NAME: ______DATE: ______PERIOD: _____

FALL FINAL STUDY GUIDE

THIS IS NOT A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE

CH. 9 MENDELIAN GENETICS (20)

  1. Heterozygous individuals have two of the same alleles for a particular gene.
  2. True
  3. False
  4. If a mutated piece of DNA is carried in a recessive allele, the only way for this mutated allele to be expressed in a child born to two unaffected parents would be for both parents to be heterozygous carriers of this mutated allele.
  5. True
  6. False
  7. When two different alleles for a gene occur together, the one that is expressed is called
  8. dominant
  9. phenotypic
  10. recessive
  11. superior
  12. An organism that has inherited two of the same alleles of a gene from its parents is ______for that trait.
  13. hereditary
  14. heterozygous
  15. homozygous
  16. mutation
  17. The device illustrated below, which is used to organize genetic analysis, is called a
  18. Mendelian box
  19. Punnett square
  20. genetic graph
  21. phenotypic paradox
  1. Assume B = black, b = brown. The B phenotype of the offspring indicated by Box 3 in the diagram above would be
  2. brown.
  3. black.
  4. The phenotype cannot be determined.
  5. When sperm and egg cells fuse during fertilization, the resulting offspring has two ______for each trait.
  6. When two members of the F1 generation are crossed, the offspring are referred to as the ______generation.
  7. The likelihood that a specific event will occur is called ______.
  8. A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits is called a ______cross.
  9. Define genotype.
  10. Give an example of:
  11. homozygous dominant
  12. heterozygous
  13. homozygous recessive
  14. Define phenotype. Give an example.

CH. 12 HUMAN GENETICS (15)

  1. If a mutated piece of DNA is carried on the X chromosome, the only way for this mutated allele to be expressed in a child born to two unaffected parents would be for the child to be a girl.
  2. True
  3. False
  4. An autosomal trait will occur with equal frequency in both males and females.
  5. True
  6. False
  7. The law of independent assortment applies only to genes that are
  8. sex-linked.
  9. located on different chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome.
  10. located on the same chromosome.
  11. autosomal.
  12. Humans can have blood phenotypes of A, AB, B, or O. The four blood types result from
  13. codominance.
  14. incomplete dominance.
  15. multiple alleles.
  16. A polygenic trait.
  1. The inheritance of the human traits of height, weight, and body build are controlled by more than one set of alleles. Each trait is an example of
  2. codominance.
  3. incomplete dominance.
  4. sex-linked inheritance.
  5. a polygenic trait.
  6. A human with the sex genotype XY is
  7. a male.
  8. a dwarf.
  9. a female.
  10. carrying an extra chromosome.
  11. Humans who have three copies of chromosome 21 develop a genetic disorder called ______.
  12. Males are much more likely to develop hemophilia and other sex-linked disorders than______.
  13. By constructing a human ______, genetic counselors can study how a trait was inherited over several generations in a single family.
  14. A ______happens when a chromosome piece breaks off and reattaches to another nonhomologous chromosome.
  15. How would the pedigree look for an autosomal recessive disorder?
  16. How would the pedigree look for an X-linked disorder?

CH. 10 MOLECULAR GENETICS (25)

  1. A gene may be described as
  2. a sequence of amino acids.
  3. special proteins found in chromosomes.
  4. a sequence of nucleotides that codes for a specific protein.
  5. a sequence of nucleotides that codes for the production of starches and sugars.
  6. The enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix is called DNA
  7. polymerase.
  8. amylase. .
  9. helicase.
  1. In DNA, four forms of this molecule each have a different type of
  2. phosphate group.
  3. sugar.
  4. nitrogen base.
  5. None of the above
  1. Which of the following would represent the sequence of DNA from which the mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC was made?
  2. CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
  3. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG
  4. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG.
  5. AGA-CCT-GTA-GGA.
  6. The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC are
  7. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG.
  8. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG.
  9. CUC-GAA-CGU-CUU.
  10. CUU-CGU-GAA-CUC.


  1. Use the table to determine which of the following represents the portion of the protein molecule coded for by mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC.
  2. serine - tyrosine - arginine - glycine
  3. valine - aspartic acid - proline - histidine
  4. leucine - lysine - cysteine - phenylalanine
  5. glutamic acid - phenylalanine - threonine - lysine
  6. Watson and Crick determined that DNA molecules have the shape of a______.
  7. The information contained in a molecule of mRNA is used to make protein during the process of ______.
  8. Nucleotide sequences of tRNA that are complementary to codons on mRNA are called ______.
  9. What goes on during replication?
  10. What goes on during transcription?
  11. What goes on during translation?