Name______Period______Date______
Classification Review
1. Consider the cladogram:
a. List the derived traits that separate each of the organisms:
b. What is the ancestral trait?
c. Who is the oldest? Who is the most recent?
d. Who is a closer relative: Lizard and salamander or Lizard and Perch?
e. Who is a closer relative: Pigeon and Lizard or Salamander and Hagfish?
2. ______is the grouping of objects or organisms based on a set of criteria.
3. ______is a discipline of biology primarily concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species based on natural relationships.
4. ______is one of the earliest to classify organisms, grouping them as plants or animals.
5. ______gives each species a scientific name that has two parts.
6. ______is a named group of organisms.
7. ______is the broadest of all taxa and contains one or more kingdoms.
8. ______is the evolutionary history of a species.
9. ______is the method that classifies organisms according to the order that they diverged from a common ancestor.
10. ______is a branching diagram that represents the proposed phylogeny or evolutionary history of a species or group.
11. ______are prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidogylcan.
12. ______is a unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that absorbs nutrients from organic materials in its environment.
13. ______is the scientist that developed the scientific naming system binomial nomenclature.
14. List the 8 taxonomic categories in order from the most broad to the most specific.
15. Use the chart below:
Domain / Eukarya / Eukarya / Eukarya / EukaryaKingdom / Animalia / Animalia / Animalia / Animalia
Phylum / Chordata / Chordata / Chordata / Chordata
Class / Mammalia / Mammalia / Mammalia / Insecta
Order / Carnivora / Carnivora / Carnivora / Diptera
Family / Canidae / Felidae / Canidae / Muscidae
Genus / Canis / Felis / Canis / Musca
Species / lupus / catus / familiaris / domestica
Common Name / Gray wolf / House cat / Dog / House fly
a. What is the scientific name of the house cat?
b. Which two organisms are the closest relatives? How do you know?
c. At which taxonomic level do the house cat and the dog diverge from each other?
16. Fill in the table below to review the 3 major domains of organisms.
DomainName
Kingdom
Name
Example
Organism
Bacteria and Virus Review
1. Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotic cells do not store genetic information inside a(n)______.
2. A spherically shaped bacterial cell is called ______.
3. A rod shaped bacterial cell is called ______.
4. A strand of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat is a(n) ______.
5. An infectious particle made of protein is called a(n) ______.
6. ______contain peptidoglycan in their cell wall.
7. ______are bacteria that are more closely related to eukaryotes.
8. ______are bacteria that are often nicknamed “extremophiles”.
9. ______live in hot, acidic environments.
10. ______live in extremely salty environments.
11. Bacteria may contain an extra, circular piece of DNA known as a(n) ______.
12. The ______allows for attachment and prevents dehydration in bacteria.
13. ______are hair-like projections on bacteria that are used for attachment and in sexual reproduction.
14. Spiral shaped bacteria are known as ______.
15. Bacteria arranged in a chain are named with the prefix ______.
16. Bacteria arranged in clumps are named with the prefix ______.
17. The ______is a whip-like structure that allows some bacteria to move.
18. Asexual reproduction hat results in identical cells is ______.
19. ______are dormant bacterial cells able to survive harsh conditions.
20. ______is a form of reproduction in bacteria that results in the exchange of genetic information.
21. Organisms that require oxygen are known as ______.
22. Organisms that do NOT require oxygen are known as ______.
23. Normal bacteria that live in and on us are known as ______.
24. A relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to both is known as a ______relationship.
25. A ______is any disease causing agent.
26. Bacterial infections are treated with ______to block their growth and reproduction.
27. Specific area on a virus that allows it to attach to the host cells is called the ______.
28. Protein “head” structure of viruses surrounding a core of genetic material is known as the ______.
29. In viral reproduction, when the host cell makes copies of the viral RNA or DNA and the host cell is lysed, this describes the ______.
30. In viral reproduction, when the viral DNA integrates into the host cell’s DNA and remains dormant until something triggers it to begin copying, this describes the ______.
31. Cell in which a virus replicates in known as the ______.
32. A virus with RNA and reverse transcriptase is known as a(n)______.
33. A virus that infects bacteria is called a(n) ______.
34. Use your knowledge of bacteria to classify the images of bacteria below: