Name: ______

1.3.1 – 4 Food, Elements, Biomolecules & Sources Worksheet

Why do we need it?

Food is needed for:

•  ______

•  Growth ______and

______of existing cells, tissues, organs, etc.

Food also supplies:

the ______and ______for the processes of:

•  ______and

•  ______

What is Food made up of?

Food is made up of:

•  Six chemical elements

___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

•  Salts of

___, ___, ___, ___, ___

•  Three trace elements

___, ___, ___

Chemical Elements and their Symbols

The elements combine in different ratios to form different ______(______)

Food is made up of six different components

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Name: ______

1.  ______

2.  ______

3.  ______

4.  ______

5.  ______

6.  ______

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Name: ______

Humans are mainly made up of ______

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates contain the elements

______

The general formula for a carbohydrate is

______

There are twice as many ______molecules as ______molecules

A common carbohydrate

General formula = ______

When x = y = 6

We fet the formula ______

What is the name of this monosaccharide carbohydrate?

______

Another common carbohydrate

General formula = ______

When x = 12 and y = 11

We fet the formula ______

What is the name of this monosaccharide carbohydrate?

______

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates contain the elements

______, ______, ______

Usually in the ratio of ______

They have ______as many ______molecules as ______molecules

3 Types of Carbohydrate

______

______

______

Monosaccharides

These are

______sugar molecules

______sugars

______in water

______to taste

______carbohydrate unit

Examples: ______, ______

Found in: ______

Disaccharides

These are

•  ______monosaccharide sugar units joined together – known as ______molecules

•  ______in water

•  ______to taste

Examples: ______, ______, ______

Found in: ______, ______


Polysaccharides

These are

•  ______sugar molecules joined together

•  ______in water

•  ______taste sweet

Example: ______, ______

Found in: ______, ______, ______

Lipids

Lipids are a diverse group of substances which include

•  ______(______at room temp.)

•  ______(______at room temp.)

•  ______which include ______and some of the ______

•  ______which cover ______and ______.

Structure of Lipids

They are made up of the elements

______, ______, ______

But not have the same ratios as carbohydrates.

They are made up of two main types of molecules

______and

______

Types of Lipid

Two of the main types of lipids are

______

______

Triglyceride

It is made up of ______molecules and ______molecule

Phospholipids

If one ______of a lipid molecule is ______by a ______then a ______is formed

Sources of Lipids

•  ______– in and on meat

•  ______(80% fat)

•  ______

Proteins

Proteins contain the elements

______

______

Some may also contain ______, ______or ______

Proteins are found in ______, ______, ______, ______and ______

Structure of Proteins

Proteins are made up of long chains of ______

There are ______and several rare amino acids found in proteins

More amino acids are found in ______but are not in proteins

Amino acids are joined together by ______

This results in the formation of ______

Amino Acids

All amino acids contain ______distinct chemical groups connected to a central carbon atom:

•  a ______

•  an ______

•  a ______

•  a ______

Vitamins

Vitamins are ______

•  Needed in ______, cannot be produced in the body

•  Must be ______and in ______

•  Differ from each other ______

Vitamins

We need Vitamins ______in our diets to keep us healthy

Vitamins can be ______or ______soluble

Vitamins ______are water soluble

Vitamins ______are fat soluble

Sources of Vitamins

Vitamin / Source
A
B
C
D
E
K

Need to know

•  The Function of Food

•  Three reasons for requiring food

•  Chemical elements

•  Six common elements in food

•  Five elements in dissolved salts

•  Three trace elements

•  Define Biomolecular Structures

•  State that simple biomolecular units are composed of a combination of elements in different ratios e.g. carbohydrates Cx(H2O)y

•  State that simple bio molecular units are composed of a combination of elements in different ratios e.g. carbohydrates Cx(H2O)y

•  Name the element components, bio molecular components and sources of: carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

•  State that carbohydrates are composed of indivisible units and give examples of these e.g.

–  Monosaccharides – glucose;

–  Disaccharides – maltose; &

–  Polysaccharides – starch/cellulose.

•  What is a vitamin?

•  Name one water soluble vitamin.

•  Name one water in-soluble (fat-soluble) vitamin

•  List the sources of these vitamins

END

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