Resource List
Summaries of all the judgments are available at www.lawyerscollective.org
I. Overarching
“Social Rights Jurisprudence” Emerging Trends in International and Comparative Law, ed Malcolm Langford, Cambridge University Press (2008)
“Legislating an Epidemic. HIV/AIDS in India”, Lawyers Collective, Universal Law Publishing (2003)
Vishaka v State of Rajasthan, (1997) 6 SCC 241
Francis Coralie Mullin v Union Territory of Delhi, AIR 1981 SC 746
Vincent Panikurlangara v. Union of India, (1987) 2 SCC 165
CESC Limited v. Subhash Chandra Bose, AIR 1992 SC 573
Consumer Education and Research Centre v. Union of India, AIR 1995 SC 922
a) The rights-based approach
“Human Rights & AIDS: The Future of the Pandemic”, Dr. Jonathan Mann
“India, South Africa & the AIDS Epidemic – Some Personal Reflections by a South African”, Justice Edwin Cameron, 2002
“The deafening Silence of AIDS” – Justice Edwin Cameron, Jonathan Mann Memorial Lecture, Durban AIDS Conference, 2002
“Courts & Judges in the Era of HIV/AIDS”, Justice Michael Kirby
“Legislating an Epidemic: HIV/AIDS in India”
“The Sonagachi Project: A Global Model for Community Development”, Horizons Report, May 2002
b) Policy and law applications
International Guidelines on Human Rights & HIV/AIDS, including the revised para 6
UNFGASS Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS
Medical Council of India (MCI) Regulations 2002
Subodh Sharma v State of Assam
Indian Draft Legislation on HIV/AIDS
Lucy D’Souza v State of Goa (1990) MhLJ 713
c) Resistance to the rights-based approach
“Shadow on the Continent: Public Health & HIV/AIDS in Africa in the 21st Century”, Kevin de Cock et al, The Lancet, Vol 360, 6 July 2002
“Opt-out testing for HIV in Africa: a caution”, Joanne Cseteet al, The Lancet, Vol 363, 7 February 2004
“A serostatus-based approach to HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa”, Kevin de Cock et al
“The Less They Know The Better: Abstinence-Only HIV/AIDS Programs in Uganda”, Human Rights Watch report, March 2005 - http://hrw.org/reports/2005/uganda0305/
Statement of Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV Proposed ITPA Amendments: A Comment”, Positive Dialogue Newsletter, #19, July 2005
“Criminalization of Lives”, Positive Dialogue Newsletter, #7, November 2000
II. Consent, Confidentiality, Discrimination(& Stigma)
a) Consent
Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health - A/64/272
Bolam v Friern Hospital Management [1957] 2 All ER 118 QBD
Sidaway v Board of Governors of Bethlehem Royal Hospital WLR [1985] 480 HL
Re T [1992] 4 All ER 649 CA
Canterbury v Spence [1972] 464 F 2d 772 US Court of Appeals
Reibl v Hughes [1977] 78 DLR 35, Ontario High Court of Justice
Malette v Shulman [1990] 67 DLR (4th) 321, Ontario Court of Appeal
Margaret Smith v Carole Arndt & another [1997] 2 SCR 539
“Mandatory Pre-Marital Testing”, Positive Dialogue Newsletter, #15, December 2002
“Mandatory Pre-Marital Testing: A Record of Failure”, ACLU, March 1998
b) Confidentiality
Hunter v Mann [1974] 2 All ER 414 QBD
Tarasoff v Regents of the University of California 17 Cal 3d 358
X v Y[1988] 2 All ER 648
Mr. X v Hospital Z (1998) 8 SCC 296
Mr. X v Hospital Z (2003) 1 SEC 500
BT v Oei [1999] NSWSC 1082
Harvey v PD [2004] NSWCA 97
“The Duty to Disclose”, Positive Dialogue Newsletter, #17, June 2004
“The Duty to Disclose – Prospecting Middle Ground”, Positive Dialogue Newsletter, #18, November 2004
W v Edgell& Others [1990] 1 All ER 835 CA
Jansen Van Vuuren v Kruger 1993 (4) SA 342
c) Discrimination
Bragdon v Abbott 524 US 624 (1998)
MX v ZY AIR 1997 Bombay 406
Anand Bihari v Rajasthan SRTC [1991] 1 SCC 731
Chalk v United States [1987] F 2d 701
School Board of Nassau County, Florida v Arline [1987] 480 US 273
Thwaites v Canadian Armed Forces (1993) Canadian Human Rights Decision, No. 9 7 June 1993
Jacques Carl Hoffman v South African Airways, 2001 (1) SA1 (CC)
N v Minister of Defence (Namibian Armed Forces judgment)
RBM v SW Pvt Ltd (2000).
