponbare HTGS), AP003568 (japonica cv. Nipponbare HTGS) and AAAA010009 (indica cv. 93-11 WGS)]. The OsSPS6 gene sequence was assembled out of fragments of genomic sequence from japonica rice cv. Nipponbare (AP003523 and AP003568) in the high throughput genome sequence (HTGS) database and from indica rice cv. 93-11 (AAAA010009) in the whole genome shotgun sequence (WGS) database. Exons and introns were assigned, where possible, by comparison with a partial OsSPS6 cDNA sequence (AK071732), OsSPS6-derived ESTs and the related TaSPSIVa sequence from wheat, and otherwise by comparison of the protein translation of the rice genomic sequence with known SPS sequences.

ATGTACGGCAACGACAACTGGATCAACAGCTACCTGGATGCCATCCTCGACGCCGGCAAG

GGCGCCGCCGCCTCGGCCTCGGCCTCGGCGGTGGGTGGGGGAGGCGGAGCGGGGGACCGC

CCCTCGCTCCTCCTCCGCGAGCGCGGCCACTTCTCCCCCGCGCGGTACTTCGTCGAGGAG

GTCATCACCGGCTACGACGAGACCGACCTCTACAAGACATGGCTCCGCGCGAACGCGATG

CGGAGCCCGCAGGAGAAGAACACGAGGCTGGAGAACATGACGTGGAGGATCTGGAACCTC

GCCAGGAAGAAGAAGGAGTTGGAGAAGGAGGAAGCCAATCGCTTGTTGAAACGCCGTCTA

GAGACAGAGAGGCCACGGGTTGAGACTACTTCAGATATGTCGGAAGATCTCTTTGAAGGT

GAGAAGGGAGAGGATGCTGGTGATCCTTCTGTTGCCTATGGTGACAGCACAACTGGGAAC

ACACCTAGGATCAGTTCAGTTGACAAGCTGTACATAGTGTTGATCAGCCTTCATGGCCTG

GTCCGTGGTGAGAACATGGAGCTTGGCCGTGATTCAGATACTGGCGGACAGGTCAAGTAT

GTTGTGGAACTTGCTAAAGCATTGAGCTCATGTCCTGGAGTTTACCGGGTTGATCTTTTT

ACAAGACAGATCTTAGCGCCAAATTTTGATCGTAGCTATGGTGAACCAGTGGAACCTTTG

GCATCAACAAGCTTCAAGAATTTTAAGCAGGAAAGAGGAGAGAATAGTGGTGCATATATC

ATCCGAATACCATTTGGACCAAAAGACAAATATCTAGCTAAGGAACATCTCTGGCCTTTC

ATTCAAGAATTTGTTGATGGCGCCCTCAGTCATATAGTGAAGATGTCAAGGGCCATAGGT

GAAGAAATCAGCTGTGGGCATCCGGCGTGGCCTGCTGTGATTCATGGTCATTATGCTAGT

GCAGGAGTTGCTGCTGCTCTACTGTCAGGAGCACTTAATGTTCCCATGGTCTTTACAGGG

CATTTTCTTGGGAAAGATAAGTTGGAAGAGCTTCTCAAGCAAGGGAGACAGACAAGGGAG

CAAATAAACATGACATACAAAATAATGTGTAGAATTGAGGCAGAGGAGTTGGCTCTTGAT

GCATCTGAAATAGTTATAGCAAGCACTAGGCAAGAGATAGAAGAGCAATGGAATTTGTAT

GACGGTTTTGAGGTCATACTTGCAAGGAAACTCCGTGCAAGAGTCAAGCGTGGTGCTAAC

TGCTATGGTCGCTATATGCCTCGTATGGTTATCATTCCCCCAGGTGTTGAATTTGGCCAT

ATGATTCATGACTTCGATATGGATGGTGAGGAAGATGGTCCATCCCCAGCCTCTGAAGAT

CCATCTATTTGGTCCGAGATAATGCGGTTCTTTACAAACCCTAGGAAACCTATGATTCTG

GCAGTTGCTCGCCCTTATCCTGAAAAGAATATTACTACTCTTGTGAAGGCGTTTGGTGAG

