AP - Chapter 28 Study Guide

“The Affluent Society” – 1950s

KEY TERMS

MUST KNOW: / DDT / Elvis Presley
Cold War / Television / Little Richard & Chuck Berry
detente / UNIVAC / American Bandstand
decolonization / IBM / “Payola Scandals”
containment / Hydrogen Bomb (H-Bomb) / The Other America – Michael Harrington
Nuclear arsenal / Sputnik / “urban renewal”
military-industrial-complex / Yuri Gagarin / Earl Warren
Martin Luther King Jr. / NASA / “Brown II”
nonviolent protests / Apollo Program / “Massive Resistance”
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka / consumerism / “Southern Manifesto”
white resistance to desegregation / Disneyland / Little Rock Nine
“baby boom” / The Mickey Mouse Club / Rosa Parks
Sun Belt / Federal Highway Act of 1956 / Montgomery Bus Boycott
conformity / “Levittown” – Bill Levitt / Dwight D. Eisenhower
Mass culutre / tract housing / Army-McCarthy Hearings
suburbs / Dr. Benjamin Spock / John Foster Dulles, Allan Dulles
Youth rebellion / I Love Lucy / “Massive Retaliation” MAD
Echo Park / brinksmanship
ADDITIONAL TERMS: / Sierra Club / Ho Chi Minh
Keynesian Economics / The Organization Man – William Whyte Jr. / Dien Bien Phu
Corporate consolidation / The Lonely Crowd / Israel
The “Postwar Contract” / J.D. Salinger, Saul Bellow / Suez Crisis
AFL-CIO / “Beats” - Beat Generation / Fidel Castro
Route-66 / Allen Ginsberg’s “Howl”, Jack Kerouac / Hungarian Revolution of 1956
antibiotics & penicillin / juvenile delinquency / Nikita Khrushchev
Jonas Salk / James Dean / U-2 Crisis
Rock ‘n’ Roll / Eisenhower’s Farewell Address

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:

·  What were key developments of the Cold War in the 1950s and how did the United States strategy change over time?

·  What events caused the most direct tension in the Cold War and what was evidence of an attempt at détente (coexistence)?

·  With postwar decolonization and rising nationalist movements how did the United States and USSR become more involved in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East?

·  What impact did the Cold War have on U.S. involvement and their relationship with Latin American countries?

·  How did the Cold War continue to cause debates over the government’s attempt combat communism within the United States?

·  What were the debates and controversies over the growing nuclear arsenal, the military-industrial complex, and the appropriate power of the executive branch during the Cold War?

·  What caused the United States to become more involved in the Middle East including oil interests and attempts to create a national energy policy?

·  What were the tactics and accomplishments of civil rights activists and leaders, most notable Martin Luther King Jr., combatting racial discrimination?

·  What was ruling of Brown v. Board of Education and what effects did it have on the civil rights movement and on the South?

·  In what ways did white resistance efforts slow desegregation in the South?

·  What significant social changes occurred in American society during the 1950s?

·  How did a growing private sector, federal spending, the baby boom, and technological developments all help spur economic growth?

·  What were the causes and effects of the migration of the middle class to the suburbs and from the old industrial northeast to the Sun Belt region of the South and West?

·  Why did mass culture become increasingly homogenous in the postwar years with pressure to conform to social norms?

·  How did artists, intellectuals and youth rebel against 1950s conformity?