ARCH-4351/6351: Environmental Controls II
University of Utah College of Architecture + Planning
Associate Professor Robert A Young, PE
COURSE OUTLINE
Description
This course continues the exploration of the luminous and thermal environments by extending the design considerations to include electric lighting, HVAC and utility system considerations, utility systems, and the implications of all of these on sustainability. The course addresses the fundamentals of daylighting systems analysis; electrical lighting system design and selection; mechanical and utilities systems selection and design; energy cost avoidance strategies; energy code requirements; and sustainable architecture.
Objectives
The objectives of this course are to teach the student to understand:
· impacts of daylighting strategies;
· components of electrical lighting systems;
· applications of different lighting types in the luminous environment;
· application of electrical lighting practice fundamentals to design;
· basic concepts of thermal performance in architecture;
· methods for selecting appropriate thermal systems for buildings;
· fundamentals of economic analysis for selection of energy systems;
· implications of energy codes building design;
· fundamentals of life-cycle cost analysis building systems;
· basic electrical systems employed in buildings;
· fundamentals of plumbing systems.
Teaching Philosophy
The built environment acts as the students’ own living learning laboratory and provides a means to integrate course concepts into explorations in studio and professional practice. Lectures and readings form the foundation of the course. Recitations allow for a discussion and deeper exploration of specific course materials and concepts which typify situations that an architect encounters in practice. Projects are designed to sensitize students to the past, present, and future built world and how proven concepts of environmental control and sustainability can be integrated into the built environment.
Student interaction forms an important part of my teaching philosophy. The questions and the resulting discussions bring significant vitality to the course. Students are strongly encouraged to proactively ask questions to initiate discussions as well as seek clarity on materials presented in the lecture and recitations.
Outside the classroom, it is expected that students will also seek further inquiry that fosters the formation of their life-long learning skills. This includes completing class readings before each lecture, investigations at the library and other resources, working in study groups, and consultations with the teaching assistant and the instructor.
Organization
Class Hours Lectures will be 8:35-10:30 AM, in Room 127 AAC as indicated on the syllabus. There will be a recitation period on 2:00-5:00 PM on Tuesdays in Room 127. Desk Crits and examinations will be in the 3rd floor studio.
Instructor/Office Hours Robert A. Young, PE; 581-3909; ;
Room 240 AAC, MW 10:30-11:30 AM; or by appointment.
Teaching Assistant Sara Staffanson, who will be available for consultation outside of the classroom for questions and will assist in grading the projects.
WebSite Students should periodically consult the instructor’s web site www.arch.utah.edu/young for updates on assignments and other course information.
Textbooks Stein, B. et. al. Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings,10th Ed., New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
Selected readings are on the class website or on reserve at Marriott Library. Refer to "Reserve Readings" section below for titles. Other readings will be added as needed.
Recitation There will be a recitation on Tuesdays from 2:00-5:00 PM. The recitation will meet in Room 127 AAC, the third floor studio, Bailey Hall, or at site visit locations as described in the course schedule. Recitations will be composed of interactive exercises, site visits, discussions and review of course materials, and release time/desk crits for projects.
Decorum Punctuality, professionalism, and leadership are valued
& Attendance by clients, employers, colleagues, and faculty. As such, students should be ready to begin class at the scheduled start time and be prepared to ask and answer questions. Pagers and cell phones must be turned off or set to non-audio mode. Do not eat in class.
Class begins with announcements and questions to and from the class and the resultant discussions. Participation goes beyond just coming to class and taking notes. Leaders ask questions and seek clarity to foster greater understanding for themselves and for the class. Leaders engage the class in learning course materials both inside and outside the classroom.
Due to the quantity of materials covered, it is recommended that students attend class lectures regularly, ask questions, and keep up with the reading. Students’ participation and leadership qualities in class lectures, recitations, and projects will be used in consideration of their final course grade.
Projects These projects must be submitted to meet the course completion requirements:
(1) Lighting Analysis Project
(2) Electric Light Fixture Project
Students are responsible for all in-class instructions on projects. Projects are due at the start of class.
Project grades will be based on completeness, accuracy, technical comprehension, legibility, and originality.
With the exception of the light fixture exhibit (as noted on the syllabus), the lecture and recitation period will be used for “studio consultations” as part of the integrated studio project portion of the class. These consultations can be used to discuss the light fixture design and/or the studio project.
Late Policy Late work will be penalized one full letter grade (e.g., an "A" will become a "B", etc.) for any part of the first calendar day and one full letter grade per day thereafter. All unsubmitted late work must be turned in by 5:00 PM on the last day of the regular semester classes (not finals week) to receive completion credit even though it may be too late for a letter grade.
