General Chemistry, Acids and Bases

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. What information is not given by the formula C6H12O6?

a. / number of atoms / c. / position of atoms
b. / kinds of atoms / d. / numerical proportions of atoms

Figure 01.01

____ 2. If there were eight neutrons in the nucleus of the Figure 01.01 diagram, how would it be related to the original?

a. / It would be a molecule. / c. / It would be an isotopic form.
b. / Its charge would increase. / d. / Its charge would decrease.

____ 3. The black dots in the Figure 01.01 diagram represent ____.

a. / atoms / c. / electrons
b. / molecules / d. / chemical bonds

____ 4. If an atom or a molecule gains or loses an electron, it becomes a(n)

a. / different element. / c. / isotope.
b. / nonfunctional molecule. / d. / ion.

____ 5. In a covalent bond, two atoms share electrons. This type of bonding

a. / allows atoms to always share electrons equally.
b. / helps to fill electron shells.
c. / is easily broken.
d. / occurs only between different elements.

____ 6. Which of these foods had the greatest concentration of H+ ions?

a. / apple, pH 2.9 / c. / corn, pH 6.2
b. / bread, pH 5.5 / d. / milk, pH 6.6

The charts show the results of a series of tests using the chemical indicators bromothymol blue (BTB) and limewater. BTB is blue in a basic solution and is yellow in an acidic solution. A precipitate forms in limewater when carbon dioxide is added.

Tubes / Indicator / Material added / Color after 5 minutes
T1 / bromothymol blue / nothing / blue
T2 / bromothymol blue / 10 dry seeds / blue
T3 / bromothymol blue / 10 sprouting seeds / yellow
T4 / bromothymol blue / dilute acid / yellow
T5 / bromothymol blue / carbonated water / yellow
T6 / bromothymol blue / breath, through straw / yellow
Tubes / Indicator / Material added / Color after 5 minutes
T7 / limewater / nothing / clear
T8 / limewater / dilute acid / clear
T9 / limewater / carbonated water / precipitate
T10 / limewater / breath, through straw / precipitate

____ 7. Refer to the information above. In this experiment, T1

a. / serves as a control for bromothymol blue tests.
b. / is unnecessary.
c. / should have changed to yellow.
d. / has the same function as T2.

____ 8. Refer to the information above. When a scientist says that a tube of limewater will remain clear if dead insects are placed in it, he is

a. / making a prediction.
b. / reporting the result of an experiment.
c. / making an observation.
d. / stating a conclusion of an experiment.

____ 9. Which of these is generally not considered to be organic?

a. / carbon dioxide / c. / protein
b. / carbohydrate / d. / lipid

Problem: Solve the following. You may NOT use a calculator to do this problem.

10.  The hydrogen ion concentration of a solution is 0.000000000963. Calculate the pH of the solution. SHOW ANY AND ALL WORK TO RECEIVE CREDIT!

