DRUG AND SUBSTANCE MISUSE POLICY

SLT Checked / 2nd October 2017
IEB Review Due
Reviewed

CONTENTS

1.Development process

2.Dissemination

3.Context ofthePolicy

4.Localand nationalreferences

5.Purposeof the policy

6.Definitionsandterminology

7.Theschool’sstancetowardsdrugs,health andthe needs ofstudents

8.Staff withkeyresponsibilities fordrugs

9.Managementof drugs atschool

10.Policeinvolvement

11.Sanctions

12.Workingwithexternalagencies

13.Informationsharing

14.Theroleof parentsandcarers

15.Theroleof governors

16.Liaisonwithother schools

17.Drugeducation

1.Developmentprocess

1.1.Thepolicyhasbeendevelopedinconsultationwithstudentandstaffvoice,parents,Governorsandpartneragencies.

2.Dissemination

2.1.Thepolicycanbereferredtoasahardcopyinthefileofschoolpoliciesheldbytheschool’sBusinessManager.Anelectronicversioncanbefoundinthesectionentitled “Policies”ontheschoolwebsite

3.ContextofthePolicy

3.1.Thispolicyshouldbereadinconjunctionwiththeschool’smissionstatementandwith itspoliciesonbehaviour,confidentiality,healthandsafety,healthyschools,managingmedicines,schoolvisits andsafeguarding.

4.Localandnationalreferences

4.1ThispolicyhasbeendrawnupinaccordancewiththeDfEandACPODrugAdviceforSchools,whichwasupdatedinMarch2012andinconjunctionwiththeDrugStrategy2010anditsreviewin2012,whichensuresthatschoolstaffhavetheinformation,adviceand powerto:

  • Provideaccurateinformationondrugsandalcoholthrougheducationandtargeted information, including via the FRANK service; a drugs advice service, which is

confidential

  • Tackleproblembehaviourinschoolswithwiderpowersofsearchandconfiscation
  • Work withvoluntaryorganisations,healthpartners,thepoliceandotherstopreventdrugoralcoholmisuse

Thepolicyisalsowritteninlinewith“KeepingChildrensafeinEducation”(2016)andtheChildrenandFamilyAct(2014)andtakesaccountoftheguidanceforschoolsonScreening,searchingandconfiscation:adviceforHeadteachers,staffandGoverningBodies.

5.Purposeofthepolicy

5.1Thepurpose ofthepolicyisto:

  • Clarify the legal requirements and responsibilities of the school, to ensurecompliancewithcriminallaw,underwhichitisanoffenceforanyyoungpersonto

possess,use,supplyorsell controlleddrugsinschool.

  • Promoteandsafeguardthehealth,wellbeingandsafetyofstudentsandotherswho usetheschool
  • Clarifytheschool’sapproachtodrugsforallstaff,students,parentsandcarers,

Governors,externalagenciesandthewidercommunity

  • Provideguidanceonthedrugeducationprogramme,sothatstudentsdevelopskills theymightneedtoavoidthemisuse ofsubstances.
  • Enablestafftomanagedrugsfoundontheschoolpremiseswithconfidenceand consistencyandinthebestinterestsofthoseinvolved
  • Provideabasisforevaluatingtheeffectivenessoftheschooldrugeducation programmeandthemanagementofincidentsinvolvingillegalandunauthorized drugs
  • Reinforcetheroleoftheschoolin contributingtolocalandnationalstrategies
  • Clarifywherestudentswhoareusingsubstancesorwhohaveconcernsaboutthemisuseofsubstances can obtainsupport
  • Setoutthearrangementsforcollaborationandcommunicationwithlocalagencies offeringtargetedandspecializedsupportforyoungpeopleinneedand theirfamilies

5.2Thecontentsof thispolicyindicatethat thepossession,use or supplyofillegaland otherunauthoriseddrugsisinacceptablewithintheschoolboundaries.Theschoolboundaries extendbeyond theschoolpremisesandperimeter toinclude:

  • Students’ journeys betweenhomeandschool whenwearing theschool’s uniform
  • Educational visits, residential courses, work experience and extra-curricularactivitiesforstudents
  • Studentsoftheschoolwhoareeducatedinpartwithinotherinstitutionsorotherprovision

Thepolicyappliestoallstaff,students,parents/carers,governorsandpartneragencies working withtheschool,as wellasanyvisitorstotheschool.

