Marine Biology Review

Directions: These concepts are important for your test on WEDNESDAY March 4th. If needed, use a separate sheet of paper to complete this review. Use Chapter 2 and 3 Quizzes to study as well.

Overview-

I.  Introduction

a.  Explain the differences between Marine Biology and Oceanography

b.  Give a brief description of each scientist’s contribution to marine biology

  1. Aristotle
  1. Darwin
  1. C.W. Thompson (Challenger expedition)
  1. A. Agassiz

c.  Which of the above started the modern marine science movement?

II.  Ecology

a.  Review your quiz!

b.  Compare and contrast the following terms:

  1. Niche/Habitat
  2. Biotic/Abiotic
  3. Symbiosis/Competition
  4. Mutualism/Commensalism/Parasitism
  5. Ecosystem/Biosphere
  6. Plankton/Nekton

c.  List and describe 4 main physical properties of the ocean.

d.  Sketch an ocean and ocean bottom- then label the following features/areas:

Benthic division-pelagic division- Neritic zone-oceanic zone- photic zone- disphotic zone- aphotic zone

e.  Using the following food chain:

  1. Draw arrows showing the flow of energy
  2. Label the primary consumer, primary producer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer.
  3. Starting with the first organism at 100%, indicate how much of the energy each subsequent organism receives.

Phytoplankton ------Zooplankton ------Bluefish ------Tuna ------Shark

III.  Geology

a.  Describe the world’s oceans, including the name and number of major ocean basins and how much of the world these cover.

b.  Draw and label the layers of the Earth from the inside out (7 layers-some combined)

c.  Differentiate Hydrogenous, Biogenous, terrigenous, and cosmogenous sediment

d.  Draw an ocean bottom showing the following bathygraphic features: continental shelf and slope and rise, abyssal plain, seamount, trench.

IV.  Movement of Water

a.  Due to the coriolis effect, which way do winds and currents move in the northern hemisphere compared to the southern hemisphere.

b.  Using the following diagram, draw and label wind patterns and major surface currents.

c.  Differentiate the generating force and restoring force of waves (pg 89).

d.  Differentiate Spring and Neap tides. Draw correlation between the Sun, moon and Earth for both.

e.  Differentiate Diurnal and semidiurnal tides. Which occurs on the Jersey shore?