Christopher Smith Summary of Quiz Examples
Christopher Smith summary of Quiz Examples
IET 698 Spring 2015
Review Test Submission: Quiz One
- Question 1
2 out of 2 points
What is research?Selected Answer: / Is a systemic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information and data in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned about.
Correct Answer: /
- Research is information gathering
- Research is transportation of facts from one location to another.
- Research is rummaging for informatio
- Research is a catchword used to get attention.
- Question 2
0.5 out of 0.5 points
Which of the following observations on research is correct?Selected Answer: /
Increasing complexities in technology and business increase the need for research.
Correct Answer: /
Increasing complexities in technology and business increase the need for research.
- Question 3
0.5 out of 0.5 points
The value of applied research in a managerial environment comes from:Selected Answer: /
Its help in decision making.
Correct Answer: /
Its help in decision making.
- Question 4
0.5 out of 0.5 points
research involves:Selected Answer: /
An application of scientific methods to information collection and analysis.
Correct Answer: /
An application of scientific methods to information collection and analysis.
- Question 5
1.5 out of 2 points
(1) What is the main purpose for RESEARCH? (2) List and explain four categories that describe the existing types of research: Methodology, Applicability, Locality, and funding. (3) Describe the two types of research based on Methodology: Empirical and Theoretical.Selected Answer: / (1) To enhance our understanding of a phenomenon and communicate to the larger scientific community.
Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and quantitative or qualitative techniques. taken from:
Emprical is based on actual testing and events.
Theoretical probability is given by the number of ways the particular event can occur divided by the total number of possible outcomes.
Applicability: This is the degree to which the results of an observation, study, or review are likely to hold true in your practice setting. taken from:
Locality: analysis of research data that is gathered
funding: is a term generally covering any funding for scientific research, in the areas of both "hard" science and technology and social science. The term often connotes funding obtained through a competitive process, in which potential research projects are evaluated and only the most promising receive funding. Such processes, which are run by government, corporations or foundations, allocate scarce funds. taken from:
Correct Answer: / [None]
- Question 6
0.5 out of 0.5 points
An estimate of next year's market share is an example of what type of research?Selected Answer: /
Predictive
Correct Answer: /
Predictive
- Question 7
1 out of 2.5 points
What is an assumption of a hypothesis?Selected Answer: / An assumption is a belief that forms one of the bases for the research. This belief is not to be tested or supported with empirical data. Very often belief is not stated in a research proposal.
A hypothesis is a tentative answer to a research question.
Where can a hypothesis be derived from?
a. from the observation before the research is conducted. This is called inductive hypothesis
b. from the theory. This is called deductive hypothesis.
It does not matter how you derive it, but it must: (a) state relationship between variables, (b) be testable–remember the operational definition, (c) be consistent with the existing theory/knowledge, and (d) be simple and concise.
Taken from:
Correct Answer: /
An assumption is a condition that is taken for granted, without which the research project would be pointless. Assumptions are usually so self-evident that a researcher may consider it unnecessary to mention them.
- Question 8
0.5 out of 0.5 points
Good research studies:Selected Answer: /
Declare their limitations and flaws in procedure.
Correct Answer: /
Declare their limitations and flaws in procedure.
- Question 9
0.5 out of 1.5 points
What is a hypothesis?Selected Answer: / A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For a hypothesis to be a scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. Scientists generally base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that cannot satisfactorily be explained with the available scientific theories. Even though the words "hypothesis" and "theory" are often used synonymously, a scientific hypothesis is not the same as a scientific theory. A working hypothesis is a provisionally accepted hypothesis proposed for further research.[
Taken from:
Correct Answer: /
A hypothesis is a logical supposition, a reasonable guess, an educated conjecture. It provides a tentative explanation for a phenomenon under investigation.
- Question 10
0.5 out of 0.5 points
Data was analyzed and it showed that: a salesperson's performance is directly and positively related to the salesperson's level of education. this is an example of what type of research?Selected Answer: /
Explanatory
Correct Answer: /
Explanatory
- Question 11
0.5 out of 0.5 points
Applied research:Selected Answer: /
Is problem directed and closely related to policy or action needs.
Correct Answer: /
Is problem directed and closely related to policy or action needs.
- Question 12
0.5 out of 0.5 points
Which of the following is a true statement?Selected Answer: /
research can provide guideposts even to experienced and intuitive people.
Correct Answer: /
research can provide guideposts even to experienced and intuitive people.
