2008 RMP Fest: Apophasis is a False God
B. Arthur and M. “Marnold” Arnold, eds.
Round 4
Tossups
1. This structure was built after the defeat of Prince Stephen Bocskay and the signing of the Treaty of Zsitvatorok and its construction was seen as a way of placating God in the wake of defeat in the Fifteen Years War. An entry ramp on this structure allows entry by horseback into the royal kiosk, and its design, which was based on a similar building named the “Sehzade”, consists of a central dome surrounded by four smaller domes, giving it the shape of a four-leaf clover. Its interior was decorated with jeweled ostrich eggs, which were believed to repel spiders, and it features the massive “elephant pillars”, which are over twenty feet in diamater, and it is controversially surrounded by six minarets. For ten points, name this mosque in Istanbul, named for the colorful tiles that line its interior.
ANSWER: The Blue Mosque [accept: Sultan Ahmed Mosque; Sultanahmed Camii] {BA}
2. Robert Cialdini’s psychological research connects this to altruism, while J.J.C. Smart is considered this school of thought’s primary modern advocate. A Torbjorn Tannsjo work titled after this proposes to “take [it] seriously” (*) while Gilbert Ryle criticized the use of the word “sensation” by this school of thought. Timothy Sprigge argues that this school of thought cannot be based on a homogenous concept and a pupil of Socrates named Aristippus founded Cyrenaicism, which followed this school of thought. Henry Sidgwick articulated the “none such” objection to this school of thought and a Robert Nozick thought experiment used to show the shortcomings of this postulates an “experience machine.” Bentham found six dimensions of value to this school’s central concept, focusing on duration and intensity, while J.S. Mill found this school fit for pigs. For ten points, name this school associated with Epicurus, which centers around the maximization of pleasure.
ANSWER: hedonism (accept equivalents like hedonisticutilitarianism, prompt on anything mentioning utilitarianismuntil the (*)) {BA/MA}
3. Outside this structure one can find three sacred trees known as ber, and one part of this structure is called the “sixty eight sacred places”. Carpets in this building incorporate the dehin style. One story about this structure relates that a mason readjusted its foundation stone, which had been set by a holy man, dooming this structure to be attacked. An army led by Jahan Khan did in fact sack this building while serving Ahmed Shah Abdali, and was decapitated in retaliation. This building’s foundation is lower than its surroundings, so that all must step down to enter it. Like other buildings of its kind, it has four entrances to symbolize its openness to travelers coming from all directions. This structure is located in the middle of a lake of nectar and can be reached via causeways. Built by Mian Mir and Arjun, this structure was the target of Operation Black Thunder and Operation Blue Sun, where government forces raided it to capture insurgents using it as a base of operations against Indira and Rajiv Ghandi. For ten points, name this large gurdwara in Amritsar, Punjab, the foremost place of worship of Sikhism.
ANSWER: The Golden Temple [accept: Harmandir Sahib; Darbar Sahib; prompt on “House of God”] {BA}
4. This figure’s offspring are said to include a goddess of ghosts, Melinoe, as well as a goddess of afterlife, Macaria. This figure was responsible for the transformation of Minthe into a mint plant, and Plutarch and a scholiast on Pindar claim that this figure was a parent of the god Zagreus, who was often identified with Dionysus. Ovid recounts that the nymph Cyane floated this figure’s girdle to the top of her spring to prove her existence, and a son of Acheron was responsible for condemning her, and was changed into a screech owl, the creature Ascalaphus. This lover of Adonis was snatched by her husband while picking flowers with some Oceanids, and was forced to stay in her husbands’ abode after eating four, seven, or eight seeds. For ten points, name this goddess who was allowed to return to her distraught mother for eight months out of every year, a daughter of Zeus and Demeter.
ANSWER: Persephone [accept: Proserpina]
5. One story of this being’s birth says he emerged from a white mirror. This being is credited with protecting his followers from smallpox and was very popular during epidemics. This god once caused the summoning of the heavenly cloud-man after he was sent to represent his sibiling, who lived in at Ise-Jingu, at a feast, where he saw that the chef making food by looking at a biome and then spitting out animals that live in that biome. This so disgusted him that he killed that chef, who was Uke Mochi the kami of food. This forced him to move to the opposite side of the sky as his sister, Amateratsu the sun goddess. For ten points, name this Shinto kami of the moon.
ANSWER: Tsukuyomi {BA}
6. In one story, this man crushes some chess pieces into dust after being attacked by the ravens of one of his followers; that story is narrated by his messenger Iddawg and turns out to be a three-day dream. That tale is recounted in The Dream of Rhonabwy. One story about this man details an expedition he led to fortress of Annwfn to retrieve a magical cauldron. This man owned the shield Priwen and the spear Ron, and he used a law made by Bishop Brice to come to power. In another story, this man leads a quest to discover the daughter of the giant Ysbaddaden Pencawr at the behest of the man she is to marry. This man’s allies include King Hoel, as well as Ban and Bohort. This star of Culhwch and Olwen won the Battle of Mount Badon but at the Battle of Camlan he is killed, despite possessing Caliburn, his sword. For ten points, name this cousin of Mordred who pulled a sword from a stone.
