AP World History s17

AP World History

Unit VI: 1900 to the Present

1. Which of the following was NOT a social change that stemmed from World War I?

A. The aristocracy declined in power across Europe.

B. The middle and lower classes grew in stature.

C. Europeans came to view themselves as models of civilized behavior.

D. Europeans’ spirit of optimism faded.

E. Women were granted the right to vote in most countries.

2. Which of the following was NOT a provision decided at the Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920)?

A. breaking up of Austria-Hungary

B. independence for Palestine

C. creation of Yugoslavia

D. assigning Germany full blame for World War I

E. stripping Germany of its colonies

3. The interwar period in Europe was marked by:

A. economic depression and weakness

B. strong support for the policy of collective security

C. growth in the number of democracies, particularly in Eastern Europe

D. an economic boom and the strengthening of capitalism

E. almost complete decolonization of Africa

4. Fascism can best be described as:

A. left-wing radicalism

B. socialistic

C. laissez-faire

D. right-wing radicalism

E. moderate

5. Reza Shah Pahlavhi of Iran was similar to Mustafa Kemal of Turkey in that he:

A. was a democratic ruler

B. proclaimed himself sultan

C. secularized his country

D. turned his country into a theocracy

E. introduced a bill of rights

6. Which of the following statements accurately describes civilian participation in World War II?

A. Nearly half of the war’s casualties were civilians.

B. Only Jewish civilians were killed in great numbers.

C. Most civilians remained far from the battle scenes.

D. The warring parties tended to respect international conventions concerning the treatment of noncombatants.

E. In the United States, a smaller percentage of women worked outside the home than during

World War I.

7. In the 1940s, what was Japan’s long-term goal in the Pacific?

A. It planned to take over the United States.

B. It wanted to control the Chinese coast, all of Southeast Asia, India, Indonesia, Australia, and New Zealand.

C. It wanted to regain the Kurile Islands from the USSR.

D. It had no other goal but to strengthen trade with its immediate neighbors.

E. It wanted to work jointly with Germany in creating a Pacific Rim empire.

8. How did World War II change the patterns of international trade?

A. No countries traded with Germany after the war.

B. The World Trade Organization was created soon after the war ended.

C. The war diminished the European powers’ control over world markets.

D. The USSR began trading more with Western Europe.

E. The United States stopped trading with Asia countries.

9. Which of the following is an example of bipolar equilibrium?

A. the Ottoman Empire’s hegemony over the Balkans

B. the North Pole and South Pole during the vernal equinox

C. French-Italian diplomatic struggles during the late nineteenth century

D. the United States’ and Soviet Union’s rivalry during the Cold War

E. the Austrians’ and Hungarians’ power sharing within the Hapsburg Empire

10. How did Deng Xiaoping’s reforms in China differ from those of Mikhail Gorbachev’s in the Soviet Union?

A. Deng allowed political and cultural liberalization, whereas Gorbachev did not.

B. Gorbachev allowed political and cultural liberalization, whereas Deng did not.

C. Gorbachev finessed conservative opposition to his reforms better than Deng did.

D. Deng’s reform plans laid the groundwork for a free-market economy, whereas Gorbachev avoided economic reform.

E. Deng gave China’s outlying provinces greater autonomy, whereas Gorbachev suppressed all attempts by non-Russian republics to gain more autonomy.

