Name:______Date:______Per:______

Nuclear Chemistry Guided Notes

  1. Nuclear reactions occur when nuclei emit ______.
  2. During a nuclear reaction, atoms are converted into ______.
  3. In 1985, ______found that invisible rays are emitted when electrons bombarded the surface of certain materials.
  4. When electrons are bombarded on the surface of certain materials, the invisible high energy emissions that darken photographic plates are called ______.
  5. Marie and Pierre Curie isolated the components of emitted rays. They called the process by which materials give off such rays ______.
  6. Rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source are called ______.
  7. In 1889, what 2 new elements did the Curies identify? ______and ______
  8. ______are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
  9. Radioisotopes are isotopes of atoms with ______nuclei.
  10. ______is a process by which radioisotopes emit radiation to attain more stable atomic configurations.
  11. What is the symbol for Alpha Decay? ______
  12. Alpha particles carry a ______charge and are deflected toward a negatively charged plate.
  13. What is capable of stopping alpha particles? ______
  14. Alpha particles have the same composition as a ______nucleus, two protons and two neutrons. This is the reason for the symbol.
  15. Alpha particles are emitted from the ______of an atom.
  16. A new nucleus is formed when there is a ______of an alpha particle.
  17. Complete the following example of an alpha decay:

238 → + 4

92 2

  1. What is the symbol for Beta Decay?______
  2. Beta particles carry a _____charge and are deflected toward the positively charged plate.
  3. Beta decay consists of a very fast moving electron that has been emitted from a ______of an unstable nucleus.
  4. In Beta decay, the zero superscript in the symbol indicates the insignificant mass of an ______in comparison with the mass of a nucleus.
  5. During Beta decay, the -1 subscript denotes the ______charge of the particle.
  6. During Beta decay, the mass number of the product nucleus is ______of the original nucleus.
  7. Beta decay has ______penetrating power than alpha particles.
  8. Beta decay can be stopped by ______.
  9. Complete the following example of Beta Decay:

→ 0 + 131

154

  1. What is the symbol for Gamma decay? ______
  2. Gamma radiation is high energy ______radiation.
  3. The emission of gamma rays does not change the ______number or mass number of a nucleus.
  4. Gamma rays almost always accompany ______and ______radiation, as they account for most of the energy loss that occurs as a nucleus decays.
  5. Gamma rays are ______penetrating and can be very damaging to living tissue.
  6. Gamma rays are only partially blocked by ______and ______,
  7. Complete the following example of gamma emission: