Colonization and Settlement of America

UNIT FOCUS – focus is on reasons for exploration, colonization, settlement and their impact on different societies

CRITICAL UNDERSTANDINGS

  1. Movement leads to interaction among different societies.
  2. Exploration and colonization leads to changes in societies.

UNIT CONCEPTS

  1. Movement
  2. Exploration
  3. Interaction
  4. Colonization

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

  1. Plantation
  2. Proprietor
  3. Society
  4. Values
  5. Beliefs
  6. Class
  7. Immigrants
  8. Import
  9. Export
  10. Economy
  11. Resources

Extra Vocabulary

  1. Charter
  2. Indentured
  3. Mercantilism
  4. Quality

I. DID YOU GET YOUR COOTIE SHOT?

Exploration of new lands leads to interaction among diverse groups

Reasons for Exploration

•Expanding ______—needed more ______

•Trade increased – merchants wanted access to _____–______, _____, porcelain

•Three G’s—in this order

•1. _____*any riches (gold, silver, resources) Most important to most explorers

•2. ____*to convert natives

•3. ______*to make a name for themselves

•First European explorers to reach the Americas were ______–______– Canada – around ______A.D.

•Christopher Columbus – Caribbean - 1492 A.D.

•______is first European country to permanently colonize the New World

•______—first European to map North and South America (1501)

•Natives were treated poorly –______– used for agricultural (______) and mining work (______)

Locations

•English focused on the ______Coastline of North America

•Interested in room for expanding ______

•______

•Protestant Reformation – ______

•Late entering American colonization due to issues at home

Roanoke Voyages

•English made ___ voyages to the ______of North Carolina (1584, 1585, 1587); organized by ______(NC capital named for him)

•1st voyage—named land ______

•2nd voyage—found ______, attempt to create military settlement, ended in violence with local natives

•3rd voyage—______—a colony of men, women, and children led by ______; do not know what happened to them

Jamestown

  • 1st ______English settlement – Virginia in ______
  • ______(military leader), ______(tobacco), Pocahontas (married Rolfe, not Smith)
  • Colony almost did not survive – bad location
  • 1608 – ______
  • 1619 (a big year): ______(1st representative assembly), English ______arrive, Africans brought as ______

______

  1. RESOURCES DO MAKE A DIFFERENCE

Environmental, cultural, and economic factors can influence patterns of migration and settlement

Colonies developed different identities according to climate and charter

•Split into ______regions – 13 colonies

•______(MA, NH,RI,CN) – settled by many people seeking religious freedom –- Economy was based on fishing, lumbering, and shipbuilding

•______(NY, NJ,PA,DE) ––More of a mix coming for religious freedom and economic opportunities – more diverse backgrounds

•______–(MD, VA, NC, SC, GA) mostly came for economic opportunities

•Economy was based on agriculture – ______

•Georgia – place for ______and ______to live

Immigrant Groups of the 13 colonies

•New England

•______- Settled in Massachusetts in 1620 – Plymouth

•______- Settled in Massachusetts in 1630 – Boston

•Wanted ______freedom

•Middle Colonies

•Catholics

•Quakers –______

•More tolerant

•Carolina

•Settled by members of the other colonies. Original settlers English. Granted a private company in 1663 and divided into two colonies in 1711.

•Great place to grow indigo, rice, and tobacco.

•Name came from the Latin word______, meaning “Charles.”

•Officially became a state on November 21, 1789.

•______– 8 noble supporters of Charles II, awarded Carolina in return for their support – 1663

•1706 –______– first NC town

•1710 –______founded – became 1st capital of NC

•Three regions

•1. ______in east

•2. ______in central

•3. ______in west

______

WITNESS PROTECTION

Colonization often created new cultural identities

New Immigration

•NC becomes royal colony in 1728.

•New settlers

•1. ______– settled in east

•2. ______– settled in east

•3. ______–settled in Piedmont – backcountry

•Great Wagon Road

•______– name their land Wachovia

•1766 – establish the towns of Bethabara and Salem

•4. ______– brought as slaves – fewer than many other southern colonies

Economy/Social Structure

•Economy – North Carolina was mostly agricultural.

•______– Tobacco, Rice, and Indigo

•______– tar, pitch, turpentine

•Trade was difficult due to NC’s lack of ______and difficult ______.

Social Classes

•1. ______– rich planters, doctors, lawyers

•2. ______– craftsmen – blacksmith, cobblers

•3. ______– Yeomen – biggest group

•4. ______– poor people who bought their passage to America with their service.

•5. ______

•______– three-part voyage

•A. Europe to Africa – manufactured trade goods

•B. Africa to America (______)- slaves

•C. America to Europe – raw materials (lumber, cotton, tobacco)

•Growing conflict between Eastern and Western NC over taxes and political power.

YOU’RE STILL UNDER MY CONTROL

Colonial governments are often influenced by the mother country

Early Government in the Colonies

•______– limited King’s power; gave representative government (Parliament) more power

•______– the people elect representatives to speak for them in government

•______– first attempt at self-government in the English colonies

•______– first form of American government in which all free men could participate

•______– first representative government in America

•______– privately-owned colony

•______– government-run colony

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