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HYDROLOGY STUDY GUIDE

______1. Which location would allow the least amount of water to be absorbed into the ground?

a. a grassy terrain b. a sandy beach c. a forest d. a mountain

______2. Most lakes in North America were formed in what way?

a. cut-off meanders b. glaciers gouging out depressions in the earth

c. stream flows blocked by sediments d. naturally occurring depressions on Earth’s surface

______3 Organize the materials in order from best able to hold water to least able to hold water.

a. A, B, C b. B,C,A

c. C,A,B d. A,C,B

Material Sample / Porosity
A / 30%
B / 8%
C / 16%

______4. Water is able to flow more easily through the aquifer because its material has a

a. low permeability b. low porosity c. high porosity d. high permeability

Use the diagram below to answer questions 7-8

______5. Which two wells are at risk of being contaminated by the oil leak?

a. A and B b. A and D c. B and C d. C and D

______6. Which of the following is NOT a solution to protect the water in the two wells in danger of becoming contaminated?

a. Build an impermeable underground barrier to stop oil flow

b. Close the two wells and use an alternate water supply

c. Build a well between the two wells that goes deeper into the earth.

d. Pump out the water from the wells and chemically treat it to remove the pollution.

______7. Much of the water that falls on the ground as precipitation

a. enters the ground through the process of infiltration

b. evaporates back into the atmosphere

c. becomes runoff and finds its way back to the ocean

d. forms small pools

______8. How much of the Earth’s surface is covered by water?

a. 7% b. 3% c. 70% d. 30%

______9. How much of the water on Earth is fresh water?

a. 3% b. 97% c. 1% d. 30%

______10. As a result of urban development, land becomes covered with cement and asphalt, which can result in

a. increased groundwater recharge b. increased flooding

c. pollution of the air d. increased biodiversity

Answer the following with complete sentences.

11. Why is a steady, gentle rain better for plants than a torrential downpour? ______

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12. Which type of soil will better absorb water? Explain.

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A B

13. How might the water table in a particular area vary with the seasons? ______

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14. What are 4 of the most common sources of groundwater pollution, and how do they enter the aquifers?

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15. What are two factors that can cause a well to go dry? ______

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16. Give me 3 important facts about the Ogallala aquifer. ______

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17. Write the processes to what is happening in the water cycle in the blanks spaces on the right.

A ______

B ______

C ______

D ______

E ______