N / 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9
1.0 / 0 / 4z43408 / 4z86772 / 3z13009 / 3z17337 / 3z21661 / 3z25980 / 3z30295 / 3z34605 / 3z38912
1.1 / 0.041393 / 0.041787 / 0.042182 / 0.042576 / 0.042969 / 0.043362 / 0.043755 / 0.044148 / 0.04454 / 0.044932
1.2 / 0.079181 / 0.079543 / 0.079904 / 0.080266 / 0.080626 / 0.080987 / 0.081347 / 0.081707 / 0.082067 / 0.082426
1.3 / 0.113943 / 0.114277 / 0.114611 / 0.114944 / 0.115278 / 0.115611 / 0.115943 / 0.116276 / 0.116608 / 0.11694
1.4 / 0.146128 / 0.146438 / 0.146748 / 0.147058 / 0.147367 / 0.147676 / 0.147985 / 0.148294 / 0.148603 / 0.148911
1.5 / 0.176091 / 0.176381 / 0.17667 / 0.176959 / 0.177248 / 0.177536 / 0.177825 / 0.178113 / 0.178401 / 0.178689
1.6 / 0.20412 / 0.204391 / 0.204663 / 0.204934 / 0.205204 / 0.205475 / 0.205746 / 0.206016 / 0.206286 / 0.206556
1.7 / 0.230449 / 0.230704 / 0.23096 / 0.231215 / 0.23147 / 0.231724 / 0.231979 / 0.232234 / 0.232488 / 0.232742
1.8 / 0.255273 / 0.255514 / 0.255755 / 0.255996 / 0.256237 / 0.256477 / 0.256718 / 0.256958 / 0.257198 / 0.257439
1.9 / 0.278754 / 0.278982 / 0.279211 / 0.279439 / 0.279667 / 0.279895 / 0.280123 / 0.280351 / 0.280578 / 0.280806
2.0 / 0.30103 / 0.301247 / 0.301464 / 0.301681 / 0.301898 / 0.302114 / 0.302331 / 0.302547 / 0.302764 / 0.30298
2.1 / 0.322219 / 0.322426 / 0.322633 / 0.322839 / 0.323046 / 0.323252 / 0.323458 / 0.323665 / 0.323871 / 0.324077
2.2 / 0.342423 / 0.34262 / 0.342817 / 0.343014 / 0.343212 / 0.343409 / 0.343606 / 0.343802 / 0.343999 / 0.344196
2.3 / 0.361728 / 0.361917 / 0.362105 / 0.362294 / 0.362482 / 0.362671 / 0.362859 / 0.363048 / 0.363236 / 0.363424
2.4 / 0.380211 / 0.380392 / 0.380573 / 0.380754 / 0.380934 / 0.381115 / 0.381296 / 0.381476 / 0.381656 / 0.381837
2.5 / 0.39794 / 0.398114 / 0.398287 / 0.398461 / 0.398634 / 0.398808 / 0.398981 / 0.399154 / 0.399328 / 0.399501
2.6 / 0.414973 / 0.41514 / 0.415307 / 0.415474 / 0.415641 / 0.415808 / 0.415974 / 0.416141 / 0.416308 / 0.416474
2.7 / 0.431364 / 0.431525 / 0.431685 / 0.431846 / 0.432007 / 0.432167 / 0.432328 / 0.432488 / 0.432649 / 0.432809
2.8 / 0.447158 / 0.447313 / 0.447468 / 0.447623 / 0.447778 / 0.447933 / 0.448088 / 0.448242 / 0.448397 / 0.448552
2.9 / 0.462398 / 0.462548 / 0.462697 / 0.462847 / 0.462997 / 0.463146 / 0.463296 / 0.463445 / 0.463594 / 0.463744
3.0 / 0.477121 / 0.477266 / 0.477411 / 0.477555 / 0.4777 / 0.477844 / 0.477989 / 0.478133 / 0.478278 / 0.478422
3.1 / 0.491362 / 0.491502 / 0.491642 / 0.491782 / 0.491922 / 0.492062 / 0.492201 / 0.492341 / 0.492481 / 0.492621
3.2 / 0.50515 / 0.505286 / 0.505421 / 0.505557 / 0.505693 / 0.505828 / 0.505964 / 0.506099 / 0.506234 / 0.50637