6.Definitionsandterminology

6.1Thedefinition ofadruggivenbytheUnited NationalOfficeonDrugsand Crimeis:

‘Asubstancepeople take tochangethewaythey feel,thinkorbehave’.

6.2Theterm‘drugs’and‘drugeducation’,unlessotherwisestated,isusedthroughoutthis policytoreferto:

  • allillegaldrugs(thosecontrolledbytheMisuseofDrugsAct1971)
  • alllegaldrugs,includingalcohol,tobacco, volatilesubstances(thosegivingoff agasorvapourwhichcanbeinhaled),ketamine,khat,alkylnitrites(known aspoppers) andnewpsychoactivesubstances(NPS)
  • allover-the-counterandprescriptionmedicines

7.The school’s stance towardsdrugs, health andthe needs ofstudents

7.1TheschooloperatesaZERO-TOLERANCEPOLICYTODRUGS.Illegalandother unauthoriseddrugsarenotacceptableontheschoolpremises,noraretheyacceptableinsituations

outlinedwithinsection5.2ofthispolicy.Allstudentsaremadeawareofthezero- tolerancepolicythrough AssembliesandthroughtheprogrammeofSpiritual, Moral,SocialandCulturaldevelopment(SMSC).

7.2Thepossession,use orsupplyofanydrug isregardedasabreach ofschoolrulesand theappropriatedisciplinaryprocedurewillbeinitiated,withtheexceptionof:

  • Theuseofmedicinesbystudentswithparentalnotificationandknowledgebytheschool’ssupportandwell-being co-ordinators;
  • Theappropriateuseofmedicinesby staff;
  • Thesmoking oftobaccobystaffonjourneysbetweenschoolandhome;
  • Consumption of alcohol by staff and visitors during social occasions on thepremises whentherearenostudentsonsite.

AsaHealthySchool weoperateasmokefreesiteatALLtimes.

7.3Therearenocircumstancesinwhichitisappropriate/acceptableforstafforvisitorsto usetobacco,alcoholorillegaldrugsinthepresenceofstudents.Anyinformationabout illegaldrugsortheillicitsaleoflegaldrugsoutsidethescopeofthispolicy,asdefined above,willbepassedontothepolice.Thisincludessaleoftobacco,solventsandalcoholto underagepeopleandanyinformation abouttheuse,possessionorsupplyofillegaldrugs.

7.4ItisanoffenceunderSection8oftheMisuseofDrugsAct1971forthemanagementof establishments(thisincludesschools)toknowinglypermitthesupplyorproductionofanyillegaldrugsontheirpremises.Itisalsoanoffencetoallowpremisestobeusedforthesmokingofcannabisoropium,and thepreparationof opium.

8.Staffwithkeyresponsibilitiesfordrugs

8.1TheDeputy Headteacher (Safeguarding)hasoverallresponsibilityfortheimplementationofthispolicyandforoverseeingandcoordinatingdrugissues.Allmembers oftheSeniorLeadershipTeamandthePastoral Teamhaveauthoritytosearch students,as outlinedintheschool’s behaviourpolicy.

8.2Allmembersofstaff will be madeaware ofthispolicyduringthe InductionProgramme

8.3Allmembersofstaffwillhavecontinuingprofessionaldevelopmentopportunities throughtheCPDProgrammeandopportunitieswillbeprovidedforfurthertrainingin accordancewiththeCPDPolicy

9.Managementofdrugsatschool

9.1Inamedicalemergencyinvolvingdrugs,theutmostprioritywillbeplacedonsafetybysummoningappropriatehelp,beforeaddressingfurtherissues.Allstaffareprovidedwitha listoffirstaidersinschoolandthislistisupdatedwheneverchangesoccur.