TGCCGACCACTGAGGGAGCTTGCTAATCTAACATTGATAATGGGAAACCGTGAGGCTATT

TCCAAGATGCATAATATGAGTGCAGCTGTTTTGACATCAGTACTTACATTGATTGATGAA

TATGATTTGTATGGTCAAGTGGCATACCCAAAGCGTCACAAACACTCGGAAGTTCCTGAT

ATTTACCGTTTAGCAGTGAGAACAAAGGGTGCTTTTGTAAATGTGCCTTACTTTGAACAG

TTCGGTGTCACCTTGATAGAGGCTGCCATGCATGGTTTGCCTGTAATTGCAACAAAAAAT

GGAGCTCCTGTTGAAATTCACCAGGTGCTGGACAATGGTCTCCTTGTTGATCCCCATGAT

CAGCATGCAATTGCAGATGCACTCTATAAACTCCTTTCTGAAAAACAACTTTGGTCAAAA

TGCCGAGAGAATGGGCTGAAAAATATACATCAGTTTTCTTGGCCTGAACATTGCAAGAAT

TACTTGTCAAGGATATCAACTCTTGGCCCAAGGCATCCTGCTTTTGCAAGCAATGAAGAC

CGGATTAAGGCACCTATTAAGGGAAGGAAGCATGTCACTGTTATTGCTGTAGATTCTGTC

AGTAAGGAAGATCTGATTCGCATTGTCAGAAATTCTATCGAGGCTGCACGTAAAGAAAAT

TTGTCAGGATCGACAGGTTTTGTGTTGTCAACTTCCCTGACAATAGGGGAGATACATTCT

CTATTAATGTCTGCTGGCATGCTTCCTACTGATTTCGATGCTTTCATATGCAATAGTGGA

AGTGATTTGTATTATCCTTCATGTACTGGTGATACACCAAGCAACTCCCGTGTTACATTT

GCATTAGATCGTAGTTACCAATCACATATAGAGTATCATTGGGGAGGAGAAGGTTTAAGG

AAATATCTAGTGAAGTGGGCTTCTTCCGTGGTAGAAAGAAGAGGGAGGATTGAAAAACAA

GTTATCTTCGAAGATCCAGAGCACTCTTCAACATACTGTCTTGCATTTAAAGTGGTCAAT

CCAAATCATTTACCTCCTTTAAAGGAGCTGCAAAAGTTGATGAGAATTCAGTCACTCCGT

TGTCACGCTCTGTATAACCATGGTGCTACCAGACTATCTGTAATTCCAATCCACGCATCA

CGGTCTAAGGCTCTAAGGTACTTATCTGTTCGCTGGGGCATAGAGTTGCAAAATGTGGTG

GTTCTTGTTGGTGAAACTGGTGATTCAGATTACGAAGAATTGTTTGGAGGTCTTCATAAG

ACGGTCATCCTTAAGGGTGAATTCAACACATCTGCAAATAGAATCCATTCTGTTAGGCGG

TATCCTTTACAAGATGTTGTTGCACTTGATAGCCCAAACATCATTGGAATTGAGGGTTAT

GGCACTGATGACATGAGGTCTGCTCTGAAACAACTGGATATACGGGCACAGTGAcaccaa

gcccccatctgtttatcattaatatatgaagaaaaccagtggacgatacaaagacagcaa

acaaacactagcatttccatacttgatggagatgccgattttgccatgtaagtcatgtag

tttatgtgtgtggtccttgagctgtgaatagcattccgaaatctcatcccattgagattt

tggtatgtggcaattttggagtaaaaatcgattccatccaggaatacggacaaaagaaat

tggttacaatgttgataatgaaaaacatgttaaggaagcattaattcagcaagaaaagct

tccaaaatcactacaattcttggccaagcttgcaatttccctttttttgaagtggaagct

tatgttgtgtgtttactgctgggtggaccatatggccctggcagcccttctttactatgt

ttactccaggagggctgcctagctttcgtgtaagtattgtttgacacgatggttcattct

atatatccaaagttttgttgagatc

OsPS11 (B family = family 1) [1-3321: AAAA010009 (indica cv. 93-11 HTGS)]. The OsSPS11 gene sequence was assembled from japonica (AC135258) and indica (AAA010009) genomic sequence fragments.

