Final exam

Review Sheet

Section 001 Final exam is on Monday Dec. 18 at 7:30 a.m.

1. Final exam is comprehensive. Bring a green scantron, pencil, and your GMU ID.

3. Exam is 75 questions

4. No one can take the exam after the first student has left.

5. Study all the previous study guides and your old exams. (Trust me on this one)

CHAPTER 13: EVOLUTION

1. Who are the fathers of the theory of evolution? What is the book called that Darwin published?

2. What is the mechanism of evolution suggested by Darwin? Define natural selection. Give examples. Define artificial selection. What is the difference between them? What is "survival of the fittest"?

3. How old is the earth? What are the oldest forms of life?

4. List all the evidence to support evolution. Give examples.

5. Define population, species, gene pool, microevolution.

6. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What are the conditions for it to exist?

7. What is the formula for allele frequencies? What do p and q stand for?

8. What are the effects of the following on evolutionary change: mutation, genetic drift, founder effect, bottleneck effect, immigration, gene flow, sexual selection. Give examples of each.

8. What is the difference between these types of natural selection; stabilizing selection, directional selection, and diversifying selection?

CHAPTER 19: HUMAN EVOLUTION

  1. How are we related to Neanderthals if any? What are the primates?
  2. What is the difference between anthropoids and Hominoids?
  3. Which is the closes relative to humans? How do we know that?
  4. What are hominids?
  5. Be able to place hominids from oldest to newest. ( Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, etc…)
  6. Who is Lucy? What genus does she belong to?
  7. What was the first hominid trait to evolve?
  8. Name a few hominid traits seen as humans evolved.
  9. Where did Homo sapiens originate from?

CHAPTERS 11 and 12: DNA Cloning and Techniques

  1. What is DNA fingerprinting?
  2. What is RFLP? How do we use it?
  3. Be able to interpret a gel electrophoresis.
  4. What is PCR?
  5. What is genetic engineering? Give a general idea on how it is done.
  6. What is cloning? Who is Dolly?
  7. What is the difference between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning?
  8. Understand basic technique behind cloning.
  9. What is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?

CHAPTERS: Diversity of life

  1. What is taxonomy?
  2. How are organisms classified? Based on what?
  3. What are the 5 kingdoms of classification? Describe each
  4. What are the three domains? Describe each
  5. What is the binomial system of nomenclature?
  6. Know major characteristics of each kingdom and domain?
  7. Which are prokaryotic, eukaryotic, unicellular, multicellular, photosynthetic?
  8. What are the three groups of Archaebacteria?
  9. What is Endosymbiosis?
  10. What is the difference between bryophytes and vascular plants?
  11. What are the seedless and seed plants?
  12. What are gymnosperms and angiosperms?