11. What kind of role did many of the so-called Third World nations, including Angola and Vietnam, play in the Cold War?

A. They maintained a position of absolute neutrality, remaining on the sidelines.

B. They naturally and automatically gravitated toward the Soviet-led communist system.

C. They naturally and automatically gravitated toward the American-led democratic nations.

D. They became diplomatic and military battlegrounds, over which the two superpowers competed for influence.

E. They exerted a great deal of influence over the superpowers’ military and diplomatic policies.

12. What advantages did North African states have over countries of sub-Saharan Africa in terms of decolonization?

I. They were religiously and ethnically more homogenous.

II. Their colonizing powers had left behind technology and industrial assets that still proved to be useful.

III. They had been states for a longer time than those in sub-Saharan Africa.

IV. More of their people shared a common language.

A. I, II, and III

B. II, III, and IV

C. II and IV only

D. all of the above

E. none of the above

13. Why did apartheid in South Africa end during the 1990s?

A. White leaders began to realize how unjust the policy really was.

B. The African National Congress called for its dismantling.

C. It never succeeded in segregating Africans from whites.

D. It had succeeded in its goals by then.

E. White leaders decided that the policy was hurting the country’s economy and international reputation.

14. Which of the following factors has NOT interfered with African modernization?

A. the AIDS/HIV epidemic

B. lack of cultural or linguistic unity within African states

C. negative population growth

D. corruption

E. interethnic conflict

15. In Latin America, modernization has often led to

A. greater social equality

B. better control over illegal drug trafficking

C. diversified economies

D. a concentration of wealth in the hands of political and economic elites

E. the establishment of communist regimes

16. After the Yom Kippur war of 1973, OPEC used:

A. the International Court of Justice to accuse Israel of war crimes.

B. oil as an economic weapon.

C. the United Nations as a forum for Palestinian rights.

D. diplomatic pressure to change US foreign policy.

E. its alliance with Europe to settle the prewar issues.

17. All of the following have been given as long-term causes of World War I EXCEPT:

A. the rise of nationalism after 1850.

B. imperialism and competition for foreign colonies.

C. arms competition.

D. economic recession prior to 1912.

E. the diplomatic alliance system.

18. The creation of socialist buffer states between the USSR and the West after 1945 resulted in part from:

A. decisions made at Comintern meetings.

B. an American desire to dictate the postwar settlement to Moscow.

C. secret agreements between Stalin and Mao.

D. the trauma of the Nazi invasion from 1941-1944.

E. the death of FDR.

19. All of the following are features of fascism EXCEPT:

A. stamping out the labor movement.

B. ultra-nationalistic propaganda.

C. expansion and glorification of the military.

D. emphasis on sacrifice for the nation state.

E. strict control of big business.

20. American war aims in World War I were summed up in:

A. the Potsdam declaration.

B. the State of the Union address.

C. the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

D. the Fourteen Points.

E. the Four Freedoms.

21. The failure of the League of Nations to keep the peace was largely due to:

A. the aggressive leadership of the US.

B. the fear of communism after 1917.

C. the hedonism of the 1920s.

D. weak leadership and lack of military power.

E. alliances made between the major powers after 1919.

22. One of the major causes of the Global Depression in 1930 was:

A. war debt restructuring in the 1920s.

B. the rising stock market in the US.

C. underproduction of agricultural goods.

D. the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe.

E. trade tensions that resulted in high protective tariffs.

23. The key to Allied victory after 1942 in Asia and Europe was:

A. never losing a battle to the Axis.

B. brilliant military strategy.

C. their invention of radar early in the war.

D. the collapse of fascism after D-Day.

E. their superior industrial capacity.

24. The Sino-Soviet slit took place after 1966 because of:

A. different interpretations of Marxism.

B. tensions over Korea.

C. Stalin’s policies regarding Mongolia.

D. industrial competition between the two communist nations.

E. market capitalism being tried by Moscow.

25. Nations most affected by the Great Depression were those that:

A. lowered their taxes.

B. were dependent on global trade.

C. had centralized banking systems.

D. had smaller empires.

E. were dependent on agriculture.

26. India was partitioned as it gained independence in 1947 because:

A. the British could not agree on the political boundaries.

B. Muslims had their own desire for a state in southern Asia.

C. Gandhi supported the idea.

D. Jinnah was assassinated shortly afterwards.

E. Sikhs in the Punjab demanded it.

27. The function of the World Trade Organization is to:

A. negotiate free trade agreements.

B. buy and sell commodities.

C. oversee and manage world trade.

D. report to the United Nations about labor issues worldwide.

E. encourage protectionism.

28. Internal migration is defined as the:

A. importation of cheaper labor by industrialized nations.

B. creation of shanty towns in rural areas.

C. movement of peoples from rural to urban areas.

D. flight of refugees for political reasons.

E. the upward mobility of the middle class.

29. Nations in the Balkans and African colonies both have suffered because:

A. nationalism did not take root.

B. political boundaries were drawn without regard to ethnic or tribal groups.

C. of Pan-Slavic solidarity.

D. of the indifference of the United Nations.

E. there was little investment capital available.

30. Arab-Israeli negotiations since 1970 have often focused on:

A. control over the Sinai peninsula.

B. oil reserves on the Egyptian border.

C. the statelessness of the Palestinians.

D. who will occupy Bethlehem.

E. building a dam on the Jordan River.

31. Black South Africans struggled against white minority rule prior to 1990 by supporting the:

A. UN efforts to raise living standards.

B. African National Congress (ANC).

C. local township councils.

D. movement to desegregate the universities.

E. black government in exile.

32. The United States increased its military support for South Vietnam in the 1960s because:

A. the USSR was threatening Berlin.

B. the French told them to do so.

C. it had been an ally during World War II.

D. communism seemed to be expanding in the region.

E. Cambodia was helping North Vietnam.

33. Since 1979 Iran has been:

A. closely allied with the United States.

B. an Islamic theocracy.

C. ruled by the Sunni majority.

D. increasingly in support of women’s rights.

E. forging closer ties with its neighbor Iraq.