ATGGCGGTGGGGAACGAGTGGATCAACGGGTACCTGGAGGCGATCCTGGACGCCGGCGTG

AAGCTGCGGGAGCAGCGAGGGGCGGCGGCGGTGCAGCTGCCGCCGCTGCTGCCGGCGCCG

GAGGACGCCGCGTCGGCGGTGGCGACGGCGGCGACGTACAGCCCGACGAGGTACTTCGTG

GAGGAGGTCGTCAGCCGCTTCGACGACCGCGACCTCCACAAGACGTGGACCAAGGTGGTG

GCGATGAGGAACAGCCAGGAGAGGAACAACCGGCTGGAGAACCTGTGCTGGAGGATCTGG

AACGTCGCGAGGAGGAAGAAGCAGGTGGAGTGGGAATTCTCGCGACAGCTGTCTCGCCGG

CGGCTGGAGCAGGAGCTTGGCAGCCGGGAGGCCGCCGCCGACCTCTCGGAGCTCTCCGAG

GGTGAGAAGGACGGCAAGCCGGACACTCACCCTCCACCGCCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGAA

GCGGCGGCCGACGACGGCGGCGGCGGCGATCACCAGCAGCAGCAGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCG

CATCAGCTCAGCCGGTTCGCCCGGATCAACTCCGACCCCCGGATCGTCTCCGACGAGGAG

GAGGAGGTCACCACCGACCGGAACCTCTACATCGTGCTCATCAGCATTCATGGGCTCGTG

CGGGGCGAGAACATGGAGCTCGGCCGAGACTCTGACACCGGGGGCCAGGTGAAGTACGCG

GTGGAGTTGGCGCGGGCGCTGGCGGCGACGCCGGGGGTGCACCGCGTCGACCTCCTGACG

CGGCAGATCTCGTGCCCGGACGTCGACTGGACCTACGGCGAGCCCGTCGAGATGCTCACC

GTCCCGGCTGCCGACGCCGACGACGAAGACGGCGGCGGCGGCTCGTCCGGCGGCGCGTAC

ATCGTGCGGCTGCCGTGCGGGCCGCGCGACAAGTACCTCCCCAAGGAGTCGCTCTGGCCG

CACATCCCGGAGTTCGTCGACCGCGCTCTGGCGCACGTCACCAACGTGGCGCGCGCGCTC

GGCGAGCAGCTCTCGCCGCCGCCGCCGTCCGATGGCGCGGGCGCGGCGGCGCAGGCGGTG

TGGCCGTACGTGATCCACGGGCACTACGCGGACGCGGCGGAGGTGGCGGCGCTGCTGGCG

AGCGCGCTGAACGTGCCGATGGTGATGACGGGGCACTCGCTGGGGCGGAACAAGCTGGAG

CAGCTGCTGAAGCTGGGGCGCATGCCGCGCGCCGAGATCCAGGGCACGTACAAGATCGCG

CGGCGGATCGAGGCGGAGGAGACCGGCCTCGACGCCGCCGACATGGTGGTGACGAGCACC

AAGCAGGAGATCGAGGAGCAGTGGGGGCTCTACGACGGGTTCGACCTCAAGGTGGAGCGC

AAGCTCCGCGTCCGCCGCCGCCGCGGCGTCAGCTGCCTCGGCCGCTACATGCCGCGCATG

GTCGTCATCCCCCCCGGCATGGACTTCAGCTACGTCGACACCCAGGACCTCGCCGGCGAC

GGCGCCGGCGGCGCCGGCGACGCCGCCGACCTGCAGCTGCTCATCAACCCCAACAAGGCC

AAGAAGCCCCTCCCTCCCATCTGGTCGGAGGTGCTCCGGTTCTTCACGAACCCTCACAAG

CCGATGATCCTCGCGCTGTCGCGGCCGGACCCGAAGAAGAACGTCACCACGCTGCTCAAG

GCGTACGGCGAGAGCCGCCATCTCCGGGAGCTCGCCAACCTGACGCTGATACTGGGGAAC

AGGGACGACATCGAGGAGATGTCCGGCGGCGCGGCGACGGTGCTGACGGCGGTGCTGAAG

CTGATCGACCGGTACGACCTCTACGGCCAGGTCGCCTACCCCAAGCACCACAAGCAGACC

GACGTGCCGCACATCTACCGCCTCGCCGCCAAGACCAAGGGTGTGTTCATCAATCCTGCT

CTTGTCGAGCCATTCGGCCTCACCATCATAGAGGCTGCTGCATATGGGTTGCCGGTAGTG

GCGACGAAGAACGGCGGGCCGGTGGACATCCTCAAGGTGCTGAGCAACGGGCTGCTGGTG

GACCCGCACGACGCGGCGGCGATCACCGCCGCGCTGCTCAGCCTGCTCGCCGACAAGTCC

CGGTGGTCGGAGTGCCGCCGCAGCGGCCTCCGCAACATCCACCGCTTCTCCTGGCCGCAC