3.3 / 0.518514 / 0.518646 / 0.518777 / 0.518909 / 0.51904 / 0.519171 / 0.519303 / 0.519434 / 0.519566 / 0.519697
3.4 / 0.531479 / 0.531607 / 0.531734 / 0.531862 / 0.53199 / 0.532117 / 0.532245 / 0.532372 / 0.5325 / 0.532627
3.5 / 0.544068 / 0.544192 / 0.544316 / 0.54444 / 0.544564 / 0.544688 / 0.544812 / 0.544936 / 0.54506 / 0.545183
3.6 / 0.556303 / 0.556423 / 0.556544 / 0.556664 / 0.556785 / 0.556905 / 0.557026 / 0.557146 / 0.557267 / 0.557387
3.7 / 0.568202 / 0.568319 / 0.568436 / 0.568554 / 0.568671 / 0.568788 / 0.568905 / 0.569023 / 0.56914 / 0.569257
3.8 / 0.579784 / 0.579898 / 0.580012 / 0.580126 / 0.580241 / 0.580355 / 0.580469 / 0.580583 / 0.580697 / 0.580811
3.9 / 0.591065 / 0.591176 / 0.591287 / 0.591399 / 0.59151 / 0.591621 / 0.591732 / 0.591843 / 0.591955 / 0.592066
4.0 / 0.60206 / 0.602169 / 0.602277 / 0.602386 / 0.602494 / 0.602603 / 0.602711 / 0.602819 / 0.602928 / 0.603036
4.1 / 0.612784 / 0.61289 / 0.612996 / 0.613102 / 0.613207 / 0.613313 / 0.613419 / 0.613525 / 0.61363 / 0.613736
4.2 / 0.623249 / 0.623353 / 0.623456 / 0.623559 / 0.623663 / 0.623766 / 0.623869 / 0.623973 / 0.624076 / 0.624179
4.3 / 0.633468 / 0.633569 / 0.63367 / 0.633771 / 0.633872 / 0.633973 / 0.634074 / 0.634175 / 0.634276 / 0.634376
4.4 / 0.643453 / 0.643551 / 0.64365 / 0.643749 / 0.643847 / 0.643946 / 0.644044 / 0.644143 / 0.644242 / 0.64434
4.5 / 0.653213 / 0.653309 / 0.653405 / 0.653502 / 0.653598 / 0.653695 / 0.653791 / 0.653888 / 0.653984 / 0.65408
4.6 / 0.662758 / 0.662852 / 0.662947 / 0.663041 / 0.663135 / 0.66323 / 0.663324 / 0.663418 / 0.663512 / 0.663607
4.7 / 0.672098 / 0.67219 / 0.672283 / 0.672375 / 0.672467 / 0.67256 / 0.672652 / 0.672744 / 0.672836 / 0.672929
4.8 / 0.681241 / 0.681332 / 0.681422 / 0.681513 / 0.681603 / 0.681693 / 0.681784 / 0.681874 / 0.681964 / 0.682055
4.9 / 0.690196 / 0.690285 / 0.690373 / 0.690462 / 0.69055 / 0.690639 / 0.690728 / 0.690816 / 0.690905 / 0.690993
5.0 / 0.69897 / 0.699057 / 0.699144 / 0.699231 / 0.699317 / 0.699404 / 0.699491 / 0.699578 / 0.699664 / 0.699751
N / 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9
5.1 / 0.70757 / 0.707655 / 0.70774 / 0.707826 / 0.707911 / 0.707996 / 0.708081 / 0.708166 / 0.708251 / 0.708336
5.2 / 0.716003 / 0.716087 / 0.71617 / 0.716254 / 0.716337 / 0.716421 / 0.716504 / 0.716588 / 0.716671 / 0.716754
5.3 / 0.724276 / 0.724358 / 0.72444 / 0.724522 / 0.724604 / 0.724685 / 0.724767 / 0.724849 / 0.724931 / 0.725013
5.4 / 0.732394 / 0.732474 / 0.732555 / 0.732635 / 0.732715 / 0.732796 / 0.732876 / 0.732956 / 0.733037 / 0.733117