- Question 13
0.5 out of 2 points
What is a theory?Selected Answer: / Theories are analytical tools for understanding, explaining, and making predictions about a given subject matter. There are theories in many and varied fields of study, including the arts and sciences. A formal theory is syntactic in nature and is only meaningful when given a semantic component by applying it to some content (i.e. facts and relationships of the actual historical world as it is unfolding). Theories in various fields of study are expressed in natural language, but are always constructed in such a way that their general form is identical to a theory as it is expressed in the formal language of mathematical logic. Theories may be expressed mathematically, symbolically, or in common language, but are generally expected to follow principles of rational thought or logic.
Taken from:
Correct Answer: /
A theory is an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon.
- Question 14
0.5 out of 0.5 points
A predictive study showed that a company would gain a 10% market share if it reduced its product price by $5. The study assumed competitions would keep the prices of their products unchanged.Selected Answer: /
As the conpany cannot control the price decisions of its conpetitors so the study is not very useful.
Correct Answer: /
As the conpany cannot control the price decisions of its conpetitors so the study is not very useful.
- Question 15
0 out of 0.5 points
Which of the following types of research is conducted to evaluate specific courses of action or forecast current or future value?Selected Answer: /
Prediction studies
Correct Answer: /
Description studies
Review Test Submission: Quiz 4 - Chapter 4 - Review of the Related Literature
Question 1
1.5 out of 0.66 points
Explain how to understand this question “knowing when to quit” as a researcher conducts a review of the literature.Selected Answer: / Knowing when to quit • Look for repetitive patterns in the materials you are finding and reading. When you no longer encounter new viewpoints then you may be reasonable sure that you are familiar with the critical parts of the literature. (Leedy, P.& Ormrod, J. ,2005)
Correct Answer: /
In theory, the answer might be “Never”. As long as people continue to conduct research related to your topic, there will always be additional information that may be helpful to you.From a practical standpoint, however, you must finish your search, use what you have to trained, and get on with the study itself.n general, we strongly suggest that like as: look for repetitive patterns in the materials you are finding and reading. For example…..
Question 2
1 out of 0.66 points
Explain how to focus your attention through the main problem and subproblems when you read the literature.Selected Answer: / Write the main problem at the top of the page. Then write each subproblem in its entirety across the page.
Correct Answer: /
- Write the problem at the top of a sheet of paper
- Write each subproblem, in its entirety, across the page.
- Identify the keywords and phrases in each subproblem
- Write these keywords and phrases in a column under the appropriate subproblem. The lists you generate become your “agenda” as you read the literature.
- Go to the liberty to seek out resources related to your agenda.
- &νβσπ;Read!
Question 3
2 out of 0.66 points
Kirby is conducting a literature review in preparation for his study of “expectations regarding the sharing of financial and practical responsibilities among married and cohabiting couples in which both partners are between the ages of 20 and 29.” Conducting a keyword search on “couples” and “responsibility,” Kirby has generated a lengthy list of research articles. He decides to shorten the list of potential articles by eliminating all articles that were not published in prestigious research journals. He will include all the remaining articles in his literature review. What is your opinion of Kirby’s approach to selecting articles for the literature review? Explain.Selected Answer: / the quality of the journal is only one factor worth noting when trying to decide which decision to make in the review. His search seems somewhat generic. He needs to narrow his list of articles and ensure he only uses the ones that are most relevant to his topic. Later in his research he might find to eliminate more articles but it is still too early in his study to make that decision.
Correct Answer: /
Kirby is right that the quality of the journal in which articles are published is one factor worth noting when making decisions about what to include in the literature review. However, there were more important distinctions Kirby should have made before taking that particular step. The keywords Kirby used in his search were overly general. His list of articles undoubtedly contains many that are only remotely related to his research problem, as well as many that are closely related. To maintain appropriate focus in the literature review, Kirby needs to first narrow his list of articles to those most relevant to his particular research problem. It may later make sense to eliminate additional articles from the list on the basis of journal quality, but that decision is premature at Kirby’s present state.
Question 4
2 out of 0.66 points
Explain the research cycle.Selected Answer: / The research cycle was developed by Jamie McKenzie in 1995. Emphasis is given to the initial development of questions to clarify and establish subsequent steps in the research process.