CACTGCCGCCTCTACCTCTCCCACGTCGCCGCCAGCTGCGACCACCCGGCACCGCACCAG

CTGCTCCGCGTCCCGCCCTCCCCGTCCTCCTCCTCCGCCGCCTCCGCCGCCGCCGGTGGC

GGCGGCGCGGCCGCCTCCTCCGAGCCGCTCTCCGACTCGCTGCGCGATCTCTCGCTCCGC

ATCTCCGTGGACGCCGCGTCGCCTGACCTCAGCGCTGGGGACTCCGCCGCGGCAATCTTG

GACGCGCTCCGCAGGCGCCGGTCCACCGACAGGCCGGCGGCGAGCTCTGCCGCCAGGGCG

ATCGGGTTCGCGCCGGGACGGCGTCAGAGCCTCCTCGTCGTCGCCGTCGACTGCTACGGC

GACGACGGGAAGCCGAACGTGGAGCAGCTCAAGAAGGTGGTCGAGCTGGCGATGTCGGCC

GGCGACGGCGACGACGCCGGCGGGAGGGGATACGTTCTTTCCACCGGCATGACCATCCCC

GAGGCCGTCGACGCGCTCAGGGCATGCGGCGCCGACCCGGCCGGCTTCGACGCGCTGATC

TGCAGCAGCGGCGCGGAGATCTGCTACCCGTGGAAGGGGGAGCAGCTCGCCGCCGACGAG

GAGTACGCCGGGCACGTGGCGTTCCGGTGGCCCGGCGACCACGTGAGGTCCGCGGTGCCG

AGGCTCGGGAAGGCCGACGGCGCGCAGGAGGCGGACCTCGCCGTCGACGCCGCCGCCTGC

TCCGTGCACTGCCACGCCTACGCCGCCAAGGACGCGTCCAAGGTGAAGAAGGTCGACTGG

ATCAGGCAGGCGCTGCGGATGCGCGGCTTCCGGTGCAACCTCGTCTACACGCGCGCGTGC

ACGCGCCTCAACGTCGTCCCGCTCTCCGCCTCCCGGCCGCGCGCGCTCAGGTACCTGTCG

ATACAGTGGGGGATCGACCTGTCCAAGGTGGCGGTGCTCGTCGGCGAGAAGGGCGACACC

GACAGGGAGCGCCTCCTCCCGGGGCTGCACAGGACGGTGATCCTGCCGGGGATGGTCGCC

GCCGGCAGCGAGGAGCTCCTCCGCGACGAGGACGGGTTCACCACGGAGGACGTCGTGGCC

ATGGACTCCCCCAACATCGTCACCCTCGCCGACGGCCAGGACATCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCC

GACCTCCTCAAGGCCATCTGA

Rice SPS2 (D-family, sub-family III) [CDS: 126-3017 bp of AK065273 (cDNA)]

MAGNDNWINSYLDAILDAGKAAIGGDRPSLLLRERGHFSPARYFVEEVITGYDETDLYKT

WLRANAMRSPQERNTRLENMTWRIWNLARKKKEFEKEEACRLLKRQPEAEKLRTDTNADM

SEDLFEGEKGEDAGDPSVAYGDSTTGSSPKTSSIDKLYIVLISLHGLVRGENMELGRDSD

TGGQVKYVVELAKALSSSPGVYRVDLLTRQILAPNFDRSYGEPTEMLVSTSFKNSKQEKG

ENSGAYIIRIPFGPKDKYLAKEHLWPFIQEFVDGALGHIVRMSKTIGEEIGCGHPVWPAV

IHGHYASAGIAAALLSGSLNIPMAFTGHFLGKDKLEGLLKQGRHSREQINMTYKIMCRIE

AEELSLDASEIVIASTRQEIEEQWNLYDGFEVILARKLRARVKRGANCYGRYMPRMVIIP

PGVEFGHIIHDFEMDGEEENPCPASEDPPIWSQIMRFFTNPRKPMILAVARPYPEKNITS

LVKAFGECRPLRELANLTLIMGNREAISKMNNMSAAVLTSVLTLIDEYDLYGQVAYPKHH

KHSEVPDIYRLAARTKGAFVNVAYFEQFGVTLIEAAMNGLPIIATKNGAPVEINQVLNNG

LLVDPHDQNAIADALYKLLSDKQLWSRCRENGLKNIHQFSWPEHCKNYLSRILTLGPRSP

AIGGKQEQKAPISGRKHIIVISVDSVNKEDLVRIIRNTIEVTHTEKLSGSTGFVLSTSLT

ISEIRSLLVSAGMLPTVFDAFICNSGSNIYYPLYSGDTPSSSQVTPAIDQNHQAHIEYRW

GGEGLRKYLVKWATSVVERKGRIERQIIFEDPEHSSTYCLAFRVVNPNHLPPLKELRKLM

RIQSLRCNALYNHSATRLSVVPIHASRSQALRYLCIRWGIELPNVAVLVGESGDSDYEEL

LGGLHRTVILKGEFNIPANRIHTVRRYPLQDVVALDSSNIIGIEGYSTDDMKSALQQIGV

LTQ

Rice SPS6 (D family, sub-family IV)