Examinations Examinations will be given in the third floor design studio and will be completed during the regular class period. The open book and open notes examinations will cover all readings, recitations, site visits, case studies, discussions, and lecture materials. Bring a #2 pencil, and a calculator. Questions should be answered on the grading sheet. Answer sheets and examinations must be turned in at the end of the examination. Students should leave when done so others may finish the exam undisturbed.
Arrangements for students with learning difficulties should be made prior to the examination. Makeup examinations will only be given for medical or legal related reasons. Students arriving late will be penalized for their tardiness (e.g., no extra time).
Children, pets, and guests are not allowed during the examination. Do not eat during the exam.
Grading Final grades will be based on the following credit:
Item Credit
Lighting Analysis Project 100 points
Electric Lighting Project 100 points
Examinations (2 @ 100 points) 200 points
Total 400 points
Grades will be based on the following cut off points:
A: 372 points C: 292 points
A-: 360 points C-: 280 points
B+: 348 points D+: 268 points
B: 332 points D: 252 points
B-: 320 points D-: 240 points
C+: 308 points E: 240 points.
Accessibility The University of Utah College of Architecture + Planning seeks to provide equal access to its programs, services, and activities for people with disabilities. Reasonable prior notice is needed to arrange accommodations.
University Curriculum Last day to drop (delete) classes: January 21, 2009
Administration Notes Last day to add classes: January 26, 2009
SCHEDULE
Date Topic Page Ref
January 12 M Course Introduction SR-1
13 T Site Visit: On Campus Light Sources Tour
14 W Electric Lighting ………...…………523-578, 619-725, App. J
19 M Martin Luther King Holiday – No Class
20 T Site Visit: Quantum Lighting 4074 S 300 W (3 PM)
21 W Electric Lighting Design SR-2
26 M Electric Lighting Design
27 T Guest Speaker: Matt Alder
28 W Electrical Systems 1145-1333
February 2 M Water Resources 855-1045
3 T Electric Lighting Design Review
Lighting Analysis Project Due
4 W Plumbing Design SR-3
9 M Plumbing Design
10 T Plumbing Design Review
11 W Examination #1
16 M President’s Day – No Class
17 T Studio Consultations
18 W Heat Loss/Gain 171-209, App. E-G
23 M Heat Loss/Gain
24 T Studio Consultations
25 W Heating/Cooling Loads……………211-258, 277-287; SR-4
March 2 M Heating/Cooling Loads SR-5
3 T Studio Consultations
4 W HVAC Systems 317-455
9 M HVAC Systems
10 T Recitation: Heat Loss/Gain
11 W Examination #2
16-20 Spring Break
March 23 M Studio Consultations
24 T Studio Consultations
25 W Studio Consultations
Date Topic Page Ref
March 30 M Studio Consultations
31 T Studio Consultations
April 1 W Studio Consultations
6 M Studio Consultations
7 T Studio Consultations
8 W Studio Consultations
13 M Studio Consultations
14 T Studio Consultations
15 W Studio Consultations
20 M Studio Consultations
21 T Studio Consultations
22 W Electric Light Exhibit
Electric Lighting Project Due by 8:45 AM.
27 M Studio Consultations
28 T Studio Consultations
29 W Studio Consultations
All unsubmitted late assignments due by 5:00 PM
SUPPLEMENTAL READINGS
SR-1 ARCH-4351/6351 Course pack
SR-2 Lighting Worksheet
SR-3 Plumbing Worksheet
SR-4 Heating and Cooling Load Calculation Forms
SR-5 Heat Loss/Gain Worksheet
Reference List
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2005 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals Atlanta: ASHRAE, 2001.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2007 ASHRAE Handbook of Applications Atlanta: ASHRAE, 1999.
Architectural Interior Systems: Lighting, Acoustics, Air-Conditioning 3rd Ed., New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.
Balcomb, J. Douglas. Passive Solar Buildings Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1992.
Brown, David E., Mindy Fox, and Mary Rickel Pelletier Eds. Sustainable Architecture: White Papers, New York: Earth Pledge Foundation, 2000.
Brown, G. Z. Inside Out, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1985.
Buchanan, Peter. Ten Shades of Green,
Butti, Ken. A Golden Thread: 2500 years of Solar Architecture and Technology Palo Alto: Cheshire Books, 1980.
Crowther, Richard. Ecologic Architecture Boston: Butterworth Architecture, 1992.