9.2Legaldrugs

ThePolicewillnotnormallyneedtobeinvolvedinincidentsinvolvinglegaldrugs.Howevertheschoolwillinformtradingstandards orthePoliceabouttheinappropriatesaleorsupply oftobacco,alcoholorvolatilesubstancestostudentsinthelocalarea.

9.3Controlleddrugs

Intakingtemporarypossessionanddisposingofsuspectedcontrolleddrugs,theschoolwill:

  • Ensureasecondadultwitnessispresent throughout
  • Seal the sampleinaplasticbag
  • Includedetails ofthe dateandtimeoftheseizure/findandwitnesspresent
  • Storeintheschoolsafesothataccessis onlybeseniormembers ofstaff
  • NotifythePolicewithoutdelaysothattheycancollectitandthenstoreordisposeofinaccordance withlocallyagreedprotocols

9.4ThelawdoesnotrequireschoolstodivulgetothePolicethenameofthestudentfromwhomthedrugsweretakenbutsinceitisadvisabletodoso,theHeadteacherorhis/herrepresentative willdisclosethenameunlessinsodoing,itwouldplacethestudentatrisk of harm.Theschoolwill:

  • Record fulldetailsoftheincident, includingthe policereference number
  • Informparents/carersunless thisisnotinthebestinterestsofthestudent
  • Identifyanysafeguardingconcerns
  • Developa supportanddisciplinaryresponse

9.5Theschoolhasthepowertosearchandisnotrequiredtoinformparents/carersbeforeasearchtakesplaceortoseektheirconsenttosearchtheirchild.“Headteachersandstaff authorisedbythemhaveastatutorypowertosearchpupilsortheirpossessions,without consent,wheretheyhavereasonablegroundsforsuspectingthatthepupilmayhavea prohibiteditem.Prohibiteditemsare:

Knivesorweapons Alcohol

IllegaldrugsStolenitems

Tobaccoandcigarettepapers

Fireworks Pornographicimages

Anyarticlethatthememberofstaffreasonablysuspects hasbeen,oris likelytobe,usedto commitan offence,or

Tocausepersonalinjury to,ordamagetotheproperty of,anyperson(including thepupil)”. (i)

(i)Searching, screeningandconfiscation.Advice forHeadteachers, school staff andgoverningbodies Feb2014.

Althoughthereisnolegalrequirementtodoso,theschoolwillnormallyinformparents/ carerswherealcohol,illegaldrugsorpotentiallyharmfulsubstancesarefound.Anycomplaintsaboutsearchingwillbedealtwiththroughthenormalschoolcomplaints procedure.

9.6Theschool’sgeneralpowertodiscipline,(assetoutinSection91oftheEducationand InspectionsAct2006)enablesamemberofstafftoconfiscate,retainordisposeofa student’spropertyasadisciplinarymeasure, wherereasonabletodoso.Whenothersubstancesarefound,whicharenotbelievedtobecontrolleddrugs,thesecanbeconfiscatedwhereateacherbelievesthentobeharmfulordetrimentaltogoodorderordiscipline.Thiswillincludenewpsychoactivesubstancesorlegalhighs.Ifschoolstaffareunableto identify thelegal statusof adrug,itshouldbetreatedasacontrolleddrug.

9.7Staffwillattempttomaintainacalmandorderlyatmospherewhendealingwithanyparent/carerundertheinfluence ofdrugsontheschoolpremises.The child’swelfarewillbe theprimaryfocusfortheschool.Inextremecaseswherethewell-beingofstudentsorstaff isthreatened,thePolicewillbecalledtodealwiththesituation.

10.Policeinvolvement

10.1Ifanydrugrelatedincidentsshouldoccur,thesafetyandwell-beingofthechildwill alwaysbetheoverridingconcern.Eachincidentwillbeconsideredtakingintoaccountthecircumstancesoftheindividualandtheparents,Policeandotherappropriateagencieswill beinformedaccordingtotheneedsoftheindividualconcerned.Arangeofoptionswillbeexploredinrespondingtotheneeds ofthestudentwhich willinclude:

  • ReferraltoEarlyHelp
  • ReferraltoanexternalagencysuchasOasis
  • Referraltotheschoolnurse.