MYGNDNWINSYLDAILDAGKGAAASASASAVGGGGGAGDRPSLLLRERGHFSPARYFVEE

VITGYDETDLYKTWLRANAMRSPQEKNTRLENMTWRIWNLARKKKELEKEEANRLLKRRL

ETERPRVETTSDMSEDLFEGEKGEDAGDPSVAYGDSTTGNTPRISSVDKLYIVLISLHGL

VRGENMELGRDSDTGGQVKYVVELAKALSSCPGVYRVDLFTRQILAPNFDRSYGEPVEPL

ASTSFKNFKQERGENSGAYIIRIPFGPKDKYLAKEHLWPFIQEFVDGALSHIVKMSRAIG

EEISCGHPAWPAVIHGHYASAGVAAALLSGALNVPMVFTGHFLGKDKLEELLKQGRQTRE

QINMTYKIMCRIEAEELALDASEIVIASTRQEIEEQWNLYDGFEVILARKLRARVKRGAN

CYGRYMPRMVIIPPGVEFGHMIHDFDMDGEEDGPSPASEDPSIWSEIMRFFTNPRKPMIL

AVARPYPEKNITTLVKAFGECRPLRELANLTLIMGNREAISKMHNMSAAVLTSVLTLIDE

YDLYGQVAYPKRHKHSEVPDIYRLAVRTKGAFVNVPYFEQFGVTLIEAAMHGLPVIATKN

GAPVEIHQVLDNGLLVDPHDQHAIADALYKLLSEKQLWSKCRENGLKNIHQFSWPEHCKN

YLSRISTLGPRHPAFASNEDRIKAPIKGRKHVTVIAVDSVSKEDLIRIVRNSIEAARKEN

LSGSTGFVLSTSLTIGEIHSLLMSAGMLPTDFDAFICNSGSDLYYPSCTGDTPSNSRVTF

ALDRSYQSHIEYHWGGEGLRKYLVKWASSVVERRGRIEKQVIFEDPEHSSTYCLAFKVVN

PNHLPPLKELQKLMRIQSLRCHALYNHGATRLSVIPIHASRSKALRYLSVRWGIELQNVV

VLVGETGDSDYEELFGGLHKTVILKGEFNTSANRIHSVRRYPLQDVVALDSPNIIGIEGY

GTDDMRSALKQLDIRAQ

Rice SPS8 (A family = family 2) [CDS: 196-3396 bp of AK101676 (cDNA)]

MAGNDWINSYLEAILDAGGAAGEISAAAGGGGDGAAATGEKRDKSSLMLRERGRFSPARY

FVEEVISGFDETDLYKTWVRTAAMRSPQERNTRLENMSWRIWNLARKKKQIEGEEASRLA

KQRLEREKARRYAAADMSEDLSEGEKGENINESSSTHDESTRGRMPRIGSTDAIEAWASQ

HKDKKLYIVLISIHGLIRGENMELGRDSDTGGQVKYVVELARALGSTPGVYRVDLVTRQI

SAPDVDWSYGEPTEMLSPRNSENFGHDMGESSGAYIVRIPFGPRDKYIPKEHLWPHIQEF

VDGALVHIMQMSKVLGEQVGSGQLVWPVVIHGHYADAGDSAALLSGALNVPMIFTGHSLG

RDKLEQLLKQGRQTRDEINTIYKIMRRIEAEELCLDASEIIITSTRQEIEQQWGLYDGFD

LTMARKLRARIKRGVSCYGRYMPRMIAVPPGMEFSHIVPHDVDQDGEEANEDGSGSTDPP

IWADIMRFFSNPRKPMILALARPDPKKNITTLVKAFGEHRELRNLANLTLIMGNRDVIDE

MSSTNSAVLTSILKLIDKYDLYGQVAYPKHHKQSEVPDIYRLAARTKGVFINCAFIEPFG

LTLIEAAAYGLPMVATRNGGPVDIHRVLDNGILVDPHNQNEIAEALYKLVSDKQLWAQCR

QNGLKNIHQFSWPEHCKNYLSRVGTLKPRHPRWQKSDDATEVSEADSPGDSLRDVHDISL

NLKLSLDSEKSSTKENSVRRNLEDAVQKLSRGVSANRKTESVENMEATTGNKWPSLRRRK

HIVVIAIDSVQDANLVEIIKNIFVASSNERLSGSVGFVLSTSRAISEVHSLLTSGGIEAT

DFDAFICNSGSDLCYPSSNSEDMLSPAELPFMIDLDYHTQIEYRWGGEGLRKTLIRWAAE

KSEGGQVVLVEDEECSSTYCISFRVKNAEAVPPVKELRKTMRIQALRCHVLYSHDGSKLN

VIPVLASRSQALRYLYIRWGVELSNMTVVVGESGDTDYEGLLGGVHKTIILKGSFNAVPN

QVHAARSYSLQDVISFDKPGITSIEGYSPDNLKSALQQFGILKDNV

Rice SPS11 (C family = family 1)