ANSWER: King Arthur {BA}
7. “Critical” and “Short” introductions to this philosopher have been written by William Outhwaite and James Gordon Finlayson respectively. Dialogues with this thinker and Derrida are found in Philosophy in a Time of Terror while his closest American colleague and usual translator is Thomas McCarthy. A discussion of Durkheim, Mead and purposive activity opens the second volume of his best-known work. That volume is called “Lifeworld and System” while volume one is “Reason and Rationalization of Society.” Both volumes discuss concepts central to this philosopher’s thought, including universal pragmatics and ideal speech situations in deliberative democracy. Also known for his Between Facts and Norms and Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, FTP, identify this still-living member of the Frankfurt school, a student of Adorno best known for his Theory of Communicative Action.
ANSWER: Jurgen Habermas {MA}
8. Lyman Ray Patterson wrote a 1968 book on this concept “in Historical Perspective”. Melville Nimmer wrote a seminal 1963 treatise on this concept. In Great Britain, this concept was the subject of the 1762 case Tonson v. Collins and one exception to this concept was created in the 1741 case Gyles v. Wilcox. This concept became part of British law by the 1710 Statue of Anne, and in 2005 the British thinker Simon Moores published a paper on this concept titled “March of the Spiders”. This concept is the subject of the Berne Convention, which regulates its international use. In the United States, laws about this subject are based on the Consequentialist school of thought, and this concept is criticized by David Levine. When the final syllable of this concept is replaced with “left”, it describes systems such as the GNU, and the “poor man’s” variety of this concept involves mailing to one’s self. For ten points, name this legal concept which gives authors the right to control their creations.
ANSWER: copyright [prompt on “intellectual property” until “left”] {BA}
9. In one story, this being is sent to recover a ball and a mallet that had fallen into a hole in the ground, but because he wears perfume and expensive clothes he is captured as an intruder. Later in that story, this being notes that it is good to have many sons, as they will make offerings to for you when you are in the underworld. Elsewhere, the appearance of this being is compared to the gods Sumukan and Ashnan, whose tastes in hair and fashion he seems to share, and this being may be as strong as a meteorite of Anu. This being, who once interpreted five dreams as good omens, is given a pendant when he visits the Egalmah Temple to see Ninsun, a great queen. This being fashions a great door out of cedar after participating in the slaying of Humbaba. Shamat is a temple prostitute who sleeps with this being, who, despite the pleas of Shamash, is killed by the gods for slaying the Bull of Heaven. For ten points, name this wild-man of Mesopotamian myth, the best friend of Gilgamesh.
ANSWER: Enkidu {BA}
10. One of his works lists instances of “figures” with source citations like Werther listed parallel to the text. That work is a glossary that explores the relationship between the Subject, the Rival and the Beloved and is called A Lover’s Discourse. He explores political, poetic and bourgeois types of the titular activity in a work frequently published alongside his Elements of Semiology. In one of his better-known works he analyzes cultural phenomena like the legends about Einstein’s brain, the role of villain in professional wrestling and the face of Greta Garbo while yet another book concerns itself with the Balzac story Sarassine. FTP, identify this influential French literary theorist, philosopher and author of Writing Degree Zero, Mythologies, and S/Z.
ANSWER: Roland Barthes {MA}
11. This being owned a bull that was really the god Dharma in disguise. This being himself turned into a bull to avoid committing incest, and his consort once turned into a she-goat. According to one story, this being had ten surviving children and fifty other children who killed each other in quarrels. A Smriti supposedly written by this being contains a set of social codes for different castes that are known as this being’s laws. This being met Matsya, a constantly-growing fish that turned out to be an avatar of Vishu, who instructed this being to build a great boat, allowing him to survive a great flood. For ten points, name this first man from Hindu tradition, who shares his name with a San Antonio Spurs player from Argentina.
ANSWER: Manu {BA}
12. In addition to being the patron of coppersmiths, the god Hadur held this role in Hungarian paganism. Among the Fijians, Samulayo serves this role. The Maori god with this role is said to have angered the wind god, who punished him by creating the hurricanes that plague mankind to this day. Apart from Tumatauenga, this role was held by the goddess Ankt in Egyptian mythology, and sometimes by the goddess who spat out Apophis, Nieth. The forest god Cocidius and his associate Belatu-Cadros held this role among the insular Celts, while Camulus held this role among the Gauls. The Aztec god with this role was born after his mother was impregnated with a ball of feathers. Greek goddesses with this role include Enyo. The Hindu deity with this role rides a peacock and is sometimes called Subrahmanya or Karttikeya. For ten points, name this role shared by Murugan, Huitzilopochtli, and Ares.
