Technical assistance to the Ghana Energy Commission to develop a dedicated programme to establish institutional biogas systems in 200boarding schools, hospitals and prisons,and to prepare for CDM application
Context and Justification
The Ghana Energy Commission(hereafter GEC) is the technical regulator of Ghana’s electricity, natural gas and renewable energy industries, and the advisor to Government on energy matters. The GEChas formulated a number of strategic projects[1] to transform the Ghana energy sector.
One of these projects (see page 58 of the SE4ALL action plan) is to “Improve access to modern energy for productive uses” by promoting the use of institutional biogas systems for cooking/heating in public institutions.The specific activity formulated within the SE4ALL action plan is “to conduct a feasibility study and establish institutional biogas systems for 200 boarding schools, hospitals and prisons” with 2012-2015 as implementation timeline. The purposeis to bring the use of biogas as a low carbon energy source to a significant higher level in Ghana by designing and implementing a dedicated programme for biogas use in institutions. The estimated cost of actually implementing these 200 systems is 38M EUR[2]. Actors that should be involved in the implementation phase are the GEC, the Ministries (and their agencies)of Education, Energy, Environment,Health and Information, NGOs, community-based organisations, private sector organisations and rural banks. The setting-up of a thorough and workable programmeto implement the 200 systems still needs to be done. Also funding for the implementation needs to be secured. For the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), the Ghana Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the actor to be involved, being the Designated National Authority for Ghana (and having registered its first CDM project in 2012).
Biogas technology is a proven technology noted for improving sanitation, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,generating clean energy, and producing fertilizer. In Asia, household and institutional biogas installations have gained widespread acceptance with millions of biogas installations built annually. In Africa, biogas programmestart being successful. The Africa Biogas Partnership Programme(ABPP)[3] reportsthat in 2012 in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, Tanzania and Uganda a total of 27,275 digesters have been build resulting in amongst others: a growing number of Biogas Construction Enterprises, reduced building costs, increased bio-slurry use, increased integration of the technology in agricultural systems, 163,650 people are reaping the benefit of the technology and 136,375 peoples (women and children) are protected from indoor air pollution, an equivalent of 293,814 MWh energy produced, 256 kt reduction of GHG emissions annually and the substitution of 263 kt of biomass and nearly 2,000 litres of fossil fuel (kerosene and LPG).
In Ghana, the total number of domestic and institutional biogas installations is estimated at some 200 [Bensah 2009]. A survey conducted among 50 biogas users in Ghana showed that the mainreason they use biogas technology is its efficientwaste treatment ability and the second reason is its energy generation ability [Bensah and Brew-Hammond, 2010].
Biogas has a number of direct benefits which are in line with GCCA and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) priorities. Biogas is an alternative for charcoal and firewood, and hence significantly reduces GHG emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Biogas technology is effective in sanitation and in reducing related health risks. Moreover, biogas burns cleanly and reduces health risks related to indoor and outdoor air pollution. Biogas improves energy access which is fundamental to achieving the MDGs. Developing the biogas private sector can generate an important number of local jobs[4][5]and hence reduce poverty.
The above benefits of biogas led to its selection by the Government of Ghana as a priority and the key implementing partner is the GEC. The feasibility study is therefore being prepared to provide the GEC with expert advice on the design, installation and management of appropriate biogas technology systems for use in public institutions.
Description of the Assignment
Objectives:
General objective: boost biogas use in Ghana with a number of benefits including a reduced GHG footprint, improved health conditions, improved energy access, and the creation of a new socio-economic sector.
Specific objective: To assist the GECto conduct a feasibility study and develop, in a participative process,a ready-to-implement programme to establish institutional biogas systems in 200 boarding schools, hospitals and prisons, and to prepare for CDM application.
Specific tasks:
Phase 1:Feasibility study
Activities:
1.1.In consultation with the national coordinator, establishresearch methodology for performing the feasibility study. Already identified elementsto include in the study are:
(i) identification of drivers, barriers and success factors for institutional biogas in other similar countries;
(ii) mapping of policy and institutional situation, and actors for biogas in Ghana;
(iii) mapping of biogas service sector in Ghana;
(iv) review of capacity and operation of current institutional biogas installations in Ghana;
(v) quantification of biogas needs (usage) for the three institution types;
(vi) quantified business cases for biogas needs per institution;
(vii) mapping of stakeholders to be involved;
(viii)identification of building blocks for programme and market-based approach;
(ix) identification of anticipated GHG reductions, and;
(x) identification of potential financial sources for funding of implementation phase, including CDM finance potential.