MAVGNEWINGYLEAILDAGVKLREQRGAAAVQLPPLLPAPEDAASAVATAATYSPTRYFV

EEVVSRFDDRDLHKTWTKVVAMRNSQERNNRLENLCWRIWNVARRKKQVEWEFSRQLSRR

RLEQELGSREAAADLSELSEGEKDGKPDTHPPPPAAAAAEAAADDGGGGDHQQQQPPPPP

HQLSRFARINSDPRIVSDEEEEVTTDRNLYIVLISIHGLVRGENMELGRDSDTGGQVKYA

VELARALAATPGVHRVDLLTRQISCPDVDWTYGEPVEMLTVPAADADDEDGGGGSSGGAY

IVRLPCGPRDKYLPKESLWPHIPEFVDRALAHVTNVARALGEQLSPPPPSDGAGAAAQAV

WPYVIHGHYADAAEVAALLASALNVPMVMTGHSLGRNKLEQLLKLGRMPRAEIQGTYKIA

RRIEAEETGLDAADMVVTSTKQEIEEQWGLYDGFDLKVERKLRVRRRRGVSCLGRYMPRM

VVIPPGMDFSYVDTQDLAGDGAGGAGDAADLQLLINPNKAKKPLPPIWSEVLRFFTNPHK

PMILALSRPDPKKNVTTLLKAYGESRHLRELANLTLILGNRDDIEEMSGGAATVLTAVLK

LIDRYDLYGQVAYPKHHKQTDVPHIYRLAAKTKGVFINPALVEPFGLTIIEAAAYGLPVV

ATKNGGPVDILKVLSNGLLVDPHDAAAITAALLSLLADKSRWSECRRSGLRNIHRFSWPH

HCRLYLSHVAASCDHPAPHQLLRVPPSPSSSSAASAAAGGGGAAASSEPLSDSLRDLSLR

ISVDAASPDLSAGDSAAAILDALRRRRSTDRPAASSAARAIGFAPGRRQSLLVVAVDCYG

DDGKPNVEQLKKVVELAMSAGDGDDAGGRGYVLSTGMTIPEAVDALRACGADPAGFDALI

CSSGAEICYPWKGEQLAADEEYAGHVAFRWPGDHVRSAVPRLGKADGAQEADLAVDAAAC

SVHCHAYAAKDASKVKKVDWIRQALRMRGFRCNLVYTRACTRLNVVPLSASRPRALRYLS

IQWGIDLSKVAVLVGEKGDTDRERLLPGLHRTVILPGMVAAGSEELLRDEDGFTTEDVVA

MDSPNIVTLADGQDIAAAAADLLKAI

Appendix C. Maize SPS cDNA and protein sequences derived from unannotated genomic and cDNA sequences. Non-contiguous genome survey sequence (GSS) assemblies were linked by overlapping maize cDNA (EST) sequences where possible, and otherwise by overlapping sorghum or sugarcane cDNA sequences. These two species are closely related to maize, with all three species belonging to the Andropogoneae tribe within the Poaceae (Gaut, 2002), and orthologous sequences from the three species, especially sorghum and maize, have very high similarity (See Supplemental Data, Appendix D). The cDNA sequences were deduced by comparison with related maize, sorghum, sugarcane or rice cDNAs or ESTs where available, and otherwise by comparison of conceptual translations of the genomic sequence with known SPS protein sequences. The component genomic and cDNA sequences are indicated in the heading. Protein coding regions are shown in upper case, with the start and stop codons highlighted in bold, and the 5´- and 3´-UTRs are shown in lowercase. Non-maize segments are underlined.

The original full length maize SPS cDNA sequence (Worrell et al., 1991) belongs to family V. The corresponding genomic sequence, designated ZmSPS5a, was assembled into two contigs, leaving the 3´-end of the second intron and 420 bp of coding sequence not covered by genomic sequence (Fig. 3). Comparison with the other maize and rice genes (Figs 2 and 3) suggests that the missing genomic sequence would include a further intron between bases 609 and 610 of the coding region. This is supported by the presence of the canonical AG^ and ^GT flanking sequences at this position in the cDNA sequence around the putative splice site (^). From this we infer that the ZmSPS5a gene probably has 12 exons. The family V-like genomic fragment (ZmSPS5d) only contains sequence corresponding to the deduced exon 3 and part of exon 4 of the ZmSPS5a gene and is bordered downstream by an Rp1-D rust resistance gene-like sequence (Fig. 3). We found no ESTs corresponding to the ZmSPS5d sequence, which is most likely to be a pseudogene. Interestingly, it appears to have retained the canonical AG^GT splice site sequence at exactly the position where the putative missing third intron in ZmSPS5a would be expected to start (Fig. 3).