StudentsandParentsshouldbeclearlyawarethatthestandardofprooftobeapplied,whenestablishingthefactsinrelationtoanexclusionisonthebalanceofprobabilities,assetoutintheDfEdocument“Exclusionfrommaintainedschools,Academiesandpupil referral unitsinEngland”

10.2Theremaybeinterestindrugrelatedincidentsbythemedia.Confidentialityof studentswillbeapriority.The HeadTeacherwillrespondtoallmediaquestions.

11.Sanctions

AtRoyton and CromptonSchool, we haveappliedthebehaviourpolicytodrug-relatedincidents andthefollowingresponsesarelikelytooccur.

Situation / Support / Sanction
Legaldrugs
Medicines
  • Unauthorised possessionoruse
  • Repeated unauthorised possessionoruse
/ Takenfromthem Refertoschoolnurse– Counselling,address underlyingproblems Monitored / Informparents by ‘phone Parentsinvitedintoschool
Tobacco
  • Possession
  • Repeatedpossession
  • Repeateduse
/ Takeand destroyTakeanddestroy
Referraltosmokingcessation sessions / Parentalcontact.Afterschool detention.
Parentalmeeting.Restriction ofsocialfreedomatbreakand lunchtimes/isolation MeetingwithSLTlink.Useof RemoveRoom/offsiteplacement
Alcohol
  • Possession
  • Supply
  • Repeatedpossession
  • Repeateduse
  • Repeatedsupply
/ Raiseawareness
Refertoschoolnurseforcounselling
Refertooutsideagencies AddressunderlyingproblemsMonitor / Exclusion –fixedtermPossiblepermanentexclusion pendinginvestigation
IllegalDrugs
  • Possession
  • Use

Supply

  • Sale
/ Takeanddestroy
Referforcounselling/external agencies / InformparentsandPoliceif appropriate
FixedTermExclusion
PermanentexclusionPermanentexclusion

TheabovesanctionsareinlinewiththeDfEguidanceonexclusionswhichstatesthat

Adecisionto excludeapupilshouldbetakenonly:

a)inresponsetoseriousbreachesof theschool’sbehaviourpolicy;and

b)ifallowing thepupiltoremaininschoolwouldseriously harmtheeducation orwelfareof

thepupilorothersintheschool.

Therewillhoweverbeexceptionalcircumstanceswhere,intheheadteacher’sjudgment,it isappropriatetopermanentlyexcludeachildforafirstor‘oneoff’offence.Thesemight include:

a)seriousactualorthreatenedviolenceagainstanotherpupiloramemberofstaff

b)sexualabuseorassault

c)supplyinganillegaldrug

d)carryinganoffensiveweapon

11.Needsofstudents

Postersoflocalandnationalhelplinesaredisplayedaroundtheschoolandareavailable fromtheschoolnurse.Inadditionthewell-beingandsupportco-ordinatorshaveresourcesavailableforbothstudentsand carersonthistopic.

12.Workingwithexternalagencies

12.1Theschoolwillworkcollaborativelywiththerangeofdifferentservicesavailablein Oldhamdependingonneed.Amongsttheseare:

OldhamAlcoholandSubstanceInterventionService(OASIS@Connexions)

Offersconfidentialandnon-judgmentaladviceandinformationandtreatmentforyoungpeopleunder19,alsoofferssupporttoyoungpeoplewhoselifeisaffectedbyothers substancemisuse,aswellassupportandadviceforparentsand carers.Youngpeople can dropintotheConnexionsCentreandspeaktosomeonefromOasis,call01616219600,orvisitoasis.connexions-oldham.org.uk

OldhamDrugsandAlcoholService(ODAS)Offerscounsellingsessions,structuredgroup work,socialandleisureactivitiesforyoungpeopleaged18orover.Alsorunsa‘Concerned Others’groupThursdayeveningfrom6.00-8.00pm,ODAScanbecontactedatTheGatewayHorsedge Street,Oldham.OL13SXTel:01617163666/Fax:01617163667

OldhamStopSmokingService

Telephone:08003288534

Drinklineisthenationalalcoholhelpline.Ifyou'reworriedaboutyourownorsomeoneelse'sdrinking,youcancallthisfreehelpline,incompleteconfidence.Call08009178282(weekdays9am–8pm,weekends11am–4pm).

