Exam Mass Society and DemocracyMultiple Choice
Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. In the Second Industrial Revolution, what led the way to new industrial frontiers?
a.textiles, railroads, iron, and coal
b.a true world economy, internal-combustion engines, and new products
c.radios, telephones, light bulbs, and telegraphs
d.steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum
2. According to Karl Marx, the ____, or working class, was oppressed by the middle class.
a.proletariatb.bourgeoisiec.socialistsd.Communists
3. By 1914, trade unions had
a.been outlawed in most of Europe and in the United States.
b.called so many strikes that overall production dropped drastically.
c.bettered both the living and working conditions of the working class.
d.the full support of all religious organizations.
4. Although they made up only 5 percent of the population in the early 1900s, which class controlled 30 to 40 percent of the wealth?
a.the new working poorc.the middle class
b.the new elited.the working class
5. ____ founded the Female Association for the Care of the Poor and the Sick in Hamburg, Germany.
a.Florence Nightingalec.Emmeline Pankhurst
b.Amelia Earhartd.Amalie Sieveking
6. What was the name of the legislative assemble created by Czar Nicholas II?
a.Dumac.Magyar
b.Marxist Social Soviet Partyd.Red Parliament
7. The alliance between Great Britain, Russia, and France was known as the
a.Western Advance.c.Allied Powers.
b.Triple Entente.d.League of Nations.
8. According to Albert Einstein’s special theory of relativity,
a.if all material things disappear out of the universe, only other stuff would remain.
b.only space and time exist independently of the human experience.
c.if all material things disappear out of the universe, time and space would disappear with them.
d.matter and energy are two separate, distinct monads.
9. Symbolists believed that the world was a collection of symbols that
a.reflected the true reality, which was the individual human mind.
b.could only be interpreted by Freudian psychoanalysis.
c.reveal the secrets of the Free Masons.
d.did not always represent what they appeared to represent.
10. Functionalism was the idea that
a.artists should forego traditional studios and paint in the countryside.
b.artists should paint with only three colors.
c.art could use geometric designs to recreate reality in the viewer’s mind.
d.buildings, like the products of machines, should be useful and lack unnecessary ornamentation.
11. ____ sent the first radio waves across the Atlantic in 1901.
a.Alexander Graham Bellc.Guglielmo Marconi
b.Thomas Edisond.Joseph Swan
12. The internal-combustion engine gave rise to
a.severe air pollution in two industrialized cities.
b.automobiles, airplanes, and improved ocean liners.
c.streetcars and subways.
d.a true American economy.
13. ____ were Marxists who rejected the revolutionary approach in favor of a more political approach.
a.Social Sovietsb. Unionistsc.Proletariatsd.Revisionists
14. In the early 1900s, how much of the European population belonged to the working class?
a.40 percentb. 62.7 percentc.80 percentd.98 percent
15. Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters founded the
a.Women’s Social and Political Union.
b.Red Cross.
c.Young Women’s Christian Association.
d.Society for the Advancement of Women.
16. The principle of ministerial responsibility is the idea that
a.church ministers should be responsible for a portion of the legislative process.
b.the prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected legislative body and not to the executive officer.
c.high-ranking government officials are legally accountable for the actions of the president and his family.
d.elected officials are responsible to the people and should act in the people’s best interest.
17. The alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy was known as the
a.Austro-Germany Empire.c.Triple Alliance.
b.Axis Powers.d.Eastern Powers.
18. Whose discovery of radium changed the world’s view of the atom?
a.Albert Einstein’sc.Friedrich von Bernhardi’s
b.Marie Curie’sd.Houston Stewart Chamberlain’s
19. According to Sigmund Freud, human behavior was
a.ruled by two related emotions: love and pity.
b.determined by the physical makeup of the brain, and could not be altered.
c.the one factor that made human beings superior to all other animals.
d.strongly determined by repressed experiences.