5.5 / 0.740363 / 0.740442 / 0.740521 / 0.7406 / 0.740678 / 0.740757 / 0.740836 / 0.740915 / 0.740994 / 0.741073
5.6 / 0.748188 / 0.748266 / 0.748343 / 0.748421 / 0.748498 / 0.748576 / 0.748653 / 0.748731 / 0.748808 / 0.748885
5.7 / 0.755875 / 0.755951 / 0.756027 / 0.756103 / 0.75618 / 0.756256 / 0.756332 / 0.756408 / 0.756484 / 0.75656
5.8 / 0.763428 / 0.763503 / 0.763578 / 0.763653 / 0.763727 / 0.763802 / 0.763877 / 0.763952 / 0.764027 / 0.764101
5.9 / 0.770852 / 0.770926 / 0.770999 / 0.771073 / 0.771146 / 0.77122 / 0.771293 / 0.771367 / 0.77144 / 0.771514
5.9 / 0.771587 / 0.771661 / 0.771734 / 0.771808 / 0.771881 / 0.771955 / 0.772028 / 0.772102 / 0.772175 / 0.772248
6.0 / 0.778151 / 0.778224 / 0.778296 / 0.778368 / 0.778441 / 0.778513 / 0.778585 / 0.778658 / 0.77873 / 0.778802
6.1 / 0.78533 / 0.785401 / 0.785472 / 0.785543 / 0.785615 / 0.785686 / 0.785757 / 0.785828 / 0.785899 / 0.78597
6.2 / 0.792392 / 0.792462 / 0.792532 / 0.792602 / 0.792672 / 0.792742 / 0.792812 / 0.792882 / 0.792952 / 0.793022
6.3 / 0.799341 / 0.799409 / 0.799478 / 0.799547 / 0.799616 / 0.799685 / 0.799754 / 0.799823 / 0.799892 / 0.799961
6.4 / 0.80618 / 0.806248 / 0.806316 / 0.806384 / 0.806451 / 0.806519 / 0.806587 / 0.806655 / 0.806723 / 0.80679
6.5 / 0.812913 / 0.81298 / 0.813047 / 0.813114 / 0.813181 / 0.813247 / 0.813314 / 0.813381 / 0.813448 / 0.813514
6.6 / 0.819544 / 0.81961 / 0.819676 / 0.819741 / 0.819807 / 0.819873 / 0.819939 / 0.820004 / 0.82007 / 0.820136
6.7 / 0.826075 / 0.82614 / 0.826204 / 0.826269 / 0.826334 / 0.826399 / 0.826464 / 0.826528 / 0.826593 / 0.826658
6.8 / 0.832509 / 0.832573 / 0.832637 / 0.8327 / 0.832764 / 0.832828 / 0.832892 / 0.832956 / 0.83302 / 0.833083
6.9 / 0.838849 / 0.838912 / 0.838975 / 0.839038 / 0.839101 / 0.839164 / 0.839227 / 0.839289 / 0.839352 / 0.839415
7.0 / 0.845098 / 0.84516 / 0.845222 / 0.845284 / 0.845346 / 0.845408 / 0.84547 / 0.845532 / 0.845594 / 0.845656
7.1 / 0.851258 / 0.85132 / 0.851381 / 0.851442 / 0.851503 / 0.851564 / 0.851625 / 0.851686 / 0.851747 / 0.851809
7.2 / 0.857332 / 0.857393 / 0.857453 / 0.857513 / 0.857574 / 0.857634 / 0.857694 / 0.857755 / 0.857815 / 0.857875
7.3 / 0.863323 / 0.863382 / 0.863442 / 0.863501 / 0.863561 / 0.86362 / 0.86368 / 0.863739 / 0.863799 / 0.863858
7.4 / 0.869232 / 0.86929 / 0.869349 / 0.869408 / 0.869466 / 0.869525 / 0.869584 / 0.869642 / 0.869701 / 0.86976
7.5 / 0.875061 / 0.875119 / 0.875177 / 0.875235 / 0.875293 / 0.875351 / 0.875409 / 0.875466 / 0.875524 / 0.875582
7.6 / 0.880814 / 0.880871 / 0.880928 / 0.880985 / 0.881042 / 0.881099 / 0.881156 / 0.881213 / 0.881271 / 0.881328