A full copy of the Drug and Alcohol Services in Oldham can be found online at :

Supportcanalsobeobtained from

12.2Theschoolnursewillalsoprovidesupportinofferingsmokingcessationsessionsto individuals orgroupsandinsignpostingtoother services,tosupportstudents.

13.Informationsharing

13.1Theschoolcannot,anddoesnot,promisetotalconfidentiality.Ifachildrequeststhata pieceofinformationexposediskeptconfidential,thenthiswillbehonoured.However,thechildwillbemadeawarethatthiscannotbepossibleif:

  • thereisachildprotectionissue
  • theyareco-operatingwithapoliceinvestigation
  • someone’s lifeis indanger

14.Theroleofparentsandcarers

14.1Theschoolrealisesthatparents/carershaveacrucialroleinpreventingproblemdruguse.Therefore,thispolicyandallup-to-dateinformationondrugeducation,areaccessible viatheschoolwebsite–parents–safeguardingyourchildsection.Inanyincidentinvolvingillegalandotherunauthoriseddrugs,theschoolwillinvolvethechild’sparents/carersand explainhowtheschoolintendstorespondtotheincidentandtothestudent’sneeds. Wheretheschoolsuspectsthattodothismightputthechild’ssafetyatriskorifthereis anyothercauseforconcernathome,thentheschoolwillexercisecautionwhen consideringinvolvingparents. Parents/carersare encouragedtoapproach theschooliftheyareconcernedaboutanyissuerelatedtodrugsandtheirchild.

15.TheroleofGovernors

15.1Aspartoftheirgeneralresponsibilitiesforthestrategicdirectionoftheschool, Governorshaveakeyroletoplayinthedevelopmentoftheschool’spolicyondrugs.TheGoverningBodywill beinformedbytheHeadteacher ofanydrugrelatedissuesaffectingtheschool.

TheGovernorwithspecificresponsibilityrelatingtotheprovisionofdrugseducationis MrsB.Yarwood.

16.Liaisonwithotherschools

16.1Theschoolhasacollaborativeapproachtomanagingbehaviourandactivelysupports theBehaviourandAttendancePartnership,wheregoodpracticeissharedandschools supporteachotherinsharingresourcesandstrategies.

17.Drugeducation

17.1Currentnationalguidancestatesthatthepurpose ofdrugeducationshould:

  • Increase pupils’knowledgeandunderstandingandclarifymisconceptionsabout:

-theshortandlongtermeffectsandrisksofdrugs

-therulesand lawsrelatingtodrugs

-theimpact ofdrugson individuals,familiesandcommunities

-theprevalenceandacceptabilityofdruguseamongpeers

-thecomplexmoral,social,emotionalandpoliticalissuessurroundingdrugs

  • develop pupils’ personal and social skills to make informed

decisionsandkeep themselvessafeand healthy, including:

-assessing,avoidingandmanagingrisk

-communicatingeffectively

-resistingpressures

-finding information,helpandadvice

-devisingproblem-solvingandcopingstrategies

-developingself-awarenessandself-esteem

  • enablepupilstoexploretheirownandotherpeoples’attitudestowardsdrugs,druguseanddrugusers,including challengingstereotypes,andexploringmediaand socialinfluences

17.2AtRoyton and CromptonSchoolthewhole-schoolapproachtodrugeducationsupports thispurposeandtheimplementationissetuptofulfiltheseaims.Acoherentand continuousdrugeducationprogrammeoperatesaspartofthewhole-schoolapproachto Spiritual,Moral,SocialandCulturaldevelopment(SMSC),withsomeinputineachyearof theschool.

