EOG Coach Book Review: Oceans, Water Quality and Human Health

EOG Coach Book Review: Oceans, Water Quality and Human Health

Lesson 18: Pages 142-146

1. How do scientists learn about Earth’s history?

2. What are some examples of natural resources?

3. How do fish and other organisms take in oxygen?

4. Where does most of the dissolved oxygen in the ocean come from?

5. Under the heading “Ocean Resources Used by People” there are four paragraphs. Summarize each paragraph using one or two complete sentence for each (so at minimum four sentences total).

6. Describe Oceanography.

7. Scientists on a ship are using SONAR to map the ocean floor. They send out a sound pulse at Point A that takes 4 seconds to return to the ship. At Point B, the sound pulse takes 8 seconds to return. What conclusion can be drawn about the depth of the water at Points A and B?

Lesson 19: Pages 147-151

1. Under the heading “Ocean Life” there is a short paragraph and a chart showing the various organisms of the ocean. Draw out the chart out as is, but define the group using your own words.

2. What are changes in depth accompanied by?

3. What are the three zones the ocean is divided into (distance from the shore)?

4. Where is the intertidal zone?

5. Give two examples of organism’s adaptations to living in the intertidal zone.

6. One page 149 the top three paragraphs describe the neritic zone and its ecosystems. Write at least two summary sentences per paragraph (for a total of 6 sentences).

7. Describe upwelling.

8. The oceanic zone is made up of the ______.

9. List four types of organisms that live in the oceanic zone.

10. What characterizes the abyss?

11. Define hydrothermal vents. Can any organism live on or near them?

12. Unique ecosystems called estuaries form where?

13. What resources do estuaries have for the organisms that thrive there?

Lesson 21: Pages 157-160

1. What three indicators do scientists use to determine water quality?

2. List four physical indicators that test for water quality.

3. Cold water can hold ______dissolved oxygen than warmer water can.

4. What is dissolved oxygen related to?

5. Why is an increase in temperature an indicator of poor water health?

6. What does pH test?

7. What can cause high turbidity in water?

8. Define nitrates. How do they enter the water stream?

9. Why do algal blooms harm water systems?

10. Why are trout good bio-indicators?

11. Read the section, starting on page 159, titled “Monitoring the Lower Cape Fear River Watershed”. Then look at the graph on page 161. The graph shows dissolved oxygen concentrations at a sampling site in the Lower Cape Fear River watershed. What is the most likely cause of the low dissolved oxygen concentrations in July?

Lesson 22: Pages 162-164

1. Remote sensing allows scientists to ______.

2. How can satellite images help scientists? List three specific examples.

3. Scientists monitor El Nino events using ______and ______.

4. How do GPS (global positioning systems) work?

5. How are GPS and GIS different?

6. How does a GIS store information?

Lesson 23: Pages 166-169

1. What is pollution? Give three examples.

2. Draw a Venn diagram to show the differences and similarities between point-source pollution and non-point-source pollution.

3. Using the chart on page 167 titled “Sources of Water Pollution”,summarize the causes of the two pollution sources in at least 4 sentences (two for each source).

4. List two ways too many nutrients in the water can be harmful.

5. How do farmers and feedlot operators limit the amount of damage done to waterways?

6. What are three examples of how different individuals can reduce or eliminate sources of pollution that can damage local water systems?

Lesson 24: Pages 170-173

1. What does the Clean Water Act of 1972 focus on? What is its goal?

2. How does the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) help the environment?

3. Summarize two other laws that focus on protecting ocean waters.

4. Why are water quality standards set?

5. Define the words wastewater, and wastewater treatment plant.

6. What steps do wastewater treatment plants take to treat water?

7. List one disadvantage of using a septic system.

8. How does the drain field in a septic system help to clean wastewater?