Spanish Missions in Texas Notes
Race to Claim Texas• After La Salle established Fort Saint Louis in Texas for France, a tug of war over the territory developed between ______and ______.
• In 1689 Spaniard Alonso de ______finds the remains of Fort St. Louis. He continues on to East Texas looking for La Salle.
• Alonso de Leon reported favorably on the land of East Texas and the ______Indians
• Father Damian ______ who was with de Leon requested help from Mexico City to convert the Caddo, or the ______as they called them, to ______
Missions
-The ______was Spain’s main tool for colonizing Texas.
-Their purpose was to convert Native Texans to the Catholic faith,
-In addition the mission workers attempted to ______the natives into Spanish subjects.
-Missions in Texas were supported by the Catholic church, but they were designed to be self ______.
-They also would help keep the ______out of Texas
-Most missions in Texas consisted of a square compound enclosed by ______walls. They also had a main chapel which was at the center of life in the mission.
-Early missions were small and made of ______. While later missions were large and built with ______.
-The land around the mission was also used for ______and growing ______for food.
Spain’s First East Texas Mission
• In 1690 de Leon and Massanet, a few other priest and 100 soldiers set off to build a mission in ______Texas.
• They build the Mission ______de los ______near modern Nacogdoches
• A year later the mission was in trouble. ______had caused the crops to fail.
• ______caused the Native Texans to become hostile & they refused to work in the missions
• The Mission could not survive so in ______it was abandoned.
The French Return
• By 1700 the French return to ______and developed trading relationship with Native Americans
• In 1713 Spanish Priest Father Francisco ______asked French priests to provide churches to East Texas Natives
• The French sent Louis de St. ______to visit Father Hidalgo and find out if the Spanish were giving Tejas to the ______.
• France and Spain were at ______in Europe
• The Spanish government had St. Denis arrested for entering Spanish territory. St. Denis talked his way out of jail, ______the Spanish Governor’s step-daughter, and convinced the Spanish to reopen their East Texas mission. St. Denis helped them in establishing new ______.
Spain Reclaims East Texas
• With St. Denis’s help, in 1716 San Francisco de los Tejas was reopened
• A mid-point for supply ______was needed.
• In modern day ______the Mission San Antonio de Valero and the Mission San Antonio de Bexar was built.
• Valero would become the ______
The Chicken War
• East Texas missions were unsuccessful because of the same reasons as before.
• The Indians didn’t want to ______in them.
• In 1719 French Lt. Philippe Blondel “invaded” Texas with 6 soldiers. They captured a mission near ______.
• Blondel and his men ______the mission and Blondel took and tied a few chickens to his saddle.
• The chickens made his horse buck (jump) and Blondel fell from his horse. The Spanish missionaries escaped when this happened.
• The Incident referred to as “The ______War”
• The escaped Spanish exaggerated the news claiming that a huge French ______was invading
• The Spanish panicked and retreated back to San Antonio abandoning East Texas
Spain reacts to the “Chicken War”
• After the Chicken War the Spanish army reestablishes Spanish authority in East Texas in 1721
• It builds the ______ San Jose in San Antonio and greatly increases the amount of troops in Texas
Presidios
-The main purpose of a presidio was to ______mission attacks, as presidios were military bases.
-Soldiers in the Presidio often lived a hard life. They were paid poorly and often had to take jobs in the ______.
-After their ten year ______, many soldiers obtained land in Texas and settled down with their family.
Spanish Strongholds in East Texas are Established
• By 1721 abandoned missions were reopened and guarded by hundreds of soldiers.
• Presidio Los ______became the capital of newly created province of Texas (In Natchitoches LA.) NAK-ə-təsh
• Texas was now secured by ______
Colonists Arrive
• Spain needed new settlers for Texas to grow and survive
• In 1731 Spain sent ______people from the Canary Islands to settle San Antonio
France No Longer a Threat
• Over the next 20 years relations with France became more ______
• Spanish focus on ______work
• French focus on ______
• To reduce costs Spain reduced troops in East Texas
• Without military protection from Indians, the East Texas missions could not ______.
• Many moved closer to San Antonio
San Saba Massacre
• In 1757 the Mission San Saba was built but it was unsuccessful in converting the Lipan ______
• In 1758 ______attacked San Saba, killing the priests and soldiers
Spain Seeks Revenge
• The Spanish sent Col. Ortiz Parilla and 500 soldiers to lead an attack on the ______near the Red River.
• Despite their advanced weapons, the Spanish were ______
The King makes changes
• Meanwhile between 1754-1763 ______and ______fought a war over their North American territory! ______lost!
• After the war, Spain acquired all of ______west of the Mississippi River. Spain now controlled Louisiana and Texas
• In 1767 the King of Spain Carlos III, sent the Marques de ______to inspect Texas.
The Rubi Report Found:
A) French were no longer a ______
B) The capital should be moved from Los Adaes to ______(East to Central Texas)
C) Spain should form an alliance with ______against the ______
Founding of Nacogdoches
• In 1779, Antonio Gil Y'Barbo (e-barvo) founded ______with the settlement of 350 people at the location of the abandoned East Texas missions. / Label who controlled Texas and Louisiana
Define: Self Sufficient
What were the 3 main reasons the Caddo didn’t like the missions?
1)
2)
3)
What country successfully settled in Louisiana?
What happened to St. Denis while he was in jail?
The original mission name for the Alamo is:
Define: Caravan
Define: Looted
Why was the Chicken War important to the Spanish?
Define: Presidio
Define: Enlistment
Where was Los Adaes located?
What does this painting depict?
Why did the Spanish lose to the Comanche in battle despite having better weapons?
How did the French and Indian war effect Spain?
Where is Nacogdoches?