20. ____ was a Postimpressionist painter for whom art was a spiritual experience.
a.Vincent van Goghc.Pierre-August Renoir
b.Claude Monetd.Berthe Morisot
Use this diagram for questions 21 & 22
21. Which nation has more political parties?
a.Franceb. United Statesc.Both A and Bd.None of the above
22. Which country has a representative form of government?
a.Franceb. United Statesc.Both A and Bd.None of the above
Use this diagram for questions 23 & 24
Revolution in the Arts and Sciences
Architecture / Ornamentalism / FunctionalismLiterature / Naturalism / Symbolism
Music / Romanticism / • Impressionism
• Chromaticism
• Expressionism
Painting / Realism / • Impressionism
• Postimpressionism
• Cubism
• Abstract expressionism
Physics / Newton’s mechanical universe / Einstein’s relative universe
Psychology / Conscious awareness / Freud’s unconscious mind
23. What view in physics was replaced with Einstein’s relative universe?
a.Newton’s relative universec.Newton’s mechanical universe
b.Freud’s unconscious mindd.None of the above
24. In which of the following categories does symbolism belong?
a.architectureb. literature c.musicd.psychology
25.In 1914 which European country was the least industrialized?
a.Germanyb. Belgiumc.Franced.Spain
Use this map for questions 26, 27 & 28
26. Which group of people occupied much of Austria in 1914?
a.Italiansb. Germans c.Magyarsd.Romanians
27. Which people lived in Prague?
a.Germansb. Magyars c.Romaniansd.Slavic groups
28. Which of the following was the largest group of people living in the region of Transylvania?
a.Germansb. Slavic groupsc.Romaniansd.Italians
Use this diagram for questions 29 & 30
29. In what year was the U.S. rural population at about 25 million?
a.1900b. 1860c.1840d.1880
30. Around what year did the U.S. urban population exceed the rural population?
a.1800b. 1880c.1900d.1920
Those of us who took refuge in doorways were dragged roughly down the steps and hurled back in front of the horses. When even this failed to banish us, the foot constables rushed at us and, catching us fiercely by the shoulders, turned us round again and then seizing us by the back of the neck and thumping us cruelly between the shoulders forced us at a running pace along the streets until we were far from the House of Commons. They had been told to drive us away and to make as few arrests as possible. Still we returned, until at last sixty-five women, all of them bruised, had been taken to the station.From Sylvia Pankhurst, Mark A. Kishlansky, ed., Sources of the West, 1998.
31. This passage by Sylvia Pankhurst shows what characteristic of the women suffrage movement?
a.determinationb. pridec.sorrowd.joy
32. Who was being driven from the House of Commons?
a.horsesb. constables c.womend.rioters
The wages of a probationer [trainee] at the Birmingham and Midland Counties’ Institution . . . are £12 for the first year and £20 for the remaining 2, with board, lodging, and uniform. Probationers must be between 25 and 35. These are the usual terms; but we do not ourselves expect to see nursing widely embraced among women—and especially among gentlewomen—until the terms are improved. A young woman who has to work must begin before 25; a nurse’s life is so arduous that the usual computation allows them 12 years of work, after which time they are incapacitated. From The Difficulties of Trained Nurses
33. According to this passage, a nurse was able to ____.
a.command high wagesc.mix in the best social circles
b.work throughout her married lifed.work only a limited number of years
34. What was the age range for nurse probationers?
a.12–20b. 25–35c.12–35d.None of the above
I am a girl sixteen years old. I live together with my parents and two older sisters. Last year I met a young man. We love one another. He is a very respectable young man, and makes a fine living. My sisters have no fiancés. I know that should I marry they will never talk to me. My parents are also strongly against it since I am the youngest child. I do not want to lose my parents’ love, and neither do I want to lose my [beloved] because this would break my heart. Give me some advice, dear Editor! From Irving Howe and Kenneth Libo,
How We Lived: A Documentary History of Immigrant Jews in America, 1979.
35. What is this young immigrant’s problem?
a.Her beloved does not earn a good living.
b.She is not allowed to marry because her older sisters are not yet engaged.
c.Her parents do not like her beloved.
d.She and her beloved do not speak the same language.