Mr. Sullivan Name ______
AP World History Date ______
Textbook Guided Reading POD #25 – American Supremacy Period ______
Directions: Please complete these questions as a means to BEGIN studying and preparing for the upcoming POD test. It is your responsibility to complete this task by the due date. You may wish to refer to your class notes and materials, as well as your textbook for assistance in the completion of this task.
All answers should be placed on the answer worksheet below
Each Question is worth 1 point
Nota bene: The corresponding textbook page numbers are included with each question for your assistance.
Question / Answer / Question / Answer / Question / Answer / Question / Answer / Question / Answer1 / 16 / 31 / 46 / 61
2 / 17 / 32 / 47 / 62
3 / 18 / 33 / 48 / 63
4 / 19 / 34 / 49 / 64
5 / 20 / 35 / 50 / 65
6 / 21 / 36 / 51 / 66
7 / 22 / 37 / 52 / 67
8 / 23 / 38 / 53 / 68
9 / 24 / 39 / 54 / 69
10 / 25 / 40 / 55 / 70
11 / 26 / 41 / 56 / 71
12 / 27 / 42 / 57
13 / 28 / 43 / 58
14 / 29 / 44 / 59
15 / 30 / 45 / 60
1. Hindering Latin American development was the fact that Latin American countries
a. / were economically dependent on the United States and Britain.b. / had achieved independence in the nineteenth century but had not industrialized.
c. / were torn by class divisions of indigenous elites versus European-born people.
d. / had significantly different evolutions.
e. / All of these
REF: p. 832
2. One reason for the impoverishment of the Mexican peasantry was
a. / loss of land to the Mexican and American elites.b. / inability to afford railroad access.
c. / lack of educational opportunities.
d. / refusal to convert to Catholicism and be part of the network.
e. / lack of raw materials for infrastructure.
REF: p. 832
3. The motto of General Porfirio Diaz during his thirty-four years of rule was
a. / "Might makes right."b. / "Liberty, equality, fraternity."
c. / "Liberty, order, progress."
d. / "Mexico for Mexicans."
e. / "We must work harder."
REF: p. 833
4. Who were the Constitutionalists in Mexico?
a. / Peasant farmers forced off the landb. / Middle-class and industrial workers
c. / Wealthy landowners who had supported the Junta Central
d. / Zapatistas
e. / Supporters of Diaz
REF: p. 833
5. What did Emiliano Zapata do with the land he seized?
a. / Sold it and used it to purchase gunsb. / Started building forts
c. / Returned it to the Indian villages
d. / Declared it a separate nation
e. / Drilled for oil
REF: p. 833
6. Which of the following is not one of the reasons that the Constitutionalists eventually won control in Mexico?
a. / They had more soldiers than Zapata and Villa.b. / They defeated and killed Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa.
c. / They controlled oil exports.
d. / They used the profits from oil to buy weapons.
e. / They adopted many agrarian and social reforms.
REF: p. 833-834
7. The Mexican Revolution produced an "explosion" of creativity, for example, the
a. / paintings of Frida Kahlo.b. / sculpture of Pablo Picasso.
c. / novels of Salmon Rushdie.
d. / poetry of Keats.
e. / dance of Twyla Tharp.
REF: p. 836
8. The National Revolutionary Party (PNR) in 1928 in Mexico
a. / began a series of coups and assassinations.b. / was similar to fascist parties in Europe.
c. / created a forum for labor, peasants, and business.
d. / was very rigid and uncompromising.
e. / Both A and B
REF: p. 834
9. Although very popular, the revolutions by Zapata and Villa were hindered by what?
a. / the inability to form a national revolution.b. / their basis in the peasantry and lower classes alienated the Constitutionalists.
c. / they had no significant resources to stage a long-lasting fight.
d. / lack of support by the Catholic factions.
e. / their lack of technology and mobility.
REF: p. 834
10. What was NOT promised in the Mexican Constitution of 1917?
a. / a one year presidency.b. / Restrictions on foreign ownership of property
c. / universal suffrage.
d. / End of debt peonage
e. / Free education from the Catholic church.
REF: p. 834
11. Argentina's government represented the interests of the oligarquia, which was
a. / a brotherhood of unions.b. / a small group of wealthy landowners.
c. / a large group of middle-class professionals.
d. / the military high command.
e. / the priesthood.
