Physical Property

Any such characteristic of a material that you observe without changing the substance that make up the material. Senses touch taste smell see hear. all matter has pp length width and volume. The behavior of a material every substance has pp that distinguish it from other substances.All matter hasphysical properties - length, width, volume, and behavior of material pp are to distinguish it from other substances.

CHEMICAL PROPERTY The characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a specific chemical change. Example the tendency to burn flammable combustible exposed to light.

Physical Change if you don’t cause a change in the identity of substance then you have a pc. Example PCs are if it freezes,boils, if it evaporates, sublimes, and condense . Ex iron melts poured into a container is cooled reshaped.

Chemical Change a change of substance in a material to a different substance .Ex when you smell burnt toast a chemical change occurred smell = chemical

Ten things that clue us to know that there has been a change chemical.

  1. Bubbles appear
  2. Precipitation forms- solid within substance
  3. Color change- each element has it’s own
  4. Temperature change u and down in it’s own substance bond are broken
  5. See lightproduced-light match firework
  6. Change in volume- explode
  7. Change in electrical conductivity
  8. Change in melting pt. or boiling pt. compound NaCl SALT
  9. Smell or odor/taste

10.If chemical or physical property is changed

Chemical Property

The tendency of a substance to burn a characteristic of a

Substance that indicates it can go through a chemical change.

Ex.Flammable, fire, combustible (exploding) exposure to light

(Ruins it)

Conservation of mass

There is NO loss or gain of mass slurring a chemical change so we

Can say that matter is neither lost nor gained (destroyed or created)

All substance mass before = all substance after

Element-when all atoms in a sample are the same: There are 111

Mixture-combined elements or compounds can be stirred but not chemically bonded. You can separate the atoms by physical means 2 types of mixture.

Heterogeneous mixture-separate all the difference atoms from the mixture

Ex- granite, and human blood

Homogeneous- add water it becomes a solution in order to be separate it needs to go through a physical change

Ex- copper sulfate, CuSO4 solution

Compound is a pure substance- 2 or more elements water is an example- each molecule H2O cannot be broken down into other components by physical processes

Homogeneous Mixture

Solution

  • A solution is made up of a solute and solvent
  • Solute is a substance being dissolved Ex. Sugar
  • Solvent is the dissolving agent Ex. Water universal solvent
  • The solvent or solute may be in any phase, gas liquid, or solid
  • A path of light is visible in a solution, it doesn’t scatter

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Composition and properties are not uniform throughout

  • 2 types

Colloids and suspension

Colloids-

Greek word “Kolla”- 19th century

“Glue like” glue and gelatin

  • Stable and uniform mixture
  • Scatter light (therefore they exibit the Tyndell effect) beam of light is visible throughout the mixture.
  • Particle size 1-1000 nanometers
  • So tiny that they can’t be retained by ordinary filter paper- ex. Gel, toothpaste, shaving cream, mayonnaise, pudding, Jell-O gelatin, homogenized milk, blood
  • Colloid
  • gas in solid Ex marshmallow
  • gas in liquid Ex shaving cream
  • gas in gas ex smoke fog
  • liquid in liquid ex perfumes
  • Colloid structure is destroyed in a process called coagulation small suspended particles are attracted to each other and clump together. Example scab, filtering of water

Suspensions

  • Heterogeneous mixture
  • Unstable mix. They settle overtime
  • Particles size is larger than colloid 1000 NM
  • Can be separated by normal filter paper

Ex. Italian dressing, fresh squeezed orange juice, house paint, muddy water

Sustances are elements or compounds. The odor of substances is a physical property. Anything can be separated into simpler parts through differences in physical properties.Conservation of mass states that the mass of all substances before a chemical equals the mass of all the substances after the change. The freezing of water is a physical change. Homogenous mixtures can be separated by physical changes. A colloid consisting of aluminum indioxside is used to remove pollutions from water. A fruit salad is a heterogeneous mixture. Color is a physical property. When a firecracker explodes, mass isn’t lost.

Most air pollutants are a result of human activity. A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture. The breaking of a glass window is physical change. Three examples of physical change are boiling water, bursting a balloon, and melting a candle. Steam is a substance. The color of ink is a physical property. Smoke is an example of a colloid. When gasoline is turned in an engine new substance are formed. Solution is another name for homogeneous mixture. When two more substances are combined, each substance maintains its own property, the result is a mixture. Coagulation is used to remove particles from water. The scattering of light by colloids is called Tyndell’s effect. A suspension is not homogeneous. The particles that make up all matter are called atoms. Matter is classified as substance and mixtures. A colloid that is known to the public is called smog. Most larger particles are removed from water from filtration. The resistance of a diamond (a form of colloid) to corrosion is a chemical property. When sugar and sand are mixed together, the properties of the final substance are the same as those of the beginning substances. The ability of some solids to change directly from a solid to a gas is a physical property.