Notes for Ionic BondingName:______
Valence electrons: ______
Lewis dot structure (electron dot configuration)
–Shows ______as a series of dots surrounding an atomic symbol
–Place one dot around at a time before you double up
–Maximum of ______dots
Paired valence electrons
–Relatively ______
–Resistant to change
–Don’t form chemical bonds
–Called ______
Unpaired valence electrons
–Have a ______tendency to participate in chemical bonding
Atoms tend to form chemical bonds so that they each have 8 electrons (in pairs) in their valence shells (______rule)
–This is similar to electron configuration of a ______
The Octet Rule
•The octet rule says:
–Atoms tend to gain or lose electrons in order to have ______valence electrons.
Ions and Lewis Dot Structures
•Find the number of ______
•Following the octet rule, find how many electrons will be gained or lost for each atom to become an ion.
•Combine the ions to form ______
Practice
•Combine the following atoms to form ionic compounds (show Lewis dot structures).
•Na Cl
•Mg F2
•Na2 O
Electrons occupy ______shell first
–Exposed electrons in ______responsible for bonding
Chemical bond
–Force of ______between atoms that holds them together
- Ion : an atom having ______charge
•Cation
–An ion where electrons are ______
–Has a ______charge
–Na1+ → Na+
•Electron dots for cations
–Metals will have ______valence electrons
–These will come off
–Forming ______ions
•Anion
–An ion where electrons are ______
–Ion has an overall ______charge
–Cl1- → Cl-
•Electron dots for anions
–Non-metals will have ______valence electrons
–They will ______electrons to fill outer shell
–Forming ______ions
•Ionization Energy
–The amount of energy needed to ______an electron from an atom
–The closer the electron is to the ______, the harder it is to remove
•Ionic bond
•Transfer of electrons
•Formation of cations and anions
•______hold ions together
•Ionic compounds
–Are highly ______compounds
•each anion actually attracts several ______
•These attract several more anions
•A network of ions forms ______
•Ionic compounds
•Consist of elements found on ______sides of the periodic table
•Positive and negative charges must ______(Oxidation numbers)
•When melted or ______, they carry an electrical charge
Criss-cross method
•Examples:
•Mg Cl
•Na S
•Al Br
•Ca N
•Ba P