Ch 3 S1: The Diversity of Cells

Introduction:

-Cell: The ______unit that can perform all the processes necessary for ______.

Cells & The Cell Theory:

-______was the first person to see cells.

-Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to see ______, which he called animalcules, and ______.

-Matthias ______concluded that plant parts were composed of cells.

-Thedor Schwann concluded that ______were composed of cells.

-Rudolf ______stated that cells could form only from other cells.

-The Cell Theory was created by Schleiden, Schwann, & Virchow based off everyone’s observations. There are __ parts

  • The cell is the ______unit of structure & function in ______living things.
  • All organisms are composed of ______cells.
  • All cells come from ______.

Cell Size:

-Cells, like a chicken egg, can be large because they ______have to take in nutrients.

-Most cells are ______because they must take in food and get rid of wastes.

-The area of a cell’s surface compared to its volume ______the cell’s size.

Parts of a Cell

-All cells have some parts in common.

  • ______: protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier.
  • ______: the fluid inside a cell
  • ______: structures that perform specific functions within a cell.
  • ______: controls the activities of a cell; may be enclosed in the nucleus or free-floating

Two Kinds of Cells

-Prokaryote: Single-celled organism with ______

  • PRO Means ______

-Eukaryote: Organism whose cells DO have a ______

Prokaryotes: Bacteria & Archaea

- Bacteria are the most common prokaryotes

- Three types of ______: heat-loving, salt-

loving, and methane-making

- heat-loving and salt-loving are called ______

  • extremophiles are organisms that live in extreme conditions

Eukaryotic Cells & Eukaryotes

-Eukaryotic cells are the largest cells and are ______larger than most bacterial cells

-Have a Nucleus

-Most Eukaryotes are ______(ex: humans, plants, fungi)