ANSWER: God of War {BA}
13. This god is credited as the father of Sinis, a forest-dwelling giant who was slain by Theseus. This god impregnated Chione, a daughter of Boreas, siring his son Eumolpus. The monster ketos was sacred to this deity. This deity took the form of a bull to impregnate Arne, and he had three sons named Actor, Belus, and Dictys by Agamede. Through his son Agenor, this god is the grandfather of Europa. This deity was raised by the Telchines on the isle of Rhodes. With Euryale, this god sired the man who would rape Merope, the great hunter Orion. As part of a contest, this god used his spear to create a spring, but his rival Athena created an olive tree, which was deemed more useful, and thus won naming rights to Athens. This god is also credited with giving men the gift of horses, and he is married to Amphitrite. For ten points, name this Greek god of the sea.
ANSWER: Poseidon [accept: Neptune] {BA}
14. Early in his career, this one-time assistant of Josef Frings was associated with Edward Schillebeeckx, Hans Kung, Karl Rahner, and other exponents of the “New Theology” movement. Along with Hans Urs von Balthasar and Walter Kaspar, this man founded Communio, a journal of theology. One of this man’s works titled Dominus Iesus controversially left the filoque clause out of the Nicean creed and appears to imply a belief that salvation can be found outside of the Catholic Church. In Spe Salvi, this man clarified the definition of hope in Catholic theology, and Deus Cartias Est, or “God is love” was the title of his first encyclical. He has also condemned the “Dictatorship of Relativism” in modern European society. For ten points, name this Bavarian theologian and former Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith who succeeded John Paul II as Pope.
ANSWER: Benedict XVI [accept: Joseph Ratzinger; prompt on “The Pope” if he is still pope on the date of this tournament] {BA}
15. According to a tossup at 2004 ACF Nationals, this figure is “comparable in many ways to Santa Clause”. This figure’s name may be partially derived from a word for “robber fly”, and one story of this figure’s birth says that he was born when an eagle shot an arrow into an insect. Another theory is that this figure represents a traveling merchant. Among the Taos and Acoma peoples, this figure carries a bag of presents on his back, but other peoples see him as carrying songs or seeds. This figure is frequently depicted as a kachina doll. Girls are told to avoid bathing in the river because of this figure, who may impregnate them by use of his detachable phallus. For ten points, name this trickster god of the American southwest, depicted as a hunched-over man playing a flute.
ANSWER: Kokopelli {BA}
16. Y.S. Lincoln argues for using this as a guide in research ethics while one of the leading explicators of this concept is Herbert James Paton. One objection to this concept by David Ross relies on the certainty of everyone lying, while Louis Beck questioned this concept’s scope with an example of writing your name in a book. One of the best-known objections came from Benjamin Constant, inspiring this concept’s originator to reply with “On a Supposed Right to Tell Lies from Benevolent Motives.” That reply argues that an “enquiring murderer” asking about the location of his victim should still be answered truthfully to respect this concept. Coming in “Kingdom of Heaven” and “Universal Law” formulations, FTP, identify this construct set forth in Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals that says to act as if your actions would be made a universal law, the best known ethical construct of Immanuel Kant.
ANSWER: Categorical Imperative (accept Kategorischer Imperativ) {MA}
17. According to the Bah’ai faith, this action was rendered unnecessary by the writing of the Suriy-i-Haykal, which is seen as a metaphorical performance of this task. “11QT” or “11Q19” are designations given to one of the Dead Sea Scrolls that, among other things, gives instructions on how to perform this task. A man made out of bronze appeared in a vision to one prophet and explained how to perform this action; that vision is recounted in Chapter 40 of Ezekiel, and Zechariah explains that this action will be performed by “the Branch”. This action is the goal of the organization Revava, and the Mizrak is one of many objects created by a namesake Institute dedicated to performing this action. After this action is performed, one might see the sacrifice of red heifers and the restoration of the privileges of the Cohanim. For ten points, identify this action which, if done now, would probably mean the destruction of the Dome of the Rock and the building of a new Holy of Holies, the revival of a place of worship first built by Solomon.
ANSWER: Rebuilding the Temple in Jerusalem [accept clear equivalents] {EN}
18. This man was nicknamed “boots” for his habit of refusing to ride a horse despite the fact that he held high office. This man’s follower, Dietricht of Freiberg, wrote a treatise on rainbows, and this man’s student Hugh of Stasbourg wrote “Compendium of True Theology”. This man’s more notable student Ulrich of Strasbourg wrote a commentary on meteors, as well as a treatise titled “Of the Highest Good”. On behalf of Pope Urban IV, this one-time Bishop of Ratisbon preached the Eighth Crusade in Austria and Bavaria. He rejected the concept of “double truth” put forth by Siger de Brabant and other Averroists and distinguished “adept intellect” from “assimilated intellect”. He argued that forms exist due to a “summoning of the good” and that all things which exist are good because God is good and wrote the treatises On Vegetables and On Minerals, as well as numerous works on alchemy and astrology, and he is credited with discovering arsenic. For ten points, name this German scholastic and teacher of Thomas Aquinas whose nickname means “the great”.