1.2.Carry out a desk study and analysis of relevant information and documents to be provided by the National Coordinator, including the 10 elements identified above: drivers and barriers for success in other similar countries and in Ghana, mapping and assessing relevant policies and institutions(government), mapping and assessing capacities of Ghana biogas businesses and service providers, assessing the capacity and outputs of currently working institutional biogas installationsin Ghana, needs assessment for biogas in the three institutionstypes, anticipated GHG reduction potentials of the biogas systems, and mapping of other relevant Ghanaian stakeholders for the biogas programme under development.
1.3.Identify potential sources of financing (funding and financiers) for the implementation phase including an assessment of the CDM finance potential.
1.4.In close coordination with the National Coordinator, carryout interviews with selected stakeholders in country, including individual interviews with the main actors such as involved ministries[6], potential boarding schools, hospitals and prisons, private biogas sector, involved universities and civil society organisations. These will serve to:inform these stakeholders on the project, its objectives and approach, and ask their feedback on the preliminary findings from the desk research (tasks 1.2 and 1.3). Take part in a visit of a selection of different types of existing biogas installations organised by the national coordinator. The visit will serve to further verify and refine the findings of tasks 1.2 - 1.4.
1.5.Prepare a draft feasibility report with preliminary conclusions and recommendations including developing criteria for selecting suitable locations (institutions) for the biogas systems.
1.6.Conduct a workshop with the participation of all the relevant actors as identified by the National Coordinator (list of participants in Annex A) and discuss the draft feasibility study including its conclusions, recommendations and criteria for selection and identification/check of building blocks for the programme (findings of tasks 1.1 - 1.5 above). Further individual interviews with selected participating stakeholders could also be arranged in the margins of the workshop to further refine the findings, if deemed relevant, in consultation with the National Coordinator.
1.7.Based on the outcomes and recommendationsofthe workshop, refine the draft feasibility study and produce a final draft feasibility study to be presented to the National Coordinator.
Result R1: feasibility study approved by the National Coordinator
Phase 2: Draft biogas programme(for 200 institutional biogas systems) including logframe, action plan and finance plan with CDM component
Activities:
2.1.Assessment and analysis of relevant documents and information provided by the national coordinator (e.g. results of phase 1 – feasibility study, CDM-funding mechanisms for national biogas programmes, private sector development in national biogas programmes and etcetera).
2.2.Mapping and identification of local and international donor organisations and other financial institutions and their interest for seed funding for the programme and interviews with a selection of potential donor organisations.
2.3.Interviews and discussions with selected key stakeholders (amongst others the relevant Ministries including a dialogue with the Ministry of Finance and UNDP) in consultation with the national coordinator.
2.4.Development of draft programmeincluding logframe, action plan and finance plan with CDM component in interaction with stakeholders using their contributions. The draft programme also includes the selection process and criteria for selecting the location of the 200 biogas systems.
2.5.Conduct a workshopto discuss with stakeholders (see Annex A with a tentative list of participants) the draft programmeincluding logframe, action plan, finance planwith CDM component and a list of identified potential international donor organisations. Aim of the workshop is to present the draft biogas programme and get feedback from the key stakeholders important for the implementation of the programme. Feedback should cover the feasibility of implementing the programme: technical, practical and financial. Also, feedback for up-scaling the biogas programmes nation-wide is expected.
2.6.Based on the outputs and recommendations of the workshop, refine the draft and producea final draft version of programmeto implement 200 institutional biogas systems[7](in boarding schools, hospitals and prisons)including logframe, action plan and finance plan with CDM component for submission to stakeholder and donors for agreement on roles and (financial) contributions.
2.7.Debriefing with ACP secretariat in Brussels to discuss the draft final programme.
2.8.Incorporation of remarks from ACP secretariat and production of final agreed version of programmeincluding logframe, action plan and finance plan with CDM component.
Result R2:programme including logframe, action plan and finance plan with CDM componentapproved by GEC and ready to be used as proposal to donors for funding.[8]
Outputs to be delivered:
Draft feasibility study
Final feasibility study
Draft programmeincluding logframe, action plan, finance plan with CDM component
Final agreed version of programme including logframe, action plan, finance plan with CDM component
Report writing (home-based) and debriefing (Brussels): (3 day)
Debriefing will take place after the submission of the mission report and in consultation with the ACP Secretariat. If the consultant is not based in Belgium, debriefing will be done by telephone/Skype.
Organisational and methodological issues
Place:
Home-based and Ghana(Accra and its direct vicinity)
Duration & Indicative Planning[9]:
The assignment should start as soon as possible after approval of the ToR. The exact starting date should be agreed with the coordinating person in Ghana (contact details are given below). The overall implementation period of the assignment (from starting date to debriefing) should not exceed 4calendar months. Preferred start date should be May 2014.