REF: p. 836
12. Both Argentina and Brazil had
a. / large, docile middle classes.b. / a small but outspoken middle class.
c. / no middle class.
d. / a classless society.
e. / a feudal aristocracy.
REF: p. 836
13. After World War I, radio communication in Latin America was controlled by
a. / a cartel of U.S., British, French, and German companies.b. / OPEC.
c. / the Mexican Parliament.
d. / the Cuban Communist party.
e. / a Latin American conglomerate, UNESCO.
REF: p. 837
14. The Depression of 1929
a. / had far less impact on Argentina and Brazil than it had on Europe or the United States.b. / was not the turning point that the First and Second World Wars were.
c. / caused Argentina and Brazil to veer toward authoritarian regimes.
d. / impacted Argentina but had almost no effect on Brazil.
e. / caused economic devastation that has still not been reversed.
REF: p. 837
15. Vargas's policy of industrialization of Brazil was called
a. / "demand side" economics.b. / "supply side" economics.
c. / decreasing returns to scale.
d. / mercantilism.
e. / None of these
REF: p. 837
16. A consequence of the industrialization of Brazil was
a. / invasion by the United States.b. / overproduction of goods.
c. / price inflation.
d. / deforestation.
e. / all of these.
REF: p. 837
17. The mass encampments of the poor in Brazil were called
a. / barriosb. / shantytowns.
c. / favelas
d. / "proletariat plantations"
e. / "Vargas-ville"
REF: p. 837
18. In Argentina, Juan Perón was elected president in 1946 with the help of his
a. / secret police force, the "grey shirts."b. / wife, Eva Perón.
c. / charm and personality.
d. / message of peace and equality.
e. / None of these
REF: p. 838-839
19. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was a
a. / military alliance consisting of the United States and western European countries.b. / military alliance consisting of the USSR and eastern European countries.
c. / military alliance of newly freed African countries.
d. / military alliance of the recently defeated countries of World War II.
e. / military compact among the nonaligned states.
REF: p. 848
20. The Marshall Plan
a. / used currency reserves from member nations to finance temporary trade deficits.b. / launched a process of economic cooperation and integration.
c. / provided 12.5 billion dollars in economic aid to friendly European countries.
d. / was never enacted due to partisan political feuds in Congress.
e. / helped to rebuild Japan.
REF: p. 851
21. Restrictions on U.S. military operations during the Vietnam War were designed to
a. / prevent China from entering the war.b. / keep the army from winning the war.
c. / appease American antiwar activists.
d. / win the sympathy of the North Vietnamese leaders.
e. / limit civilian casualties.
REF: p. 853
22. Who were the Viet Cong?
a. / A North Vietnamese supported communist guerilla movement.b. / Chinese military advisors to the North Vietnamese.
c. / CIA sponsored freedom troops for South Vietnam.
d. / Neutral Vietnamese who wanted decolonization.
e. / Westernized, pro-French South Vietnamese middle classes.
REF: p. 853
23. The discovery by the United States that the Soviet Union had deployed nuclear missiles in Cuba in 1962 sparked
a. / the blockade of Cuba.b. / United States deployment of nuclear missiles in Turkey.
c. / rebellion in Czechoslovakia.
d. / the Bay of Pigs invasion.
e. / the Cuban missile crisis.
REF: p. 855
24. The Helsinki Accords
a. / were finalized in 1975.b. / were a precursor to human rights dialogue.
c. / called for government and economic contact across the iron curtain.
d. / said that no boundaries should be changed by military force.
REF: p. 855
25. President Lyndon Johnson's reform agenda for American reforms was called the:
a. / New Dealb. / Square Deal
c. / New Frontier
d. / Great Society
e. / Peace Corps.
REF: p. 855
26. Why were Greece and Turkey admitted to NATO?
a. / They were felt to be capable of participating in the EEC.b. / to check Soviet expansion in Europe.
c. / They were democratic republics with constitutions and met the NATO criteria.
d. / They provided missile bases to Western military forces.
e. / To reward their resistance movements against the Axis powers during WW II.
