Supplementary Table 1: Repeated-measures ANOVA (rmANOVA) results over time of FV/FM,ΔF/FM′, Qm, oxygen at shell surface and diffusive oxygen flux. a indicates that the data has been transformed using log10 or square root. * p <0.05.

df / F / p
FV/FM
-Time
-Time*pH
-Time*Temperature
-Time*pH*Temp / 1.37
1.37
1.37
1.37 / 84.83
8.57
16.88
7.27 / <0.001*
0.006*
<0.001*
0.010*
ΔF/FM′a
-Time
-Time*pH
-Time*Temperature
-Time*pH*Temp / 1.68
1.68
1.68
1.68 / 37.65
4.57
7.93
3.13 / <0.001*
0.028*
0.004*
0.073
Qma
-Time
-Time*pH
-Time*Temperature
-Time*pH*Temp / 1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77 / 22.55
3.03
6.36
0.64 / <0.001*
0.075
0.008*
0.521*
O2 at shell surface
-Time
-Time*pH
-Time*Temperature
-Time*Irradiance
-Time*pH*Temperature
-Time*pH*Irradiance
-Time*Irradiance*Temperature
-Time*pH*Temperature*Irradiance / 1.38
1.38
1.38
6.90
1.38
6.90
6.90
6.90 / 4.24
29.97
126.28
2.05
2.05
52.40
0.93
6.08 / 0.031*
<0.001*
<0.001*
0.063
<0.001*
0.486
<0.001*
0.077
Diffusive O2fluxa
-Time
-Time*pH
-Time*Temperature
-Time*Irradiance
-Time*pH*Temperature
-Time*pH*Irradiance
-Time*Irradiance*Temperature
-Time*pH*Temperature*Irradiance / 2
2
2
10
2
10
10
10 / 0.22
13.81
77.60
1.01
32.04
0.46
4.34
1.14 / 0.744
<0.001*
<0.001*
0.445
<0.001*
0.910
<0.001*
0.339

Supplementary Table 2: Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference post hoc results of oxygen at shell surface and diffusive oxygen flux among irradiances at week 3 and 5.a indicates that the data has been transformed using log10 or square root. Means of groups in different subsets indicates significant difference (p <0.05).

Week 3 / Week 5
Subset / Subset
1 / 2 / 3 / 1 / 2 / 3
O2 at shell surface
-0
-80
-150
-230
-900
-570
µmol photons m-2 s-1
p-value / 196.5
1.000 / 249.5
255.2
245.2
254.2
255.7
0.255 / O2 at shell surface
-0
-80
-900
-570
-230
-150
µmol photons m-2 s-1
p-value / 167.5
1.000 / 253.8
278.3
286.7
288.9
0.051 / 278.3
286.7
288.9
290.2
0.917
Diffusive O2fluxa
-0
-80
-150
-230
-900
-570
µmol photons m-2 s-1
p-value / -0.0275
1.000 / 0.0668
0.0774
0.1025
0.0818
0.0778
0.393 / Diffusive O2 flux
-0
-80
-900
-570
-150
-230
µmol photons m-2 s-1
p-value / -0.0683
1.000 / 0.0499
0.0762
0.1002
0.1189
0.050 / 0.0762
0.1002
0.1189
0.1352
0.135

Supplementary Table 3.Oxygen concentration (µmol L-1) at shell surface and diffusive boundary layer (DBL) thickness (µm) from each pH (8.1, 7.7) and temperature (28ºC, 32ºC) treatment at weeks 1, 3 and 5. Mean± SE (n = 4).

Week / Treatment / Oxygen at shell surface (µmol L-1) at each
irradiance (µmol photons m-2 s-1) / DBL thickness
(µm)
pH / Temp (ºC) / 0 / 80 / 150 / 230 / 570 / 900
1 / 199.6±6.4 / 235.2±18.1 / 253.6±17.3 / 263.8±35.8 / 275.5±53.8 / 271.7±29.4 / 100
3 / 8.1 / 28 / 191.3±0.9 / 261.5±7.5 / 254.1±6.0 / 258.5±3.1 / 280.1±9.2 / 258.2±0.5 / 125
8.1 / 32 / 188.4±2.4 / 305.9±20.6 / 313.5±8.3 / 257.6±0.5 / 270.6±4.2 / 294.2±5.2 / 125
7.7 / 28 / 200.5±0.5 / 221.9±0.5 / 225.7±2.9 / 225.8±1.3 / 226.6±3.6 / 221.5±1.4 / 75
7.7 / 32 / 205.8±0.7 / 208.6±0.4 / 227.4±5.2 / 238.9±10.0 / 245.6±7.9 / 243.1±8.8 / 75
5 / 8.1 / 28 / 186.2±7.4 / 420.9±27.7 / 530.5±11.6 / 511.1±70.4 / 512.8±13.9 / 513.4±0.1 / 125
8.1 / 32 / 175.8±11.7 / 179.0±4.2 / 169.3±3.7 / 174.1±1.2 / 167.3±2.5 / 169.1±8.5 / 125
7.7 / 28 / 141.2±5.3 / 232.5±4.8 / 264.6±8.5 / 278.7±0.3 / 280.9±7.3 / 250.1±0.8 / 125
7.7 / 32 / 166.9±5.8 / 182.6±9.9 / 196.2±2.1 / 191.6±1.0 / 185.8±9.3 / 180.8±0.8 / 125