OIE RL for «Leptospirosis» – «Dr. Rudy A Hartskeerl» – «Netherlands»
OIE Reference Laboratory Reports
Activities in 2012
Address of laboratory / KIT Biomedical Research, Meibergdreef 39, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Tel.: / +31 20 5665441
Fax: / +31 20 6971841
e-mail address: /
website: / http://www.kit.nl/kit/Leptospirosis-Reference-Centre
Name (including Title) of Head of Laboratory (Responsible Official): / Prof. Dr. R. Rabbinge
Name (including Title and Position) of OIE Reference Expert: / Dr. Rudy A Hartskeerl
Date of submission to the OIE / 24 January 2013
Instructions
This form should be used by an OIE Reference Laboratory to report activities that took place from January through December of the past year (2012), unless otherwise stated, and must be submitted by the end of January every year.
Only those activities that concern the disease (or topic) for which the laboratory is recognised by the OIE should be mentioned. The questionnaire structure follows the Terms of Reference (ToRs) for OIE Reference Laboratories, available at:
http://www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/introduction/
Each ToR (blue italicised text) has been placed as a heading covering the group of questions related to it.
Please note the red italicised text is given as guidance and should be deleted from your report and substitute with your data. Examples are based on past Annual Reports or have been invented.
The questionnaire represents a means of gathering information on activities carried out by OIE Reference Laboratories and making it available to OIE Member Countries and to the OIE Reference Laboratory network.
This annual report will remain available for consultation on the OIE web site:
(http://www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/annual-reports/):
ToR: To use, promote and disseminate diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards
Test recommended by the OIE / Total number of test performed last yearIndirect diagnostic tests / Nationally / Internationally
IgM-ELISA / 597 / 0
Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) / 724 / 8
Direct diagnostic tests / Nationally / Internationally
Culture
/ 288 / 1Real-time PCR gene secY
/ 185 / 243ToR: To develop reference material in accordance with OIE requirements, and implement and promote the application of OIE Standards.
To store and distribute to national laboratories biological reference products and any other reagents used in the diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or disease.
2. Did your laboratory produce or store imported standard reference reagents officially recognised by the OIE or other international bodies?
x Yes No
3. Did your laboratory supply standard reference reagents to OIE Member Countries?
x Yes No
The table below is not suitable for our purposes as we supply annually a range of (reference) materials to a wide variety of countries.
In 2012, mAbs, Leptospira strains, culture media, ELISA reagents, rabbit anti-Leptospira sera, DNA, primers and probes were sent to several institutions in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, Moldavia, Morocco, Netherlands, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom and United States of America (frequently several shipments per country).
The reference centre received various reference strains and isolates for typing and storage in the Leptospira strain collection
Type of reagent available / Related diagnostic test / Produced/stored / Amount supplied nationally
(ml, mg) / Amount supplied internationally
(ml, mg) / Name of recipient OIE Member Countries and of institutions /
Sent: multiple according to international standards but not necessarily OIE approved / various / produced and stored / various / Multiple and varying / multiple
Received: several reference strains and isolates / Typed and stored / various
4. Did your laboratory produce diagnostic reagents other than the OIE-approved standard reference reagents?
Again this is not a question that can have a straightforward answer. Reference strains (by definition OIE approved) are provided amongst others to perform the standard MAT, which is described in the OIE manual. Same holds for positive and negative control sera. DNA and primers are provided for diagnostic real time PCR validated according to OIE guidelines. In addition, a variety of materials is provided for tests, including antigen, that are not specified in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals.
x Yes No
5. Did your laboratory produce vaccines?
Yes x No
6. Did your laboratory supply vaccines to OIE Member Countries?
Yes x No
ToR: To develop, standardise and validate, according to OIE Standards, new procedures for diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or diseases
7. Did your laboratory develop new diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?
x Yes No
8. Did your laboratory develop new vaccines according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?
Yes x No
Name of the new test or diagnostic method or vaccine developed / Description and References (Publication, website, etc.)Real-time PCR gene secY on human samples and on canine samples / Ahmed et al., (2009). Development and Validation of a Real-Time PCR for Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira Species in Clinical Materials. PLoS ONE., 9, 1-8
Ahmed et al., (2011). Evaluation of real-time PCR and culturing for the detection of leptospires in canine samples. Adv Microbiol., 2, 162-170
ToR: To provide diagnostic testing facilities, and, where appropriate, scientific and technical advice on disease control measures to OIE Member Countries
9. Did your laboratory carry out diagnostic testing for other OIE Member Countries?
x Yes No
Name of OIE Member Country seeking assistance / Date(dd/mm) / No. samples received for provision of diagnostic support (i.e. from surveillance campaign) / No. samples received for provision of confirmatory diagnoses
Belgium / 26 January / 3
Belgium / 31 January / 2
Argentina / 5 May / 3
UK/Kenya / 6 July / 240
Sweden / 24 August / 1
10. Did your laboratory provide expert advice in technical consultancies on the request of an OIE Member Country?
x Yes No
This occurs regularly and is not documented. Thus requested specifications are not possible.