REF: p. 852
27. What event was the catalyst for the space race?
a. / The United States landing of a man on the moonb. / The successful Soviet flight of a man around the earth
c. / The Soviet Sputnik satellite launch
d. / The crash of the Apollo 11
e. / The U-2 incident of 1960
REF: p. 855
28. The first humans to walk on the moon in the 20th century were:
a. / Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong.b. / Chuck Yeager and Sally Ride.
c. / Michael Collins and James Lovell
d. / Sergei Korolov and Yuri Gagarin
e. / Vladimir Komarov and Alexei Leonov
REF: p. 856
29. The United States overthrew the Guatemalan government in 1954 because
a. / it mistreated agricultural workers.b. / it threatened to seize large agricultural estates owned by the United Fruit Company.
c. / of repeated strikes by trade unionists.
d. / it failed to pay the army regularly.
e. / it was harboring kidnappers of American missionaries.
REF: p. 861
30. In 1956, 25 percent of Cuban national income was derived from
a. / tin and nickel mining.b. / the United Fruit Company.
c. / sugar manufacture and export.
d. / United States foreign aid.
e. / casinos and tourism.
REF: p. 861
31. Latin America's decolonization was significantly different from that of Africa because
a. / independence movements had occurred in the nineteenth century but were not followed by industrialization.b. / there were fewer nations in Latin America than in Africa.
c. / Latin America was only controlled by Spain and Portugal, while in Africa there were many more European nations present.
d. / Latin America had never been part of the slave trade.
e. / Latin America was predominantly Catholic.
REF: p. 860
32. The Bay of Pigs invasion
a. / was a response to the Cuban missile crisis.b. / was a United States-sponsored attempt to overthrow Castro.
c. / led to the overthrow of Batista.
d. / was Cuban terrorists attacking U.S. military bases in Florida.
e. / All of these
REF: p. 864
33. The goal of Castro and his revolution was to
a. / install a communist government.b. / champion human rights.
c. / end American economic imperialism.
d. / turn Cuba into a market economy and democracy.
e. / All of these
REF: p. 861-862
34. Third World nations were
a. / unwilling to flirt with either the US or the USSR.b. / ignored by the Soviet Union.
c. / mostly in Latin America.
d. / usually newly independent, poor nations.
e. / all in the Northern Hemisphere.
REF: p. 865
35. An example of new awareness of environmental issues in the United States was the
a. / establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970.b. / government takeover of the Chrysler Corporation.
c. / damming of the Colorado River.
d. / 1967 law prohibiting strip mining.
e. / All of these
REF: p. 869
36. The "Brazilian Solution" refers to
a. / the rapid population expansion in Latin American nations.b. / Amerindian genocide.
c. / the combination of dictatorship, repression, and government promotion of industrialization.
d. / a chemical spray used to destroy the rain forest.
e. / the development of a defense against nuclear attack.
REF: p. 874
37. Salvador Allende sought to implement socialist reforms in what country?
a. / Chileb. / Brazil
c. / Argentina
d. / Costa Rica
e. / Belize
REF: p. 874
38. The first Latin American nation to experience conservative reaction to the Cuban revolution was:
a. / Argentina.b. / Peru.
c. / Brazil.
d. / Venezuela
e. / Uruguay
REF: p. 874
39. The "Dirty War" was fought in
a. / Chile.b. / Brazil.
c. / Nicaragua.
d. / Panama.
e. / Argentina.
REF: p. 875
40. "Dirty war" was so deemed because it was characterized by
a. / leftist propaganda during the Cold Warb. / the use of long-lasting radioactive weapons.
c. / tremendous deforestation and stripping of natural resources.
d. / torture and executions by the military.
e. / a peasant movement against the wealthy landowners.
REF: p. 875
41. Which United States president worked to reestablish Panamanian sovereignty in the Canal Zone?
a. / Ronald Reaganb. / Jimmy Carter
c. / Gerald Ford
d. / George Bush
e. / Bill Clinton
REF: p. 876
42. The "Contras" were
a. / Nicaraguan revolutionaries who supported the Sandinistas.b. / the group of United States congressional opponents to the Reagan policy in South America.
c. / counterrevolutionaries financed by the Reagan administration to oppose the Sandinistas.
d. / El Salvadoran revolutionaries.
e. / Cuban terrorists organized by Castro to avenge the Bay of Pigs.
REF: p. 876