Deviance, Crime, Corrections, and Social Control

Content Questions

  1. Explain the following statement: Deviance is relative.
  2. Describe how deviance is used to maintain social control and make social life possible.
  3. Compare the biological, psychological, and sociological explanations about why people violate norms.
  4. Analyze and compare how the different perspectives (functionalist, conflict, and interactionist) define and explain deviance.
  5. Analyze the expectations, responsibilities, and limitations society has created for police in maintaining social control and limiting deviance.
  6. Analyze the goals, responsibilities, and limitations society has created for the courts and corrections in maintaining social control and limiting deviance

Key Terms:

Alternative Sentencing AnomieArrest Rate

AttachmentCapital PunishmentCapitalistic class

Commitments ConformityControl Theory

ConvictionCorporate CrimeCrime

Criminal Justice SystemCultural Goals Cultural Transmission Theory

Degradation CeremonyDeterrence Deviance

Deviant AdaptationDeviant CareerDeviant Identity

Differential AssociationGangGenetic Predispositions

Goal Means GapHate CrimeHustler

Illegitimate Opportunity Structures Incarceration

Incarceration RateInnovationInvolvements

Institutionalized MeansInstrument of OppressionJuvenile

Labeling TheoryMarginal Working ClassMaster Status

Mandatory MinimumsMedicalization of DevianceNegative Sanction

One PercentersOrganized CrimeParole

Personality DisorderPlea BargainPolice Discretion

Positive DeviancePositive SanctionPrimary Deviance

PrisonProbationProperty Crime

RebellionRecidivism RateRehabilitation

RetreatismRetributionRitualism

Saints and RoughnecksSecondary DevianceSecurity Level

SentencingShamingSocial Bonds

Social ControlSocial OrderSocial Protection

StigmaStrain TheoryStreet Crime

Street GangTechniques of NeutralizationThree Strikes

Victimless CrimeViolent CrimeWalsh Theory

White Collar CrimeXYY Theory______

Key Individuals

Howard BeckerNapoleon ChagnonWilliam Chambliss

Emile DurkheimRobert EdgertonHarold Garfinkel

Erving GoffmanTravis HirschiDavid Matza

Robert MertonWalter RecklessEdwin Sutherland

Gresham SykesThomas SzaszSadhir Venkatesh

Mark Watson______

______

Reading Guiding Questions 1:

A. Pages 204-208

  1. From the Yanomamo viewpoint their actions were conformist while to Chagnon, they were deviant. Who was right? (p. 204)
  2. According to traditional beliefs, why would Donald Trump have been hanged in China? (p. 204)
  3. How does the sociologist’s definition of deviance differ from the general public’s definition? (p. 204)
  4. What are some ways that one can become a deviant without even doing anything? (p. 204)
  5. Why is deviance considered threatening? (p. 205)
  6. What are the different types of sanctions? (p. 206)
  7. How are shaming and degradation ceremonies used to encourage conformity? (p.206)
  8. Look at the picture on the top of page 207. Do you believe that the shaming of those women is an effective and appropriate form of encouraging norm conformity?
  9. Answer the following questions after you read the Thinking Critically Box on page 207-208. Do you believe that the marriage in Nebraska should be considered deviant? What about the Hmong “marriage?” The German ID card?
  10. Define/Id any of the key terms and names that appeared in this reading section.