Chapter 26- Review Questions

Section 26-1: Introduction to the Animal Kingdom:

  1. True or False: The cells that make up animal bodies are eukaryotic.
  1. What characteristics do all animals share? ______
  1. Complete the table about animals:

Category / Percentage of Species / Description / Examples
Animals without backbones
Animals with backbones
  1. What are 7 essential functions that animals carry out?
  2. ______e. ______
  3. ______f. ______
  4. ______g. ______
  5. ______
  6. Complete the table about types of feeders:

Type of Feeder / Description
Feeds on plants
Carnivore
Filter feeder
Feeds on decaying plant and animal material
  1. Explain the difference between a parasite and a host. ______
  1. What does an animal do when it respires? ______
  1. What does the excretory system of most animals do? ______
  1. What does it mean that an animal is motile? ______
  1. Circle the letter of the process that helps a species maintain genetic diversity:
  2. Asexual reproductionc. Response
  3. Movement d. Sexual reproduction
  1. What does asexual reproduction allow animals to do? ______
  1. What are 4 characteristics that complex animals tend to have?
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  1. Groups of specialized cells form ______, which form organs, which form ______.
  1. After a zygote undergoes a series of divisions, it becomes a (an) ______.
  1. What is a protostome? ______
  1. What is a deuterostome? ______
  2. Complete the table about germ layers:

Germ Layer / Location / Develops into these body structures
Innermost layer
Middle layer
Outermost layer
  1. Complete the table about body symmetry:

Type of Symmetry / Description / Examples
Body parts that repeat around the center
A single plane divides the body into 2 equal halves
  1. Match the term with its meaning:

____ anterior

____ posterior

____ dorsal

____ ventral

  1. What is cephalization? ______
  1. What is a body cavity? ______

Section 26-2: Sponges:

  1. Sponges are placed in the phylum ______.
  1. What does it mean that sponges are sessile? ______

Section 26-3: Cnidarians:

  1. Cnidarians are members of the phylum ______.

Section 27-1: Flatworms:

  1. Flatworms make up the phylum ______.

Section 27-2: Roundworms:

  1. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about roundworms:
  2. Parasitic roundworms live in plants and in animals.
  3. All roundworms are parasitic.
  4. Some roundworms are a meter in length.
  5. All roundworms develop from 3 germ layers.

Section 27-3: Annelids:

  1. Of what phylum are earthworms a member? ______

Section 27-4: Mollusks:

  1. Mollusks are members of the phylum ______.
  1. Complete the table about groups of mollusks:

Class / Common name / Description of shell / Examples
Gastropods
Bivalves
Cephalopods

Section 28-1: Introduction to the Arthropods:

  1. What is the basic body plan of all arthropods? ______
  1. A tough body wall that protects and supports the body of arthropods is called a(an) ______
  1. What is chitin? ______
  1. True or False: The appendages of arthropods are jointed.

Section 28-2: Groups of Arthropods:

  1. What are the 3 major groups of arthropods?
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  1. What arthropods do arachnids include? ______
  1. True or False: Mites and ticks are often parasitic.
  1. Centipedes, millipedes, and insects are all grouped as ______.

Section 28-3: Insects:

  1. How many pairs of legs does an insect have? ______
  1. What is metamorphosis? ______
  1. What is the main difference between complete metamorphosis and incomplete metamorphosis? ______
  1. The immature forms of an insect that undergo incomplete metamorphosis are called ______.
  1. What are pheromones? ______
  1. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about castes:
  2. Each caste has a body form specialized for its role.
  3. Most insect societies have multiple queens.
  4. Groups of individuals in a society are specialized to perform particular tasks.
  5. The queen is typically the largest individual in the colony.

Section 28-4: Echinoderms:

  1. An internal skeleton is called a (an) ______.

Section 29-1: Invertebrate Evolution:

  1. What are trace fossils? ______

Section 29-2: Form and Function in Invertebrates:

  1. What is the difference between external and internal fertilization? ______

Section 30-1: The Chordates:

  1. List the 4 characteristics of a chordate:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______

Section 30-2: Fishes:

  1. Complete the table about the groups of fishes:

Type / Description / Examples
No true teeth; skeletons made of fibers and cartilage; keep their notochord as adults
Cartilaginous fishes / Sharks, skates, rays
Ray-finned fishes, such as flounder, angelfish, and fly fish
Lobe-finned fishes, such as lungfishes and the coelocanth