7.7 / 0.886491 / 0.886547 / 0.886604 / 0.88666 / 0.886716 / 0.886773 / 0.886829 / 0.886885 / 0.886942 / 0.886998
7.8 / 0.892095 / 0.89215 / 0.892206 / 0.892262 / 0.892317 / 0.892373 / 0.892429 / 0.892484 / 0.89254 / 0.892595
7.9 / 0.897627 / 0.897682 / 0.897737 / 0.897792 / 0.897847 / 0.897902 / 0.897957 / 0.898012 / 0.898067 / 0.898122
8.0 / 0.90309 / 0.903144 / 0.903199 / 0.903253 / 0.903307 / 0.903361 / 0.903416 / 0.90347 / 0.903524 / 0.903578
8.1 / 0.908485 / 0.908539 / 0.908592 / 0.908646 / 0.908699 / 0.908753 / 0.908807 / 0.90886 / 0.908914 / 0.908967
8.2 / 0.913814 / 0.913867 / 0.91392 / 0.913973 / 0.914026 / 0.914079 / 0.914132 / 0.914184 / 0.914237 / 0.91429
8.3 / 0.919078 / 0.91913 / 0.919183 / 0.919235 / 0.919287 / 0.91934 / 0.919392 / 0.919444 / 0.919496 / 0.919549
8.4 / 0.924279 / 0.924331 / 0.924383 / 0.924434 / 0.924486 / 0.924538 / 0.924589 / 0.924641 / 0.924693 / 0.924744
8.5 / 0.929419 / 0.92947 / 0.929521 / 0.929572 / 0.929623 / 0.929674 / 0.929725 / 0.929776 / 0.929827 / 0.929879
8.6 / 0.934498 / 0.934549 / 0.934599 / 0.93465 / 0.9347 / 0.934751 / 0.934801 / 0.934852 / 0.934902 / 0.934953
8.7 / 0.939519 / 0.939569 / 0.939619 / 0.939669 / 0.939719 / 0.939769 / 0.939819 / 0.939869 / 0.939918 / 0.939968
8.8 / 0.944483 / 0.944532 / 0.944581 / 0.944631 / 0.94468 / 0.944729 / 0.944779 / 0.944828 / 0.944877 / 0.944927
8.9 / 0.94939 / 0.949439 / 0.949488 / 0.949536 / 0.949585 / 0.949634 / 0.949683 / 0.949731 / 0.94978 / 0.949829
9.0 / 0.954243 / 0.954291 / 0.954339 / 0.954387 / 0.954435 / 0.954484 / 0.954532 / 0.95458 / 0.954628 / 0.954677
9.1 / 0.959041 / 0.959089 / 0.959137 / 0.959185 / 0.959232 / 0.95928 / 0.959328 / 0.959375 / 0.959423 / 0.959471
9.2 / 0.963788 / 0.963835 / 0.963882 / 0.963929 / 0.963977 / 0.964024 / 0.964071 / 0.964118 / 0.964165 / 0.964212
9.3 / 0.968483 / 0.96853 / 0.968576 / 0.968623 / 0.96867 / 0.968716 / 0.968763 / 0.96881 / 0.968856 / 0.968903
9.4 / 0.973128 / 0.973174 / 0.97322 / 0.973266 / 0.973313 / 0.973359 / 0.973405 / 0.973451 / 0.973497 / 0.973543
9.5 / 0.977724 / 0.977769 / 0.977815 / 0.977861 / 0.977906 / 0.977952 / 0.977998 / 0.978043 / 0.978089 / 0.978135
9.6 / 0.982271 / 0.982316 / 0.982362 / 0.982407 / 0.982452 / 0.982497 / 0.982543 / 0.982588 / 0.982633 / 0.982678
9.7 / 0.986772 / 0.986817 / 0.986861 / 0.986906 / 0.986951 / 0.986996 / 0.98704 / 0.987085 / 0.98713 / 0.987175
9.8 / 0.991226 / 0.99127 / 0.991315 / 0.991359 / 0.991403 / 0.991448 / 0.991492 / 0.991536 / 0.99158 / 0.991625
9.9 / 0.995635 / 0.995679 / 0.995723 / 0.995767 / 0.995811 / 0.995854 / 0.995898 / 0.995942 / 0.995986 / 0.99603