Chapter One-The Human Body: an Orientation

Anatomy 10Exam One Study Guide

*A study guide is meant to guide you. It is not a comprehensive list of questions on the exam. Make sure that you know how each term/phrase relates to the surrounding terms/phrases).*

Chapter One-The Human Body: An Orientation

What is Anatomy? Physiology?
Why are anatomy and physiology inseparable? (think structure and function)
What are the levels of organization (atoms to organism) and what are you studying at each level?
What is homeostasis? What are the components of homeostatic control mechanisms and what is their role in maintaining

homeostasis?

What is negative and positive feedback? Know the examples described in class.
What is the purpose of the Anatomical position? What is the anatomical position?
Know all regional and directional terms (anterior and posterior views)
What are the three anatomical planes and what types of views (of the body/organs) do they allow you to see?
What are the body cavities and the organs/cavities they contain?
What are the nine abdominopelvic regions and their organs?

Chapter Two-Basic Chemistry

What is matter?
What is energy and the types discussed in class.
What are atoms? What is atomic structure?
What information does the atomic number and mass number tell you about an atom?
What makes an atom reactive (unstable) or unreactive (stable)?
What are the three types of chemical bonds discussed in classand how are they formed?
What is electronegativity?what types of atoms (discussed in class) are electronegative? How does electronegativity relateto polar covalent bonds?
What is an ion? What do you call a positively charged ion? Negatively charged ion? Why would an atom have a negative/positive

Charge (in other words, what subatomic particle have they lost/gained?

What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?
What is a molecule? Compound?
What are the four macromolecules of the body and:
What are the building blocks/ components needed to build each type?
How do you classify carbohydrates?
What is the function of each macromolecule?
What are the differences/similarities between DNA and RNA?
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
What is phosphorylation and what high energy molecule does it involve?

Chapter Three (First half)-Cells and Cellular Processes

Structure and function of cellular organelles discussed in class
Active vs. passive transport processes. What determines whether a substance can pass directly through the plasma membrane or

must use a transport protein?

What is a Concentration gradient? What does it mean to move substances down or against their gradient?
What is Tonicity? What do hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic solutions do to cells?
During what part of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? What enzymes are involved? (we only named two)
What are the two periods of the cell cycle? What are the subphases of these two periods of the cell cycle and what happens in each?
What is a chromosome, sister chromatid?
Be able to define protein synthesis and basic information presented in class.