the Area Between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Was Known As What?

Ch. 1-2

- The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers was known as what?

- The first civilization is considered to have arisen where?

- What is diffusion [cultural diffusion]?

- Who was the first ruler of a civilization to have laws written down?

- From which continent did our earliest human ancestors migrate from?

- What time in the past does "prehistoric" refer to?

- What was the Dynastic Cycle?

- What was the Mandate of Heaven, and how did it affect who ruled?

Ch. 9-16

- The location of the Mayan civilization was where?

- The location of the Inca civilization was where?

- The difference between monotheistic and polytheistic religions, and what type did the Aztec and the Inca hace?

Ch. 3

- The Hittites occupied Anatolia (Asia Minor), a huge peninsula in which modern-day country?

- The most sacred writings of the Jewish religion are the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, known as what?

- According to the Torah, the first covenant between God and the Hebrew people involved an agreement saying what?

- The rebirth of an individual soul or spirit is known as what in Hinduism?

- The founder of Buddhism was who?

- The social class system established in India, and followed in Hinduism is called what?

Ch. 4-5-6

- A system of government ruled by a single person, called a king, was known as what?

- Rule by the people became known as what?

- After the Romans drove the last Etruscan monarch from power, they established a republic. What is a republic?

- Which year marks the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

- What is an Empire?

- What is Yin and Yang?

- Who was Laozi and what was his philosophy?

Ch. 7

- What and where was the Silk Road?

Ch. 10

- What are the Five Pillars of Islam and list them?

- What do Muslims believe about Muhammad’s role in Islam?

- Toward what city do Muslims pray?

- What led to internal conflict and split in Islam after the death of Muhammad?

Define: Mecca, Muslim, Hajj, Qu’ran, Hijrah

Ch. 12

- What is the Mongolian term for Universal Leader?

- What made you a member of a Mongol clan?

- What major inventions arose during the Tang and Song dynasties?

Ch. 11

- What are the two branches of Christianity created in the split in 1054 CE?

- What was the eastern half of the Roman Empire called, and what was it’s dominant religion?

- Who were the Rus?

Ch. 13

-. The years that spanned the medieval period in Europe were what?

- The Viking explorer who reached North America around 1000 A.D. was who?

- What happened to cities and trade after the Germanic invaders overran Western Europe?

- The honor code followed by European knights was called what?

- In the feudal system, what was a manor?

- A serf did what for a lord?

- A lord did what for a serf?

- The freemen of feudalism were who

- Who is the leader/ head of the Latin (Roman Catholic) Church?

- Who is the Frankish leader who defeated the Muslim Moors at the Battle of Tours?

Ch. 14

- Who led the conquest of England in 1066?

- Who was forced to sign the Magna Carta?

- What was the main goal of the Crusades?

- What was the effect of the change to the three-field system?

- What was the name of the legislative body of medieval England?

- What years made up the dark ages in Europe?

- What were Pope Urban II’s reasons for the Crusades?

- What carried or transmitted the plague?

- What percent of the population of Europe died due to the plague?

Ch. 17

- For what is the Medici family famous for?

- What was the first full-sized book Gutenberg printed?

- Luther protested the practice of selling indulgences. What was that practice?

- What kind of person represented the ideal of the "Renaissance Man"?

- How did Italy's location help it become the birthplace of the Renaissance?

- Why was moveable-type block printing more useful in Europe than in China?

The period of European history known as the Renaissance roughly covers which years?

- The intellectual movement of the Renaissance that focused on human potential and achievement was called what?

- What are the main branches of Protestantism?

- Define: Theocracy

- The French term Renaissance means what?

Ch. 19-1+2 & 20

- Who was Zheng He?

- Where was the Spanish conquistadors’ homeland?

- When Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic and reached islands in the Bahamas, he believed he had reached where?

- In the 1400s, what was the most important item traded from the East?

- What were the motives for Europeans’ age of exploration?

- Which Captain’s crew were the first people to circumnavigate the globe?

- Who sailed west across the Atlantic and discovered the “new world”?

- The first successful English settlement in the new world was called what?

- The global transfer of food, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas is known as what?

Ch. 18

- The Ottoman Turks renamed Constantinople what?

- What was the purpose/ function of the Taj Mahal?

Ch 21

- Where did Tulip Bulb Mania occur?

- What is Habeas Corpus?

- What are imports? exports? Inflation?

- Who won the naval battle between England and Spain in 1588?

- What religion was King Philip II of Spain? Elizabeth of England?

- Define: absolute monarchs, Restoration

- What is the role of the Prime Minister?

- Who was known as the “Sun-King?”

- What was Peter the Great’s Grand Embassy?

* Textbooks due on the day of the exam!

+ What is the name of the type of calendar the world uses today?

+ Anno Domini is Latin for “Year of Our Lord.” The A.D. (C.E.) by a year refers to what years?

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