Name of the OIE Member Country receiving a technical consultancy / Purpose / How the advice was providedmultiple / multiple / Correspondence (mainly)
ToR: To carry out and/or coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories, centres or organisations
11. Did your laboratory participate in international scientific studies in collaboration with OIE Member Countries other than the own?
x Yes No
Title of the study / Duration / Purpose of the study / Partners (Institutions) / OIE Member Countries involved other than your countrySeveral informal collaborations / various / Usually epidemiology and diagnostics/lab strengthening / Various / Various
ToR: To collect, process, analyse, publish and disseminate epizootiological data relevant to the designated pathogens or diseases
12. Did your Laboratory collect epizootiological data relevant to international disease control?
x Yes No
13. Did your laboratory disseminate epizootiological data that had been processed and analysed?
x Yes No
14. What method of dissemination of information is most often used by your laboratory?
(Indicate in the appropriate box the number by category)
a) Articles published in peer-reviewed journals: 11
b) International conferences: 8
c) National conferences: 2
d) Other: LeptospiraLibrary; http://www.kit.nl/net/leptospirosis/
Publications and other outcomes
Scientific publications
1. Costa F, Martinez-Silveira MS, Hagan JE, Hartskeerl RA, Reis MG, Ko AI. Surveillance for leptospirosis in the Americas, 1996–2005: a review of data from ministries of health. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2012;32(3):169–77.
2. Paiva-Cardoso MD, Arent Z, Gilmore C, Hartskeerl R, Ellis WA. Altodouro, a new Leptospira serovar of the Pomona serogroup isolated from rodents in northern Portugal. Infect Genet Evol 2013;13:211-217. On line. Doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.09.013
3. Smythe L, Adler B, Hartskeerl RA, Galloway RL, Turenne CY, Levett PN. Classification of Leptospira genomospecies 1, genomospecies 3, genomospecies 4 and genomospecies 5 as Leptospira alstonii sp. nov., Leptospira vanthielii sp. nov., Leptospira terpstrae sp. nov., Leptospira yanagawae sp. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012;
4. Picardeau M, Hartskeerl R. Rapid tests for diagnosis of leptospirosis: current tools and emerging technologies. Technical recommendations. August 2012, Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network. http://glean-lepto.org/
5. Ahmed A, Klaasen HLBM, van der Veen M, van der Linden H, Goris MGA, Hartskeerl RA. Evaluation of real-time PCR and culturing for the detection of leptospires in canine samples. Adv Microbiol 2012;2:162-170.
6. Goeijenbier M, Wagenaar JFP, Goris MGA, Martina BEE, Henttonen H, Vaheri A, Reusken CBEM, Hartskeerl RA, Osterhaus ADME, van Gorp ECM. Rodent-borne haemorrhagic fevers: under-recognised, widely spread and preventable - epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment. Crit Rev Microbiol 2012;Early Online:1–17. DOI: 10.3109/1040841X.2012.686481
7. Helmerhorst HJF, van Tol EN, Tuinman PR, de Vries PJ, Hartskeerl RA, Grobusch MP, Hovius JW. Severe pulmonary manifestation of leptospirosis. Neth J Med 2012;70:215-221
8. Schreier S, Doungchaweeb G, Triampoc D, Wangroongsarb P, Hartskeerl RA, Triampo W. Development of a magnetic bead fluorescence microscopy immunoassay to detect and quantify Leptospira in environmental water samples Acta Trop 2012;in press: doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2012;122:119-125
9. Miraglia F, de Morais ZM, Dellagostin OA, Seixas FK, Freitas JC, Zacarias FG, Delbem AC, Ferreira TS, Souza GO, Hartskeerl RA, Vasconcellos SA, Moreno AM. Molecular and serological characterization of Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola isolated from dogs, swine, and bovine in Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; DOI 10.1007/s11250-012-0181-6
10. Goris MGA, Leeflang MMG, Boer KR, Goeijenbier M, van Gorp ECM, Wagenaar JFP, Hartskeerl RA. Establishment of Valid Laboratory Case Definition for Human Leptospirosis. J Bacteriol Parasitol 2012, 3:2 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9597.1000132
11. Ahmed A, Grobusch MP, Klatser P, Hartskeerl RA. Molecular Approaches in the Detection and Characterization of Leptospira. J Bacteriol Parasitol 2012, 3:2 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9597.1000133
PhD Thesis Molecular approaches in the detection and characterization of Leptospira. Dr. AAA Ahmed, 28 June, 2012, University of Amsterdam
Creation of Leptospira Library at http://www.kit.nl/net/leptospirosis