Egan, M. David, Concepts in Architectural Lighting, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983.
Gordon, Gary, and Nuckolls, James, Interior Lighting for Designers, New York: John Wiley, 1995.
Holdsworth, W. J. Healthy Buildings: A Design Primer for a Living Environment Essex, England: Longman, 1992.
Hopkinson, Ralph, The Lighting of Buildings, New York: Frederic Praeger, 1972.
Johnson, Glenn, The Art of Illumination: Residential Lighting Design, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
Jones, Frederic, Architectural Lighting Design, Los Altos CA: Crisp Publications, 1989.
Kibert, Charles J. Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
Konya, Allan. Design Primer for Hot Climates London: Architectural Press, 1980.
Leitmann, Josef. Sustaining Cities: Environmental Planning and Management in Urban Design. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
Lerum, Vidar. High Performance Buildings, New York: John Wiley & Sons. 2008.
Luccarelli, Mark. Lewis Mumford and the Ecological Region: The Politics of Planning. New York: The Guilford Press, 1995.
Matus, Vladimir. Design for Northern Climates: A Cold Climate Planning and Environmental Design New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.
McHarg, Ian. Design with Nature. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992.
Mendler, Sandra, William Odell, and May Ann Lazarus. The HOK Guidebook to Sustainable Design, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
Michel, Lou, Light: The Shape of Space Designing With Space and Light, New York: John Wiley, 1996.
Moore, Fuller, Concepts and Practice of Architectural Daylighting, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991.
Olgyay, Victor. Design With Climate: Bioclimatic Approach to Architectural Regionalism Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1963.
Papanek, Victor. The Green Imperative: Natural Design for the Real World. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1995.
Phillips, Derek, Lighting Historic Buildings, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
Pilatowicz, Grazyna. Eco-Interiors: A Guide to Environmentally Conscious Design. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
Rea, Mark S., Ed., The IESNA Lighting Handbook Reference and Applications, New York: IESNA, 2000.
Rocky Mountain Institute, Dianna Lopez Barnett with William D. Browning. A Primer on Sustainable Building. Snowmass, CO: Rocky Mountain Institute, 1995.
Rocky Mountain Institute et. al. Green Development: Integrating Ecology and Real Estate. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
Roseland, Mark, with Maureen Cureton and Heather Wornell. Toward Sustainable Communities: Resources for Citizens and Their Governments. Gabriola Island BC: New Society Publishers, 1998.
Shabecoff, Phillip. Earth Rising: American Environmentalism in the 21st Century. Washington: Island Press, 2000.
Steele, James. Sustainable Architecture: Principles, Paradigms, and Case Studies. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
Steffy, Gary, Architectural Lighting Design, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990.
Steffy, Gary, Time-saver standards for architectural lighting, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
Watson, Lee, Lighting Design Handbook, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990.
Williams, Daniel E. Sustainable Design: Ecology, Architecture, and Planning, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2007.
Vale, Brenda. Green Architecture: Design for an Energy Conscious Future Boston: Little Brown, 1991.
Watson, Donald and Labs, Kenneth. Climatic Design: Energy Efficient Building Principles and Practices New York: McGraw-Hill. 1983.
Wigginton, Michael and Jude Harris. Intelligent Skins, Oxford, ENG: Butterworth Heineman, 2002
LightING Analysis Project
Introduction
As a designer of the luminous environment, the architect must be sensitive to the effects of lighting. Lighting performance and visual comfort are two major aspects of lighting design which must be dealt with in any project where lighting, both natural and electric, is part of the design program.
Daylighting uses architectural elements of the building itself as the system for providing illumination to a given space. In modern construction, there are the code requirements that dictate the use of human-made lighting for safety and proper working conditions, but for this project we will consider just the attributes of using daylighting as a primary illumination source throughout the day.
Objectives
To introduce the student to the practice of evaluating the architectural "experience" of the built environment with regards to lighting.
To heighten the student's sensitivities to visual comfort in the built environment and to evaluate how to recognize good design practice and eliminate poor design practices.
Procedure
Due to the complexity of the modeling and measurements, this project will be completed in teams of five students each. To compound matters even more, the sky conditions during the period when the measurements are to be undertaken are typically quite unpredictable and frequently overcast. Clear skies can be infrequent in January and February. This phenomenon has caused much stress for students in completing this project in the past. However, early preparation and construction of the daylighting model will assure readiness when the sky is suitably clear for “clear sky” measurements. Therefore, there will be no extensions due to bad weather or unprepared groups.