The research cycle is composed of seven stages:
- Questioning: student clarifies information needed and leads to elaborating questions
- Planning: student identifies likely sources of information
- Gathering: student collects pertinent information for consideration
- Sorting & sifting: student sorts and sifts in search of information that contributes to understanding
- Synthesizing: student arranges and rearranges information in search of patterns and/or a clearer picture
- Evaluating: student determines what information might be missing and repeats earlier stages of the research cycle in search of better, clearer information
- Reporting: student reports findings or recommendations.
Correct Answer: /
• Research begins with a problem: an unanswered question in the mind of the researcher.
• Research defines the goal in terms of a clear statement of the problem.
• Research subdivides the problem into appropriate subproblems.
• Research posits tentative solutions to the problems through reasonable hypotheses direct the researcher to appropriate data.
• Research looks for data directed by the hypotheses and guided by the problem. The data are collected and organized.
• Research interprets the meaning of the data, which leads to a resolution of the problem, thus confirming or rejecting the hypotheses and providing an answer to the question that began the research cycle. At this point, one or more new problems may emerge.
Question 5
1.5 out of 0.66 points
Use a actual example to explain how on-line catalog workSelected Answer: / You enter up to three words or phrases in a database. In pull down menus to the right of the boxes you can indicate weather each phrase you have typed is a keyword, author, title, word, or phrase in the abstract or in its entity.
Like enter PsycInfo for a research project. each time you identify a useful source you can mark each record and at the end of your search of PsycINFO you can save it or print or email the complete list of sources you have identified.
Correct Answer: /
if you log on one university catalog, it usually allow you to look for books by author, title, call number, or subject (i.e., by one or more keywords). And they will let you browse among related books quickly and easily. Then they will typically tell you the status of a book---whether it’s currently available or when it’s due to be returned.
For example………………
Question 6
1.5 out of 0.66 points
List some command search engine sites you usually use, and then explain what strategies were applied when you use these search engine sites.Selected Answer: / I normally use google or yahoo search engines. My strategy is looking for the top search engine sites listed then reviewing key words in each sub header in order to investigate further. After investigating I narrow my search down to just a few key sites to use for my research.
Correct Answer: /
For example………
- Use at least two keywords to limit your search.
- Type a plus sign (+) before any keyword that you definitely want used in your search.
- &νβσπ;&νβσπ;If you want to look for a phrase rather than a single word, put quotation marks around the phrase.
Question 7
1.5 out of 0.66 points
Explain the benefits of a literature, as a researcherSelected Answer: / Assessment of the current state of research on a topic. This is probably the most obvious value of the literature review. Once a researcher has determined an area to work with for a research project, a search of relevant information sources will help determine what is already known about the topic and how extensively the topic has already been researched.
- Identification of the experts on a particular topic. One of the additional benefits derived from doing the literature review is that it will quickly reveal which researchers have written the most on a particular topic and are, therefore, probably the experts on the topic. Someone who has written twenty articles on a topic or on related topics is more than likely more knowledgeable than someone who has written a single article. This same writer will likely turn up as a reference in most of the other articles written on the same topic. From the number of articles written by the author and the number of times the writer has been cited by other authors, a researcher will be able to assume that the particular author is an expert in the area and, thus, a key resource for consultation in the current research to be undertaken.
- Identification of key questions about a topic that need further research. In many cases a researcher may discover new angles that need further exploration by reviewing what has already been written on a topic. For example, research may suggest that listening to music while studying might lead to better retention of ideas, but the research might not have assessed whether a particular style of music is more beneficial than another. A researcher who is interested in pursuing this topic would then do well to follow up existing studies with a new study, based on previous research, that tries to identify which styles of music are most beneficial to retention.
- Determination of methodologies used in past studies of the same or similar topics. It is often useful to review the types of studies that previous researchers have launched as a means of determining what approaches might be of most benefit in further developing a topic. By the same token, a review of previously conducted studies might lend itself to researchers determining a new angle for approaching research.
Correct Answer: /
- It will increase your confidence in your topic if you find that others have an interest in this topic and have invested time, effort, and resources in studying it.
- It can provide you with new ideas and approaches that may not have occurred to you.
- It can inform you about other researchers conducting work in this area---individuals whom you may wish to contact for advice or feedback.
- It can reveal sources of data that you may not have known existed.
- It can introduce you to measurement tools that other researchers have developed and used effectively.
- It can reveal methods of dealing with problem situations that may be similar to difficulties you are facing.
- It can help you interpret and make sense of your findings and, ultimately, help you tie your results to the work of those who have preceded you.
Question 8
2 out of 0.66 points