Phase 1: Feasibility study (64days)
This entails preparation and desk research for one in-countrymission as explained above under Tasks for Phase 1 of this mission.
Phase 2: Programme logframe, action plan and finance plan (42days)
This is an interactive development of the programme whichincludes Tasks as defined under Phase 2 of the in-country mission.
Inputs required
- To be provided by the Climate Support Facility (CSF)
For the assignment, a team of two experts is required:
(i)asenior bioenergy policy expert;
(ii)a senior biogas technology expert; and
(iii)budget to support organisation of two workshops.
The team is expected to cover all required aspects for a successful delivery of the assignment.
(i)CSF expert 1 (category “non-key senior experts”) – bioenergy policy expert: 60 working days + 4 travelling days; tworeturn tickets to Ghana (Accra); per diem (hotel and DSA) for 24 days.
Profile:
- MSc. degree in engineering, agronomy, or any relevant field
- Minimum 10 years of professional experience related to energy services, renewable energy, CDM biogas projects and biogas policies
- Strong experience in project/programme formulation and feasibility studies
- Relevant network and work experience in Ghana
- Fluent in English (spoken and written)
Responsible for activities: 1.1, part of 1.2 - 1.7 and part of 2.1 - 2.8.
(ii)CSF expert 2 (category “non-key senior experts”) – biogas technology expert: 40 working days.
Profile:
- MSc. degree in engineering, agronomy, or any relevant field
- Minimum 7 years of professional experience related to energy services
- Minimum 5 years of experience in biogas systems in Ghana
- Fluent in English (spoken and written)
Responsible for activities: part of 1.2, 1.4-1.6 and part of 2.1, 2.3, 2.5 and 2.6.
(iii)Budget to support the organisation of twoworkshops, each of them lasting one day and with an estimated number of 30 participants.
Maximum budget for one workshop:
- EUR 300 / day to rent a room, technical equipment and communication activities
- EUR 30 / day per participant for the lunch
- EUR 10 / participant for meeting documents and other material
This is standard maximum budget should not be spent without valid justification. It will be up to the expert in charge of the mission to assess the need for expenditure and subject to prior approval of the CSF Administrator and the ACP Secretariat.
Apart from the expenses specified above, no other expenses will be supported by the CSF.
Please note that no Per diem, financial compensation/daily allowance will be provided for participants (including the organizers) in the context of two workshops.
Please be aware that all expenses related to sending invitations to participants will not be covered by the CSF.
- To be provided by the Beneficiary (GEC):
Local travel (outside Accra)
Access to background documents and reports
Provision of the list of relevant contacts and biogas installations in place
Assistance to coordinate the field work and to establish the field work programme
Facilities and organisation (inviting the relevant people, renting facilities, ensuring the availability of relevant services, etc.) of the logistics for the twoworkshops. A dedicated contact person of the GEC that is empowered to guide the works. Anticipated required availability: 5 working days per month or 20 working days for the whole 4-month assignment.The person will manage the mission in-country as the National Coordinator and will act as liaison with other government organisations.
Annex ATentative list of workshop participants
In the course of the project additional persons will be identified and added to the list below. In total, approximately 30 persons will attend each workshop.
Organisation / Name- ABANTU for Development
- African Development Bank (AfDB)
- Biogas Technologies Limited
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
- ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE)
- Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to Ghana
- Energy Commission
- Energy Commission
- Energy Commission
- Energy Commission
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- EPA
- EPA / UNFCCC Focal Point
- Friends of the Earth Ghana
- Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP)
- Ghana Renewable Energy Agency
- Kumasi Institute of Technology, Energy and Environment (KITE)
- KNUST / Energy Centre
- KNUST / Energy Centre
- Ministry of Energy and Petroleum
- Ministry of Energy and Petroleum
- Ministry of Energy and Petroleum
- Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation
- Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation
- Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development
- Ministry of Trade and Industry
- Ministry of Trade and Industry
- Ministry of Trade and Industry
- Nature Conservation Research Centre, West Africa
- SOVEC Investment company
- UNDP Ghana
- US Department of State, Alternative and Renewable Energy Office
U.S. Department of State
revised FINAL ToR CSF Ghana program development institutional biogas-140429.docPage 1 of 7
[1] SE4ALL action plan Ghana;
[2] The 38M EUR is an estimate from the SE4ALL action plan. No funding for the implementation phase is yet secured.
[3] ABPP website:
[4] EU RECIPES project, Partners for Innovation,
[5]Result of the “Ghana GBEP pilot project”,
[6]A tentative list of Ministries to interview are: Ministry of Energy and Petroleum;Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (including EPA); Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development; and Ministry of Trade and Industry. The final selection will be done after execution of activities 1.1-1.3.