a.a. 2012-13
LINGUA INGLESE 1 LLEM
Modulo B
prof. Hugo Bowles
LESSON HANDOUTS
Please bring these to every lesson !
LESSON 1
A. DEFINITIONS AND LINGUISTIC AREAS 1
Quiz
1. Who speaks standard English?
2. “No people = no meanings”: yes or no?
3. “Animals cannot understand languages” – yes or no?
4. Who might say “I wented”?
a. the study of how you learn your mother tongue
b. the study of language and the mind
c. the study of language and society
d. the study of how we communicate as a species
B. DEFINITIONS & LINGUISTIC AREAS 2
Quiz
5. “The same person can be a terrorist and a freedom fighter”: yes or no?
6. “Ice cream” has the same sound as “I scream”: yes or no?
7. “A single letter means a lot”: yes or no?
8. xt xs pxssxblx tx xndxrstxnd whxt I xm wrxtxng xvxn xf x rxplxcx xll thx vxwxls wxth xn x. Yes or no?
9. “English does not have a future tense”: yes or no?
10. “it’s a boy”. There are three words in this sentence: yes or no?
e. the study of sound patterns in languages
f. the study of the sounds of speech
g. the study of the structure of words
h. the study of rules governing language use i. the study of word meaning
j. the study of how language is used
C. PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY QUIZ
11. What categories are used to classify sounds?
12. How many sounds are there in English? 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-35
13. How many sounds are there in Italian? ? 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-35
14. English is not a phonographic language. What does this mean?
15. What are the main problems for Italian students learning English pronunciation?
16. Why is English spelling so strange?
LESSON 2
CONSONANTS
1. a. How many consonant sounds are there in English? Can you list them all
b. Which kind do articulation is required by: /b/ /d/ /g/ /k/ /p/ /t/
c. These sounds are called plosives (or stops). How would you define it in terms of articulation?
2. a. Make a hissing sound and then lower your tongue. What happens?
b. Make a long /f/ sound and then take your lower lip away. What happens?
c. What are these sounds called?
d. Which consonant sounds are being contrasted in these examples?
i fan – van safer – saver half – halve
ii thumb – thus ether – father breath – breathe
iii sip – zip facing – phasing rice – rise
iv Russia – measure Irish – garage
What is the basic difference between the sounds?
3. What are the two affricates of English?
4. What are the nasal sounds of English? What does nasal mean?
Are these words pronounced the same? finger, singer, anger, hanger, longer
5. In which of the following words in the /r/ sound pronounced?
red arrive hearing car ever here hard verse cares
How would you describe the articulation of /r/
6. How would you describe the articulation of /l/, /w/, /j/
EXTRA PRACTICE MATERIAL (VERY IMPORTANT FOR PASSING YOUR EXAM!!!)
Go to this website address: http://davidbrett.uniss.it
- click on “The Articulation of speech sounds” in the Index (on the left of the screen)
- click on “Match phonemes with pictures”
- do the exercises for “Consonants: diagrams, symbols and definitions”
LESSON 3
MORPHOLOGY
A. What is morphology?
1. Explain the difference between grammar, syntax and morphology. How are they related?
2. What is the morphology of these words: boy a yes elephant
3. What is the name of the meaningful dependent elements before and after the base form of a
word?
B.
4. What are the roots of the following words?
· unwholesome
· rulership
· underdeveloped
· overachiever
· operational
· indispensable
C. Prefixes and suffixes
5. Is there any difference between the morphological structure of walked = walk + -ed
and kind = kind + -ness
6. How many derivational suffixes can you think of ?
7. Write down as many derivations of the word grace that you can think of :
D. Dividing morphemes
8. Divide the following using hyphens
· colourful
· happiness
· unbelievable
· teacher
· monster
· rattlesnake
E. Tree diagrams
9.
· truthfulness
· specification
· unwholesome
10. Do all the morphology exercises in the “Morphology section of the David Brett website.
LESSON 4
VOWELS
1. Are these vowel sounds long or short (write S for short and L for long):
about bad bed car door free friend
girl good head his hot it kiss
love me more must number of on
park please put should third who world
you the caught
2. Put the words in groups with the same vowel sound:
Short vowels Long vowels
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6.
7.
EXTRA PRATICE MATERIAL (VERY IMPORTANT FOR PASSING YOUR EXAM!!!)
Go to this website address: http://davidbrett.uniss.it
- sign in the guest book
- click on “Vowel sounds” (on the left of the screen towards the top)
- click on English Vowel Sounds (Flash) and you get to “Standard British Vowel Sounds”
- click on “Listen” and match the sound with the phoneme
- click on Library to hear the sounds and see them explained
- click on Index of Minimal Pairs Exercises to practice distinguishing difficult vowel sounds
- click on Grouping sounds exercises to match words with the same sound but different spelling
LESSON 5
WORD FORMATION
1. What do these words have in common:
swim rain bicycle cheat
2. How have the following groups of words been constructed?
a. CNN NATO
b. ping-pong teeny-weeny
c. motel brunch heliport
d. gas burger deli mike
e. edit televise demo
f. Aussie movie
f. quack woof
g. Darwinian Buzz Lightyear Garibaldi biscuit
h. nylon aspirin
2. Which word formation processes have created these words:
vet fantabulous Google to Google doc zig-zag to party
Fahrenheit “Sob!” hankie AIDS to biograph infotainment
3. What do these English words mean and what languages are they taken from:
alcohol boss croissant lilac piano
robot tycoon yoghurt zebra pretzel
Why do we use words from other languages? Why are so many English words used in Italian?
