CONSTIPATION

Review: Harari D, Gurwitz J and Minaker K. Constipation in the Elderly. JAGS 1993;41:1130-1140.

Review: Lederle F. Epidemiology of Constipation in Elderly Patients. Drugs & Aging 1995;6:465-469.

Review: Romero Y, Evans J, Fleming C and Phillips S. Constipation and Fecal Incontinence in the Elderly Population. Mayo Clin Proc 1996;71:81-92.

Review: Schiller L. Clinical Pharmacology and Use of Laxatives and Lavage Solutions. J Clin Gastroenterol 1999;28:11-18.

Review: De Lillo A and Rose S. Functional Bowel Disorders in the Geriatric Patient: Constipation, Fecal Impaction, and Fecal Incontinence. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:901-905.

Review: Lembo A, Camilleri M. Current concepts: chronic constipation. NEJM 2003; 349:1360-68.

Review: Blesser S, Brunton S, Carmichael B, et al. Management of Chronic Constipation, Recommendations from a Consensus Panel. J Fam Pract 2005; 54:691-8.

Review: Kalish V and Loven B. What is the Best Treatment for Chronic Constipation in the Elderly? J Fam Pract 2007;56:1050-2.

Review: Brooks C et al. Update on the Management of Adults With Chronic Idiopathic Constipation. J Fam Pract Supp 6/2007; S1-S7.

Plum G, Weber H and Sauer W. Prolonged Cathertic Abuse Resulting in Roentgen Evidence Suggestive of Enterocolitis. Am J Roentgenol Rad Ther Nuc Med 1960;80:919-925.

Smith B. Effect of Irritant Purgatives on the Myenteric Plexus in Man and the Mouse. Gut 1968;9:139-143.

Lederle F, Busch D, Mattox K, West M and Aske D. Cost-Effective Treatment of Constipation in the Elderly: A Randomized Double-Blind Comparison of Sorbitol and Lactulose. Am J Med 1990;89:597-601.

Passmore A, Wilson-Davies K, Stoker C and Scott M. Chronic Constipation in Long Stay Elderly Patients: A Comparison of Lactulose and a Senna-Fibre Combination. BMJ 1993;307:769-771.

Harari D, Gurwitz J, Avorn J, Choodnovsky I and Minaker K. Constipation: Assessment and Management in an Institutionalized Elderly Population. JAGS 1994;42:947-952.

Voderholzer W, Schatke W, Muhldorfer B, Klauser A, Birkner B and Muller-Lissner S. Clinical Response to Dietary Fiber Treatment of Chronic Constipation. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:95-98.

Muller-Lissner S. What Has Happened to the Cathartic Colon? Gut 1996;39:486-488.

Halverson A and Orkin B. Which Physiologic Tests Are Useful in Patients with Constipation? Dis Colon Rectum 1998;41:735-739.

Ford A and Suares N. Effect of Laxatives and Pharmacological Therapies in Chronic Idiopathic Constipation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gut 2010; 60: 209-18