02.04 DBA and Exam
Module Study Guide
Lesson 02.01: Axial & Appendicular Muscles
· Be able to identify each of the following muscles from a diagram, as well as distinguish if they are axial or appendicular muscles……..
o Trapezius
o Deltoid
o Triceps
o Biceps
o Pectoralis Major
o Rectus Abdominus
o Quadriceps
o Gastrocnemius
Lesson 2.02: Muscle Tissue
· Describe the structure and function of each muscle, as well as being able to identify each from a diagram……..
o Smooth Muscle
o Skeletal Muscle
o Cardiac Muscle
· Which type of muscle contracts without nervous stimulation?
· Describe the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles
· Provide an example of voluntary and involuntary muscles
Lesson 2.02 Honors: Cellular Energy
· What is the cause of lactic acid buildup within our muscles?
· When anaerobic respiration takes place, what happens to the makeup of your blood?
· Identify what is found in the blood when anaerobic respiration takes place.
· Describe what occurs in the blood when lactic acid fermentation takes place.
· Describe what occurs in the blood when alcoholic fermentation takes place.
· What form of respiration involves oxygen and carbon dioxide?
· Describe the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
· What are some physical symptoms that occur when lactic acid fermentation takes place?
· Describe an organism that uses each of the following………
o Aerobic Respiration
o Anaerobic Respiration
o Lactic Acid Fermentation
o Alcoholic Fermentation
· Compare the similarities and differences between alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.
Lesson 2.03: Muscle Contraction
· What role will the sarcoplasmic reticulum play in muscle contraction?
· A decrease in ATP production is most likely to affect which portion of your muscle? Why?
· What role does calcium play in muscle contraction?
· What happens to myosin and actin as sarcomeres contract?
· What happens to myosin and actin as sarcomeres relax?
· What would occur in your muscles if there was a drastic increase in calcium production?
· What would occur in your muscles if there was a drastic decrease in calcium production?
· List the steps involved in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
Lesson 2.03 Honors: Physiology of Muscle
· Describe the functional difference between slow twitch and fast twitch fibers
· What type of respiration is performed in fast twitch fibers?
· What type of respiration is performed in slow twitch fibers?
· Which fibers are most dependent on oxygen and steady blood flow?
· What are some examples of activities that would use slow twitch fibers?
· What are some examples of activities that would use fast twitch fibers?
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