Thedeliveryoccursin:classteaching,nationalcurriculumsubjects,Spiritual,Moral,Social andCulturaldevelopment(SMSC)lessons,tutoriallessons,assembliesandpresentationsbyvisitors.

Thefollowingprinciplesareappliedineverysession/module ofdrugeducation:

  • Groundrulesarenegotiatedforthediscussion ofthissensitiveissue
  • An assessmentofwherestudentsareintermsofe.g. Knowledge, language, skills, interest andanxietiesisthefirstactivity.
  • We will developarangeofteachingmethodstouse whichwillencourage the activeand interactiveparticipationofallstudents.
  • Informationthatisprovidediscomprehensive, accurate,up-to-dateandunbiased.
  • Studentsaregivenanopportunitytoreflectontheirlearningthroughself-assessmentandpeergroupassessment.Teacherassessmentsincludingobserving,listening,reviewingwrittenworkandstudents’contributionstodrama,roleplayanddiscussions willalsobeusedtoassesswhatknowledgeandunderstandingstudentshavegained;whatskillstheyhavedevelopedandputintopractice;howtheirfeelingsandattitudes havebeeninfluencedbytheprogramme.

Evaluation,basedontheaimsandlearningoutcomesoftheprogramme,iscarriedoutwith thestudentsandstaffatappropriatepoints and attheend ofeachyear.

SeeAppendix3fordetailsoftheprogrammeofstudyforSMSC.

Appendix 1.

Drug Related IncidentRecordForm

Emergency/ / Suspicion, / Suspicion, / Discovery, / Discovery, / Pupil / Parental / Parent/Carer
Intoxication / off premises / on premises / off premises / on premises / disclosure / Disclosure / Expresses
Concern

Tickoneormoreofthesetabstoindicatethecategory

Name: / Record formcompletedby:
Form/class:
Dateofincident: / Timeofincident:am/pm

FirstaidAmbulance/Doctor

called?

given ?(Deleteas

necessary)

Yes No

No

Yes

Briefdescriptionofsymptoms/situation:

(Continue on backifnecessary)

Actiontaken:(e.g.otheragencyinvolved;DrugEducationAdvisor/Police/drugagencyconsultedaboutthedrug;referraltoHealthySchoolsDrugPreventionTeamforassessmentandorinterventionoralternativetoexclusionprogramme).

(Continue onbackifnecessary)

DRUGRELATED INCIDENTS IN SCHOOLS– SUMMARY

ThisformhasbeenadaptedfromtheRightResponsesdocumentStandingConferenceonDrugAbuse1999.

Information
only / Found property / Simple
Possession / Possession Plus / Other Offences
KeyFeatures / Pupils at risk / Propertynot
linked to a particularperson / Facts agreed:
certain criteria met / Facts in dispute:
certain criteria not met / School
communityput at risk: class
A drug; pupils at risk
Inform police? / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes
Will thepolice
need to attend? / Maybe / No / No / Yes / Yes
Can the school
deal with matters after contacting police? / Maybe / Yes / Yes / Maybe / No
Whywould
policeneed to beinvolved? / Investigate
information on sourceof supplies / Disposal of
substance / Assist in decision
making / Assist school
with its enquiry/start joint enquiry / Assist school with
its enquiry/start joint enquiry

Appendix 3.