Section 30-3: Amphibians:

  1. True or False: Amphibian adults are fishlike aquatic animals that respire using gills.
  1. Circle the letter of each characteristic of amphibians:
  2. Scalesb. Clawsc. Moist skin d. Mucus glands
  1. Circle the letter of each characteristic of salamanders:
  2. Tail b.Carnivore c. Herbivore d. Short body
  1. Circle the letter of each characteristic of frogs and toads:
  2. Tail b. No tail c. Able to jump d. Adults have gills
  1. Circle the letter of each characteristic of caecilians:
  2. Legless b. Long legs c. Able to jump d. Some scales

Section 31-1: Reptiles:

  1. List 3 characteristics shared by all reptiles:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  1. True or False: All reptiles are herbivores.
  1. Circle the letter of each adaptation reptiles have for respiration:
  2. Lungs b. Moist skin c. Strong rib muscles d. Gill slits
  1. All reptiles reproduce by ______fertilization in which the male deposits sperm inside the body of the female.
  1. List the 4 living orders of reptiles:
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______

Section 31-2: Birds:

  1. Circle the letter of each characteristics of birds:
  2. Feathers b. Four legs c. Wings d. Scales
  1. The single most important characteristic that separates birds from all other living animals is ______
  1. True or False: Birds have a low metabolic rate compared to reptiles.
  1. Match the type of bird bill with the type of food it is adapted to eat:

____ short and fine

____ short and thick

____ strong and hooked

____ long and thin

  1. Match the bird group with its characteristics. Use Figure 31-19 as a guide:

____ Birds of prey

____ Ostriches and their relatives

____ Parrots

____ Perching birds

____ Herons and their relatives

____ Cavity-nesting birds

____ Pelicans and their relatives

Section 32-1: Introduction to the Mammals:

  1. List the 2 notable features of mammals.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  1. Circle the letter of each characteristic of mammals:
  2. Breathe airc. Ectotherm
  3. 3 chambered heartd. Endotherm
  1. List 2 ways in which mammals conserve body heat.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  1. True or False: Mammals have a low rate of metabolism.
  1. Circle the letter of each way mammals are able to rid themselves of excess heat:
  2. Fat b. Hairc. Sweat glandsd. Panting
  1. The ability of mammals to regulate their body heat from within is an example of ______
  1. True or False: Animals that are omnivores consume only meat.

Section 32-2: Diversity of Mammals:

  1. List the 3 groups of living mammals.
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  1. The 3 groups of mammals differ greatly in their means of ______and development.
  1. Circle the letter of each mammal that is a marsupial:
  2. Koalab. Echidnac. Platypusd. Kangaroo
  1. What is placenta? ______

Section 34-1: Elements of Behavior:

  1. How do biologists define behavior? ______
  1. Behaviors are usually performed when an animal reacts to a (an) ______.
  1. What is a response? ______
  1. Circle the letter of each response:
  2. Alarm ringing c. Answering the phone
  3. Hunger pangs d. Swimming toward moving prey
  1. Circle the letter of each stimulus:
  2. Lightc. Heat
  3. Sound d. Odors
  1. True or False: All animals can detect all types of stimuli.
  1. True or False: Animal behaviors are not influenced by genes.
  1. What is an innate behavior? ______
  1. What is learning? ______
  1. List the 4 major types of learning.
  2. ______c. ______
  3. ______d. ______
  1. Identify the type of learning illustrated below. ______
  2. What is the stimulus? ______
  3. What is the reward or punishment that is associated with the stimulus? ______

  1. True or False: Imprinting can be changed after it has occurred.

Section 34-2: Patterns of Behavior:

  1. Match the behavioral cycle with its description

____ dormancy

____ migration

____ circadian rhythm

  1. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about courtship:
  2. Courtship behavior helps animals identify healthy mates.
  3. In courtship, an individual sends out stimuli to attract a member of the opposite sex.
  4. Fireflies have an elaborate dance to indicate their readiness to mate.
  5. Courtship rituals always involve a single behavior.
  1. True or False: Courtship is an example of a social behavior.
  1. What are the advantages of animal societies? ______
  1. What is a territory? ______
  1. Circle the letter of each resource that animals need to survive and reproduce:
  2. Odorsc. Nesting sites
  3. Mates d. Water
  1. A threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over animal is ______.
  1. What is communication? ______