Aleksza Honors Chemistry 2013-14

Percentage of Water in Popcorn

(adapted from: http://ths1.ttsd.k12.or.us/departments/science/sci_staff/rmassey/chem/percentage_popcorn2.pdf)

Background:

Popcorn pops because of the natural moisture inside each kernel. When the internal water is heated above 100°C, the liquid water changes to a gas, which takes up much more space than the liquid, so the kernel expands rapidly.

The percentage of water (H2O) in popcorn can be determined by the following equation:


initial mass- final massfinal mass*100=percentage of water in unpopped popcorn

The popping process works best when the kernels are first coated with a small amount of vegetable oil. Make sure you account for the presence of this oil when measuring masses.

Materials:

Unpopped popcorn 250 ml beaker vegetable oil

Balance weighboats hot plate

Tongs hot hands aluminum foil

Safety:

·  Hot glass looks like cold glass, use proper heat precautions.

·  The popcorn is for testing only, and must not be eaten.

·  Splash goggles are to be worn for this lab.

Procedures:

1. Add a small amount of vegetable oil to a 250 mL beaker to coat the bottom of it.

Measure the mass of the beaker and oil. Record the mass in the Data Table.

2. Turn on the hot plate to a medium-high setting. (DO NOT SET TO MAXIMUM!)

3. Add 20 kernels of popcorn to the beaker. Shake the beaker gently to coat the kernels

with oil. Measure the mass of the beaker, oil, and popcorn. Record the mass in the

Data Table.

4. Cover the beaker loosely with the aluminum foil. Punch a few small holes in the

aluminum foil to let moisture escape. These holes should not be large enough to let the

popping corn pass through.

5. Heat the popcorn until the majority of the kernels have popped. The popcorn pops

more efficiently if the beaker is held firmly with tongs and gently shaken side to side.

6. Remove the beaker from the hot plate and allow it to cool for 10 minutes.

7. Remove the aluminum foil from the beaker and measure the mass of the beaker, oil,

and popped corn. Record the mass in the Data Table.

8. Shake the popcorn into a trashcan and clean the beaker with a small amount of dish

soap.

9. Repeat steps 1-7 two more times for a total of three (3) trials.

10. Turn off the hot plate. Clean the beaker and work area. Wash your hands thoroughly before leaving the laboratory.

Data:

Before Heating / Mass (g) Trial 1 / Mass (g) Trial 2 / Mass (g) Trial 3
Mass of 250 mL beaker + oil
Mass of beaker + oil + 20 kernels
After Heating (removes water) / Mass (g) Trial 1 / Mass (g) Trial 2 / Mass (g) Trial 3
Mass of beaker + oil + popped kernels

Analysis:

Show work using correct units and box answer.

1.  Calculate the average initial mass of the popcorn kernels.

2. Calculate the average final mass of the popcorn kernels.

3. Calculate the percentage of water in unpopped popcorn using the averages found in 1 & 2.