Drug Education intheNationalCurriculum

Key Stage3 – Drug Education inthe NationalCurriculum
PSHE: Non-statutory
Programmeof study: Personal Wellbeing(QCA 2007) / Science: Statutory
Programmeof study:(QCA 2013) / Questions to help pupils to
exploreDrug education within the national curriculum
Therange and content that
teachers should draw on when teachingthekey concepts and processes include:
  • how high-risk behaviours affect the health and wellbeingof individuals, families and communities (d)
  • basic facts and laws, (including school rules,) about alcohol and tobacco, illegal substances and the personal and social consequences of misuse for themselves and others (e)
  • how making choices forbeing healthycontribute to personal wellbeing,and the importance between work, leisureand exercise (f)
  • ways of recognisingand reducingrisk, minimisingharm and gettinghelp in
/ Rangeand content should
include:
Structureand function of livingorganisms -Health
  • The effects of recreational drugs (including substancemisuse) on behaviour, health and life processes.
/
  • What arereliable sources of information on drugs, alcohol, tobaccoand othersubstances?
  • Who canIgo tofor furtheradvice and support?
  • What canIexpect from them and where and when aretheseservices available?
  • What arethe basicfacts and laws, including school rules, about alcohol, tobacco, illegal substances?
  • What arethe risks of misusingsubstances, includingprescribedand over-the-counter medicines?
  • What happens ifIbreak the law relatingto drugs, alcohol and tobacco and othersubstances?
  • What affects our self- esteem – and how does self-esteem affect our emotional health and relationships with others?
  • Howdoes alcoholand drugsaffect sexual behaviour?
  • How canImakehealthy and safe choicesabout

emergencyand
riskysituations (g) / mylife?
  • How canIsayno if my friends want meto do somethingthat threatens mysafetyor wellbeing, orIknow is against the law?
  • Who canIgo tofor help?

Key Stage4 – Drug Education inthe NationalCurriculum
PSHE: Non-statutory
Programmeof study: Personal Wellbeing (QCA 2007) / Science: Statutory
Programmeof study: (QCA 2012) / Questions to help pupils to explore
drug education within the national curriculum
Therange and content
that teachers should draw on when teaching the keyconcepts and processes include:
  • the effect of diverse and conflicting values on individuals, families and communities and ways of respondingto them (a)
  • how themedia portraysyoung people, body imageand health issues (b)
  • the benefits and risks of health and lifestyle
choices, including choices relating to sexual activityand substanceuse and misuse, and the short and long-term / Pupils should betaught:
B1 1.2 – Howour bodies defend themselves against infectious disease.
  • Some medicines, includingpainkillers,
help to relievethe symptoms of infectious disease, but do not kill
the pathogens.
  • Antibiotics, includingpenicillin, are medicines that
help to curebacterial diseasebykilling infectious
bacteria insidethebody. Antibiotics cannot be used
to killviral pathogens, which live and reproduce inside
cells.It is important that specificbacteria should betreated byspecific antibiotics. Theuseof antibiotics
has greatlyreduced deaths from infectious bacterial /
  • Howdo friends, relationships, culture, faith andfamily influencebeliefs and attitudes to drug, alcohol and tobacco use?
  • How canconflict arise in relationships with mypeers, familyand others and how can Ideal with it?
  • How canIresist pressureto do thingsIdon’t want to do-from peers and others?
  • Howdo alcohol and drugs affect decision-making, includingsexual decision- making, andwhat strategies can reducetherisks?
  • How canIcontributeto challengingbullyingandall types of discrimination?
  • Howdoes the media present drugsand alcohol misuse, and tobacco and how is reality distorted?
  • What is the full rangeof services, helpand information available to me including local health services, counselling, pharmacists, GPs, drop-in services foryoungpeople, telephonehelp-linesand

consequences
forthe health and mental and emotional wellbeingof individuals, families and communities (d)
  • where and how to obtain health information, how to recogniseand follow health and safety procedures, ways of reducingrisk and minimising harm in risky situations, how to find sources of emergency help and howto usebasic and emergencyfirst aid (e)
  • the diversityof ethnic and cultural groups, the power of prejudice, bullying, discrimination and racism, and the need to take the initiative in challengingthis and other offensive behaviours and in giving support to victims of abuse. (j)
/ diseases. Overuseand
inappropriate useof antibiotics
has increased the rate of development of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria.
B1.3 Theuseand abuse ofdrugs
  • evaluatetheeffect of statins in cardiovascular disease
  • evaluatedifferent types of drugs and whysomepeople useillegal drugs for recreation
  • evaluateclaims madeabout the effect of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs on health
  • consider the possible progression from recreational drugs to hard drugs
  • evaluatethe useof drugs to enhance performancein sport and to consider theethical implications of theiruse.
/ internet sites?