Mods 57 – 58 Reading Quiz
1. Arturo believes that most young women from California are extremely good looking and that extremely good-looking women are usually selfish and egotistical. His beliefs are examples of:
a. stereotypes.
b. mirror-image perceptions.
c. sexual discrimination.
d. ingroup bias.
e. deindividuation.
2. Government officials who emphasized that African-Americans are personally responsible for the economically disadvantaged position of their ethnic group are most likely to promote:
a. deindividuation.
b. mirror-image perceptions.
c. the social responsibility norm.
d. prejudice.
e. conciliation.
3. Six-year-old Ezra believes that boys are better than girls, while five-year-old Arlette believes that girls are better than boys. Their beliefs most clearly illustrate:
a. the reciprocity norm.
b. deindividuation.
c. ingroup bias.
d. the mere exposure effect.
e. the fundamental attribution error.
4. Montel, a white university student, is on academic probation for poor grades. Ever since he received notice of his probation, Montel has become increasingly hostile toward racial minority students and staff on campus. His increasing hostility can best be explained in terms of:
a. ingroup bias.
b. the mere exposure effect.
c. the just-world phenomenon.
d. the scapegoat theory.
e. the reciprocity norm.
5. An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins best illustrates a potential consequence of:
a. deindividuation.
b. ingroup bias.
c. the bystander effect.
d. the just-world phenomenon.
e. the mere exposure effect.
6. The fact that human aggression varies widely from culture to culture most strongly suggests that it is not:
a. a reaction to frustration.
b. influenced by social norms.
c. an unlearned instinct.
d. a product of deindividuation.
e. a result of group polarization.
7. After Ravi lost the student election for president of his high school class, he spread false rumors intended to spoil the newly chosen president’s reputation. Ravi’s behavior is best explained in terms of the:
a. ingroup bias.
b. foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
c. mere exposure effect.
d. frustration-aggression principle.
e. fundamental attribution error.
8. Research on the effects of playing violent video games most clearly provides evidence that disconfirms the:
a. mere exposure effect.
b. frustration-aggression principle.
c. cognitive dissonance theory.
d. catharsis hypothesis.
e. just-world phenomenon.
9. Continuing to operate a fuel-inefficient car despite warnings about the effect of greenhouse gases best illustrates the dynamics of:
a. the just-world phenomenon
b. social loafing
c. a social trap
d. the fundamental attribution error
e. the mere exposure effect
10. Haley thinks Keith’s silence indicates that he’s angry, so she avoids talking to him. Unfortunately, Keith thinks Haley’s quietness signifies that she’s angry and wants to be left alone. This situation best illustrates:
a. mirror-image perceptions
b. the reciprocity norm
c. superordinate goals
d. scapegoating
e. deindividuation
11. After three months of riding the 8:30 bus to work, Cindy has actually started to feel affection for the gruff and scowling old bus driver. Cindy’s reaction best illustrates:
a. the fundamental attribution error
b. the mere exposure effect
c. mirror-image perceptions
d. the bystander effect
e. the social exchange theory
12. Sally, a 20-year-old college student, is beautiful. Research suggests that she is likely to _____ than less attractive college women.
a. be perceived as more socially skilled
b. have a much higher level of self-esteem
c. be perceived as less intelligent
d. date less frequently
e. have more difficulty securing employment
13. The two-factor theory of emotion has been used to explain:
a. the bystander effect
b. passionate love
c. social facilitation
d. the mere exposure effect
e. the just-world phenomenon
14. The best explanation for the inaction of bystanders during the Kitty Genovese murder is that they failed to:
a. experience any empathy for a stranger
b. act on their empathetic feelings
c. realize that the incident was really an emergency situation
d. notice that the incident was taking place
e. assume personal responsibility for helping the victim
15. After she received a free hand-painted Christmas ornament from a religious organization, Mrs. Smith felt obligated to mail a cash donation to the organization. Her response to the free gift best illustrates the impact of:
a. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon
b. the mere exposure effect
c. the just-world phenomenon
d. the fundamental attribution error
e. the reciprocity norm
16. The success of interracial cooperative learning in classroom settings best illustrates the value of _____ for reducing racial conflict.
a. the mere exposure effect
b. social facilitation
c. superordinate goals
d. the fundamental attribution error
e. the just-world phenomenon
ANSWER KEY
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. D
6. C
7. D
8. D
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. E
15. E
16. C