Chapter 6; Section 1: Pages 156-161

Chapter 6; Section 1: Pages 156-161

1. Volcanic eruptions can be ______times stronger than the explosion produced by the first atomic bomb.
2. What is magma?
3. Magma that flows onto the Earth’s surface is called ______.
4. What is a volcano?
5. Which of the following can happen during nonexplosive eruptions?
6. Violent explosions
7. Tons of rock blasted into the air
8. Huge lava flows
9. Fire shooting into the air
10. The most common type of volcanic eruption is ______.
11. Large areas of the Earth are covered with ______from nonexplosive eruptions,
12. Volcanic eruptions occur on land and on the ______floor.
13. Which of the following would you expect to see during an explosive volcanic eruption?
14. Calm lava flows
15. Hot debris, ash, and gas shooting into the air
16. A rainbow
17. Lava fountains
18. In a volcanic eruption, molten rock is blown into dust-sized particles called ______.
19. How quickly can an explosive eruption demolish a mountainside?
20. During an explosive eruption, where do larger pieces of debris fall?

1. Hot liquid material below the surface
2. An opening in the Earth’s crust
3. Molten material flowing on the surface

1. Silica-rich magma
2. Has a thin, runny consistency
3. Allows gases to escape easily
4. Causes explosive eruptions
5. Is rarely associated with explosive eruptions
6. The more water contained in magma, the ______the chances an explosive eruption will occur.
7. The main product of a nonexplosive eruption is ______.
8. The main product of an explosive eruption is ______.
9. Pyroclastic material forms when ______is blasted into the air and hardens.

1. Forms underwater in rounded lumps
2. Flows slowly, like dripping wax
3. Has a brittle, jagged crust
4. Cool, stiff lava that forms jumbled heaps

1. The viscosity of lava tells how ______the lava is.
2. Lava that pours out quickly and forms a brittle crust is called ______lava.
3. Lava that flows slowly and has rounded wrinkles on its glassy surface is called ______lava.

1. Large blobs of magma that harden

in the air

1. Solid rock blasted out of a volcano
2. Glass-like slivers from the walls of

exploding gas bubbles

1. Pebble like bits of magma that cool

in the air

1. When large amounts of hot ash, dust and gases are ejected from a volcano, the result is a dangerous type of flow called a(n) ______.
2. Pyroclastic materials can race downhill at speeds of more than ______.

Chapter 6; Section 2: Pages 162-165

Place the following events in order to show how a single volcano can cause widespread disaster.

1. ______Less sunlight reaches Earth
2. ______There is a large-scale volcanic eruption
3. ______The Earth experiences longer, harsher winters and wetter, milder summers
4. ______The average global temperature drops
5. ______Worldwide food shortages occur because of widespread crop failures.
6. ______Volcanic ash and sulfur-rich gases spread through the atmosphere

1. The largest mountains on

Earth

1. Forms from lava; not steep
2. Often occurs in clusters
3. Forms from alternating

layers of pyroclastic material and lava

1. Made entirely of pyroclastic materials
2. Sometimes called stratovolcano

1. The funnel-shaped pit around a volcano’s central vent is a(n)
2. Magma chamber
3. Caldera
4. Crater
5. Lava plateau

1. When the roof over a magma chamber collapses, it forms a
2. Vent
3. Caldera
4. Crater
5. Lava plateau
6. Craters, calderas, and lava plateaus are volcanic ______.
7. A caldera is ______than a crater.
8. A long crack in the Earth’s crust is called
9. After repeated eruptions of lava spread over a large area, ______is formed.
10. Lava plateaus are created by ______eruptions.

Chapter 6; Section 3: Pages 166-171

1. To help predict eruptions, scientists study ______coming from active volcanoes and look for changes in the volcanoes.
2. The rock of the Earth’s mantle
3. Flows very quickly
4. Has a puttylike consistency
5. Is cooler than the Earth’s crust
6. Is solid and rock-hard
7. Rock usually melts to form magma
8. When there is an increase in pressure
9. When there is a decrease in pressure
10. When there is a decrease e in temperature
11. When it is in a volcano
12. Magma forms in the deeper regions of the Earth’s ______and the uppermost layers of the ______.
13. Changes in ______and ______cause magma to form.
14. How does magma behave like air bubbles in a jar of honey?

1. About 80% of active volcanoes on land form where plates
2. Join b. Collide
3. Separated. Slide past each other
4. Tectonic plate boundaries are areas where tectonic plates ______, ______, and/or ______.
5. Why are the plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific Ocean called the Ring of Fire?
6. A set of rifts between separating plates is called a(n)
7. Divergent boundaryc. Crater column
8. Mantle rockd. Rift zone
9. Tectonic plates separate at a(n) ______boundary.

Place the following in the correct order:

1. ____Magma rises to the surface of the surrounding rock.
2. ____Mantle material rises to fill the spaces between the plates.
3. ____The magma forms a new crust on the ocean floor
4. ____A rift forms as tectonic plates move apart
5. ____The mantle rock melts because of the decrease in pressure.

1. Subduction is
2. The movement of one tectonic plate against another
3. The movemnt of one tectonic plate over another
4. The movemnt of one tectonic plate under another
5. The novement of one tectonic plate away from another
6. Convergent boundaries commonly exist where
7. Tectonic plates move side by side
8. Oceanic crust moves away from continental crust
9. Continental crust is subducted under oceanic crust
10. Tectonic plates collide with each other
11. As the ocean crust sinks deeper into the mantle
12. The oceanic crust is ______and ______than the continental crust.
13. The Hawaiian lands are located
14. What are hot spots?
15. Some scientists believe that hot spots form along in the Earths’ crust.

Match each with the correct volcano type:

1. Have not erupted in thousands of years.
2. Have not erupted recently
3. Are erupting now
4. Probably won’t erupt again
5. Will probably erupt in the future
6. Will probably erupt in the near future

1. Just before an eruption, the number and intensity of small earthquakes ______.
2. Changes in the ratio of sulfur dioxide to carbon dioxide may indicate changes in the ______below.
3. Small changes in the volcanoes slope can be ______.
4. What are 3 ways scientists can predict volcanic explosions?
5. What might cause a bulge in the slope of a volcano?

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