Presentations at international conferences and meetings and abstracts
1. Hartskeerl RA. Detection and characterization of Leptospira, global perspectives. RUN-Emerge. St. Denis, La Reunion, 25 – 26 October 2012
2. Hartskeerl RA. Global leptospirosis: detection and characterization of Leptospira. VBMPS scientific congress “Two worlds, One health”. Birmingham, UK, 15 – 16 October 2012
3. Benkirane A, Noury S, Goris M, De Meza J, Van der linden H, Ahmed A, Hartskeerl R, Nally JE. Preliminary investigations on the distribution of Leptospira interrogans serogroups in domestic animals in northwest Morocco. Poster presentation on the 2nd Prato Conference on Pathogenesis of Bacterial Diseases of Animals, Prato, Italy 2012
4. Hartskeerl RA. Keynote lecture. Global leptospirosis and tools for the detection and characterization of leptospires. European meeting of leptospirosis “Eurolepto2012”. Dubrovnik, Croatia, 31 May- 2 June 2012
5. Goeijenbier M, Reusken CR, Goris MGA, Hartskeerl RA, Martina BE, Osterhaus ADME, Wagenaar JFP, van Gorp ECM. The Hanta-hunting study “Hantavirus infections in leptospirosis suspected patients in The Netherlands”. European meeting of leptospirosis “Eurolepto2012”. Dubrovnik, Croatia, 31 May- 2 June 2012
6. Goris MGA, Leeflang MMG, Boer KR, Goeijenbier M, van Gorp ECM, Wagenaar JFP, Hartskeerl RA. Establishment of valid laboratory case definition for human leptospirosis. European meeting of leptospirosis “Eurolepto2012”. Dubrovnik, Croatia, 31 May- 2 June 2012
7. Wagenaar JFP, Hartskeerl RA, van Gorp ECM. An overview of haemostasis in severe leptospirosis: from platelet to clot. European meeting of leptospirosis “Eurolepto2012”. Dubrovnik, Croatia, 31 May- 2 June 2012
8. Ahmed A, Klaasen ELBM, van der Veen M, van der Linden H, Goris MGA, Hartskeerl RA. Evaluation of real-time PCR and culturing for the detection of leptospires. European meeting of leptospirosis “Eurolepto2012”. Dubrovnik, Croatia, 31 May- 2 June 2012
9. Nally J, Hartskeerl R. Human disease & the risk from infected dogs. MSD Canine Leptospirosis Key Opinion Leader Meeting. Dusseldorf, Germany, 18-19 May 2012
10. Hartskeerl RA, invited speaker. Global Leptospirosis; detection and characterization of leptospires. 2nd International Congress on Leptospirosis, Syphilis and Borreliosis "Spirochetes, Havana 2010". Havana, Cuba, 22-25 April 2012
11. Hartskeerl RA, invited speaker. The changing face of leptospirosis. SGM Spring Conference 2012: Climate change & infectious disease. Dublin, Ireland, 26 – 29 March 2012
12. Hartskeerl RA. Leptospirosis; detection and characterization of leptospires. Launch meeting “The impact and social ecology of bacterial zoonoses in Northern Tanzania”. Moshi, Tanzania, 20-21 February 2012
13. Hartskeerl RA, invited speaker. Conventional and molecular detection and characterization of Leptospira. Gordon Conference on the molecular biology of Spirochaetes. Ventura, USA, 22-27 January 2012
ToR: To provide scientific and technical training for personnel from OIE Member Countries
To recommend the prescribed and alternative tests or vaccines as OIE Standards
15. Did your laboratory provide scientific and technical training to laboratory personnel from other OIE Member Countries?
x Yes No
a) Technical visits: 3
b) Seminars: 5
c) Hands-on training courses: 4
d) Internships (>1 month): 3
Type of technical training provided (a, b, c or d) / Country of origin of the expert(s) provided with training / No. participants from the corresponding countrya / Czech Republic / 1
a / UK / 1
a / Netherlands / 2
b / Croatia / ca 60
b / Cuba / Ca 30
b / Tanzania / Ca 20
b / Germany / Ca 20
b / La Reunion (France) / Ca 50
c / La Reunion / 3
d,c / Morocco / 1
d,c / Portugal / 1
d,c / Netherlands / 2
ToR: To maintain a system of quality assurance, biosafety and biosecurity relevant for the pathogen and the disease concerned
16. Does your laboratory have a Quality Management System certified according to an International Standard?
x Yes No
Quality management system adoptedISO 15189:2007
17. Is your laboratory accredited by an international accreditation body?
Yes x No
Again, no straightforward answer possible. Currently we are accredited by the national RvA/CCKL according to national standards. This is due to be transferred to international standards ISO15189:2012
Test for which your laboratory is accredited / Accreditation bodyAll diagnostic activities / RvA/CCKL
All reference activities / RvA/CCKL
18. Does your laboratory maintain a “biorisk management system” for the pathogen and the disease concerned? (See Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.3 or Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.1)