10.3 CYU Answers pg. 314
1. Voltage is the amount of electric potential energy in every coulomb of charge. The symbol is V and the SI unit is the volt (V).
2. Yes, electrons are flowing through the voltmeter. If the voltmeter is a moving coil type, then something is pushing the needle against the elastic force of the spring. In this case, the force is provided by the electric charges in the current.
3. A voltmeter should be connected to the terminals of the battery, as shown.
4. An ammeter is connected in series with the device in a circuit, while a voltmeter is connected in parallel with the device. An ammeter measures all the current that goes through the device. A voltmeter measures the difference in potential between two points in a circuit. Some current goes through the device and a small amount goes through the voltmeter.
5. When the switch is closed, the voltmeter will read 0 V.
6. Student answers may vary. An example of a circuit diagram is:
7. The voltage of the battery is 4.5 V. The voltage of a battery made from cells connected in series is equal to the sum of the individual voltages of the cells.
8. The voltage of the battery is 1.5 V. The voltage of a battery made from cells connected in parallel is equal to the voltage of an individual cell.
9. The voltages and terminals of the batteries are indicated below.
10. (a) The advantage of making a battery using cells connected in series is that the battery has greater voltage.
(b) The advantage of making a battery using cells connected in parallel is that the battery either has greater current or can operate for a longer time.
11. The battery must have at least six cells.
12. The voltage of the filament of the light bulb is 3.6 V.