Ex. Constable BS v Union of India (2002)
S v DGP, CISF (2004)
G v New India Assurance (2004)
X v State bank of India (2004)
RR v Superintendent of Police & ors (2005)
X v. Chairman, State Level Police Recruitment Board, (2006) 2 ALD 513
“HIV/AIDS-related Stigma & Discrimination: A Conceptual Framework & Agenda for Action”, by Richard Parker & Peter Aggleton, Horizons – Population Council, 2002
“HIV/AIDS Related Discrimination, Stigmatisation& Denial in India – A Study In Mumbai & Bangalore”, by Shalini Bharat, TISS, 1999
III. Treatment Access
Report by the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health (2009) - A/HRC/11/12
“Health for All (who can afford it) by 2000”, VeenaJohari, The LAWYERS magazine, September 2000
“Access to Drugs”, Anand Grover, The LAWYERS magazine, April 2001
“Access to Drugs Update”, SharanParmar, The LAWYERS magazine, June 2001
“Medicines for All: The Launch of a Campaign”, Vivek Divan, The LAWYERS magazine, January 2002
2005 Patent Act: Death by Patent or Universal Access to Second & Future Generation ARVs, Brook Baker, September 2005
The Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines http://www.accessmed-msf.org
Minister of Health and others v Treatment Action Campaign, Case CCT 8/02 (5 July 2002)
Settlement Agreement in TAC versus pharma companies - Competition Commission, South Africa
“Community-based approaches to HIV treatment in resource-poor settings”, Paul Farmer et al, The Lancet, Vol 358, August 2001
The Indian Patents Act – pre- and post-amendments
WHO Commission on Intellectual Property, Innovation and Public Health, April 2006
Novartis AG v Union of India, citation Madras High Court, IPAB
Doha Declaration on TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, 2001
IV. People Using Drugs
Principles of Drug Dependence Treatment, UNODC and WHO Discussion paper, March 2008
Legal and policy concerns related to IDU harm reduction in SAARCCountries. A review commissioned by UNODC – Regional Office for South Asia, New Delhi, India. Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit, India (2007)
Assessment of compulsory treatment of people who use drugs in Cambodia, China, Malaysia and Viet Nam: an application of selected human rights principles.WHO, 2009
Recalibrating the Regime, The need for a Human Rights Based Approach to International Drug Policy, The Beckley Foundation Drug Policy Programme, March 2008
Harm Reduction and Human Rights, The Global Response to Injection Driven HIV Epidemic, Submissions by the International Harm Reduction Association to the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights for the biennial report on HIV/AIDS requested by the Commission on Human Rights Resolution E/CN.4/RES/2005/84, 17 November 2008
Drug Decriminalization in Portugal: Lessons for creating fair and successful drug policies: Glenn Greenwald. CATO Institute, Washington, USA 2009
V. Sex Work
Sex Rights and the Law in a World with AIDS, Meeting Report and Recommendations, UNDP July 2009
Report of the prostitution law review committee on the operation of the Prostitution Reform Act, 2003, Ministry of Justice, Government of New Zealand, May 2008
A Critical Examination of Responses to Prostitution in Four Countries: Victoria, Australia; Ireland; the Netherlands; and Sweden, Julie Bindel and Liz Kelly, Child and Woman Abuse Studies Unit, London Metropolitan University, 2003
Fostering Enabling Legal and Policy Environments to Protect the Health and Human Rights of Sex Workers, Report of a meeting co-sponsored by the Sexual Health and Rights Project & Law and Health Initiative, Open Society Institute, June 2006.
Anne Gallagher and Elaine Pearson, Detention of trafficked persons in shelters: Legal and Policy Analysis, August 2008
VI. Men Having Sex
Reported Consequences of Decriminalization of Consensual Adult Homosexuality in seven American States, Gilbert Geis et al, Journal of Homosexuality, Vol 1 (4) 1976
377 and the Unnatural Afterlife of British Colonialism in Asia, Douglas Sanders, 8 March 2009,
This Alien Legacy: The origins of “Sodomy” Laws in British Colonialism, Human Rights Watch New York, 2008
The National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality v. The Minister of Justice,decided by Constitutional Court of South Africa on 9thOctober, 1998
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 US 558 (2003)
Naz Foundation v Union of India, Decided by the Delhi High Court, July 2009
Tolerance and HIVAndrew M. Francis and Hugo M. Mialon, March 10, 2009