ZmSPS1 [1-2897: CG320417, BZ709543, BZ709537, CC609839, CG320429, CC722586, CC609827, CG257173, CC461280, CC655096, CC640591, CC639439, BZ417567, CG257183, CC722576, CC639443, BZ658429,CC655107, BZ658444, BZ828094, BZ822376, BZ828100, BZ736355, CC627270, CG342628, BZ736346, CG342619, CC627275, CG069314, CG069313, CG363346, CG441265, CG379748, CG450606, CG445658 and CG363337 (GSS); 2896-2936: Sorgum bicolor AW672411 and AW672444 (EST); 2937-3156: CG457869 and CG457830 (GSS)]. The genomic sequence covers 99% of the predicted protein coding region of ZmSPS1, with a single gap in intron 10 extending for an estimated 39 bp into exon 11 (Fig. 3). This gap was bridged by two sorghum ESTs (AW672411 and AW672444) that have 96% identity in the 359-bp overlap with the maize sequence. The 39 bp of sequence missing from exon 11 corresponds to the highly conserved 13-aa peptide: YLSIQWGIDLXKV, in the predicted protein sequences from orthologous sorghum (AW672444; X=D), wheat (TaSPS1; X=A), rice (OsSPS11; X=S), and Festuca arundinacea (Demmer et al., 2003; X=S) sequences. Therefore, for further analysis it was assumed that the putative maize protein sequence would also contain this peptide, with a D residue in the variable 11th position as in sorghum, the closest relative of maize.