4. What do these words mean and what language are they used in
a. ofis khobbi boykot
b. rajio konpyu-ta kissu suupaamaaketto
c. le zapping le midwife le showbiz
What is this process of word formation called?
5. Which came first?
French le grattaciel or English skyscraper
German Ubermensch or English superman
Spanish perros calientes or English hot dogs
6. Complete the table with the plural forms of these words, as used in English and Italian:
Singular form / Plural in Italian / Plural in Englishpizza
hamburger
walkman
panino
8. What one thing do these words refer to? What is this kind of language use called?
career change opportunity coerced transition destaffing downsizing outplacement
Connect the following
after a long illness lie
be economical with the truth cancer
adult video strike
industrial action pornography
What is this phenomenon called?
LESSON 6
DIPHTHONGS + CONNECTED SPEECH
1. Look at these words and decide how many different groups of the same sound you can make:
fear go here house beer how I know
my pain home pear play there hear tour
toy voice where
2. What is the difference between this group of sounds and the sounds in 1?
player fire hour liar royal lower power
Which two pairs of words have the same sound?
3. Strong and weak syllables
a. Can you identify the weak vowels in these words:
father happy thank you open photograph radio influence
b. Can you identify the week consonants in these words:
bottle parcel threaten seven happen
4. Strong and weak forms
a. Weak or strong? the shut the door wait for the end
that I hate that dog he said that he hated the dog
there yes, there is there it is
can yes, they can they can wait
had most had gone home I thought we had
should so you should I should forget it
must he certainly must he must go
does when does he arrive yes, he does
am why am I here he’s not as old as I am
5. Where is the weak form? What is it?
read a book eat an apple come and see sad but true
better than ever take her home what’s your name? what do you think?
leave them here he’s from Mars most of all as much as possible
have some tea
6. Assimilation and elision
interest different collective political minister
two to three back to London to meet after all this afternoon
going to be meat pie bright colour
EXTRA PRACTICE MATERIAL (VERY IMPORTANT FOR PASSING YOUR EXAM!!!)
Go to this website address: http://davidbrett.uniss.it
- click on Vowel sounds”
- click on Index of Minimal Pairs Exercises
- do the exercise to distinguish “coat” v. “court” and “fair” v. “fear”
Do the exercises for Aspects of connected speech
LESSON 7
SYNTAX
Dog The Walks Hairy Park Quickly In The
Practice Sentences
- Juliet
- loves
- Romeo
- Juliet loves Romeo
- Romeo loves Juliet
- He loves carrots
- The lamb followed Mary
- Beavers build dams
- The cat killed the mouse
- Jack killed the giant
- She solved the mystery
- The witnesses helped her
- Alice followed the rabbit
- Alice followed the white rabbit
- Alice slowly followed the white rabbit
- He gave her a kiss
- She rewarded him with a kiss.
- She paid the money to the cashier.
- The porter called George a taxi
- The medicine made her ill.
- Those unhappy students failed the final exam.
- The dog bit the old man on the nose
- The woman on the bus told me the story of her life.
- He saw the girl in the green park
- He saw the girl in the blue dress
LESSON 8
STRESS + INTONATION
1. When you are listening to speech, how do you know when a syllable is stressed?
2. Can you say these sequences
a. ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: ba:
b. ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: (ba: louder than the others)
c. ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: (ba: longer than the others)
d. ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: ba: (ba: higher or lower than the others)
e. ba: ba: ba: bi: ba: ba:
3. Transcribe: photograph
photographic
photography
Mark the stressed syllables
4. Quiz – mark the stress on these words
apply enter arrive Japan envy attract assist
equal open money product estate balloon hollow
correct entertain
5. Mark the stress
smart card car park swimming pool airbag nightclub
Explain the rule
6. Mark the stress
record (disco) protest (protesta) escort (scorta) import (import) desert (deserto)
record (registrare) protest (protestare) escort (scortare) import (importare) desert (disertare)
Explain the rule
7. Practise
2 seconds
What do you do ?
What are you going to do ?
What do you think you are going to do ?
8. “It’s not what he said but the way that he said it”.
9. What is the meaning of these words?
pitch range tone rising falling loudness
10. “Will you marry me?” “Yes”
“Yes” fall “Yes” rise
“Yes” level
“Yes” fall-rise “Yes” rise-fall
11. she was wearing a green dress
she was wearing a green dress not a red one
the Conservatives, who like the proposal, are pleased
the Conservatives who like the proposal are pleased
I’ve got to take the dog for a walk
I’ve got to take the dog to the vet
12. utterance tone tone unit tonic syllable head
pre-head syllable
a. these give me these g. can you help me?
Bill called to give me these h. red, brown, yellow
b. they’re coming on Tuesday, aren’t they? i. it won’t hurt
c. in a little less than an hour j. you may be right
d. in an hour k. will you lend it to me
e. in a little less than an hour or two l. all of them
f. that is the end of the news m. wow!
EXTRA PRACTICE MATERIAL (VERY IMPORTANT FOR PASSING YOUR EXAM!!!)
Go to this website address: http://davidbrett.uniss.it
- do the exercises for Word and phrasal stress
- do the exercises for Intonation
LESSON 9
TRANSCRIPTION, REVISION AND EXAM PRACTICE
LESSON 10
ESONERO