ATGGCGGCGGGGAACGAGTGGATCAACGGGTACCTGGAGGCGATCCTGGACGCGGGCACG

AGGCTGCGCGGGCCGTGGCAGCAGCAGGGCGGCGCGGCTTCGCTGACGGCCGCGCTGCCG

AGGCTGCTGGCGGAGGCCGGCGGCCAGCAGGGCGCCGCGGCGTACAGCCCGACGCGCTAC

TTCGTGGAGGAGGTGGTGAGCCGCTTCGACGACCGCGACCTCCACAAGACGTGGACCAAG

GTGGTGGCGATGCGCAACAGCCAGGAGCGGAGCAACCGGCTGGTGAACCTGTGCTGGAGG

ATCTGGCACGTCGCGAGGAAGAAGAAGCAGGTGCAACGGGAGTACGCGCGGCAGCTGGCG

CAGCGGCGCCTGGAGCAGGAGCTGGGCAGCCGGGAGGCCGCCGAGGAGCTCTCCGATGGC

GAGAAGGACGGCGCCCCCGACGCCGCCCAGCAGCCTGTGTCGGTGGCGGCGCCCGACGGC

CGGATCGCCAGGATCGGGTCCGAGGCCCGGATCGTGTCGGACGACGAGGGCGGGGACGGC

GGCAAGGACGACAGGAACCTCTACATCGTGCTCATCAGCATACACGGGCTCGTCCGTGGC

GAGAACATGGAGCTCGGCCGTGACGCTGACACCGGGGGGCAGGTGAAGTATGTGGTGGAG

CTGGCCCGGGCGCTGGCGGCGACCGCCGGCGTGCACCGCGTGGACCTACTCACGCGCCAG

ATCTCCTGCCCGGACGTCGATTGGACCTACGGGGAGCCCGTCGAGATGATCACCCATCAG

GCCGACGACGGCGACGGCAGCGGCGGCGGGGCCTACATCGTGCGCCTCCCGTGCGGGCCC

CGCGACAAGTACCTCCCCAAGGAGTCCCTGTGGCCGCACATCCCCGAGTTCGTGGACCGC

GCGCTGGCGCACGTCACCAACGTCGCGCGCGCGCTGGGGGACCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCCC

GACGCCGGCGCGGGCGCGGGCGCGGCCGCCCCGGTGTGGCCGTACGTGGTCCACGGCCAC

TACGCGGACGCGGCGGAGGCGGCGGCGCACCTGGCCAGCGCGCTCAACGTGCCCATGGTC

ATGACGGGCCACTCCCTGGGGCGGAACAAGCTGGAGCAGCTGCTCAAGCTGGGCCGCATG

CCGCGCGCCGAGATCCAGGGCACCTACCGGATCGCGCGCCGAATCGAGGCCGAGGAGACC

GGCCTCGACGCCGCCGATATGGTGGTCACCAGCACCAAGCAGGAGATCGAGGAGCAGTGG

GGCCTCTACGACGGCTTCGACCTCATGGTGGAGCGCAAGCTCCGGGTGCGCCGCCGCAGG

GGCCTCAGCTGCCTCGGACGCTACATGCCGCGGATGGTCGTCATCCCGCCGGGGATGGAC

TTCAGCTACGTCGACACGCAGGACCTCGCTGAGGGCGACGCCGACCTGCAGATGCTCATG

AGTCCCGGCAAGGCCAAGAAGCCATTGCCTCCCATTTGGTCAGAGGTCCTGAGGTTCTTC

GTCAACCCGCACAAGCCCATGATCCTGGCGCTGTCGCGGCCGGACCCCAAGAAGAACGTC

ACCACGCTGCTCAAGGCCTATGGCGAGAGCCGCCACCTCCGCGAGCTTGCCAACCTTACA

CTGATACTGGGGAACCGGCATGATATCGAGGAGATGTCCGGCGGCGCCGCCACAGTTCTG

ACGGCAGTGCTCAAGCTCATCGACCGGTACGACCTGTACGGCTGCGTCGCCTACCCTAAG

CACCACAAGCAGACCGACGTGCCGCACATATACCGCCTTGCCGCCAAGACGAAGGGAGTG

TTCATTAATCCTGCACTTGTGGAGCCATTCGGCCTCACCCTCATAGAGGCCGCTGCGTAT

GGTCTGCCCGTGGTGGCCACCAAGAACGGCGGTCCGGTGGACATCATCAAGGCGCTGCAC

AACGGGCTGCTGGTGGACCCGCACGACGAGGCGGCGATAACGGAGGCGCTGCTCAGCCTG

CTAGCCGACAAGGCGCGGTGGGCCGAGTGCCGGCGCAACGGCCTCCGCAACATCCACCGC

TTCTCCTGGCCGCACCACTGCCGCCTCTACCTCTCCCACGTGGCCGCCAACTGCGACCAC

CCGGCGCCGCACCAGCTGCTCCGCGTCCCGGCCAGCCCGCGCGCCGCGCTCGCCGAGCAT

GGCACCGACGACTCCCTCTCGGAGTCGCTCCGCGGCCTCTCCATCTCCATCGACGCCTCG

CACGACCTCAAGGCCGGGGACTCCGCCGCGGCCATCATGGACGCGCTCCGCCGGCGCCGC

TCCGCCGACCGGCCGCCGAGCTCGGCCGCGAGGGCGATCGGGCACGCGCCGGGCCGGCGG

CAGGGTCTCCTCGTCCTCGCCGTCGACTGCTACAACGGCGACGGCACACCGGACGCCGAG

CGGATGAAGAAAGCTGTCGACCTGGCGCTGTCGGCGGCGGCAGCGGCCGGCGGCCGGCTC

GGGTGCGTCCTGTCGACCGGGATGACCATAGCCGAGGCCGCGGACGCGCTCAGCGCCTGC

GGCGTCGACCCGGCCGGCTTCGACGCGCTCGTCTGCAGCAGCGGCGCGGATCTCTGCTAC

CCGTGGAGGGAGGTCGCGGCGGACGACGAGTACGCGGGGCACGTGGCGTTCCGGTGGCCC

GGGAACCACGTGCGCGCGGCCGTGCCGAGGCTCGGAAAGGCCGAGGGCGCGCAGGAGGCG

GACCTCGCCTTCGACGAGGCCGCCTGCTCCGGGCCTTGCCACGCCTACGCCGCGGCGGGC

GCGTCTAAGGTGAAGAAGGTGGACTCGATCCGGCAGTCGCTGCGCATGCGCGGGTTCCGG

TGCAACCTCGTGTACACGCGCGCGTGCACGCGCCTCAACGTCATCCCGCTCTCGGCGTCG

CGGCCGCGCGCGCTCAGGTACCTGTCGATACAGTGGGGCATCGACCTGGACAAGGTGGCC

GTGCTCGTGGGCGACAAGGGCGACACCGACCGCGAACGGCTGCTCCCTGGCCTGCACAGA

ACGCTGGTCCTGCCGGAGCTAGTTTGCCACGGCAGCGAGGAGCTGCGCCGCGACCAAGAC

GGGTTTCTGGCAGAGGACGTCGTCTCCATGGACTCCCCGAATATCCTCACCCTCGCCGAG

TACCAGGCGGCGGTCGACATCCTCAAGGCTATTTGA

ZmSPS2 [1-2428: CG368022, CC402284, CC402281, CG368015, CC638981, CG456169, CC044164, CG456129, CG266316, CG128856, CC429603, CC429606, CG128859, BZ708827, CC004963, CC989506, BZ708812, CC742796, CC199476 and CC789337 (GSS); 2429-2693: AW257903 (EST); 2694-3670: CC777626, BZ684004 and CG053750(GSS)]. The full length protein coding region was derived from genomic sequence except for 266 bp from the middle of exon 11 that were derived from two maize ESTs (AW257903, CD997541) (Fig. 3). A gap in intron 3 was bridged by two sorghum ESTs (BG053850 and BF655583) that are >96% identical to the overlapping maize sequence, and a gap in intron 12 was bridged by seven maize ESTs.