Chapter 18: the Taxonomy of Life

BIOLOGYNAME______

CHAPTER 18: THE TAXONOMY OF LIFE

All organisms are classified in one of the six Kingdoms of life. These Kingdoms are Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Organisms are placed into these categories based on common characteristics and shared genetics. Some of the characteristics that are used to determine an organisms placement are cell type, metabolism, and type of reproduction.

ARCHAE Chemosynthetic Bacteria

BACTERIA Cyanobacteria,Human Pathogens

EUKARYA

ProtistaProtoazoans, Human parasites

FungiMushrooms Molds and Rusts, Human Pathogens

PlantsCycads, Conifers, Flowering Plants

AnimalsFrom Sponges to Mammals

Below is a relatively simple list of the major constituents of the 6 Kingdoms of Life. Feel free to use this as a point of departure in your work

I.ARCHAEBACTERIA

Organisms: Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermophiles, Psychrophiles
Cell Type: Prokaryotic- Unicellular
Metabolism: Depending on species - oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur, sulfide may be needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Depending on species – Chemosynthesis, with some Photosynthesis- ALL AUTOTROPH

Reproduction: Asexual reproduction by binary fission, budding, or fragmentation.

II. EUBACTERIA

Organisms: Bacteria, Cyanobacteria(blue-green algae), Actinobacteria
Cell Type: Prokaryotic, Unicellular
Metabolism: Depending on species - oxygen may be toxic, tolerated, or needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Depending on species; absorption, photosynthesis, or chemosynthesis. AUTOTROPH & HETEROTROPH
Reproduction: Asexual reproduction

III.PROTISTA

Organisms: Amoebae, green algae, brown algae, diatoms, euglena, slime molds
Cell Type: Eukaryotic, Unicellular
Metabolism: Oxygen is needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Depending on species; absorption, photosynthesis, or chemosynthesis. AUTOTROPH & HETEROTROPH
Reproduction: Mostly asexual reproduction –some sexual

IV.FUNGI

Organisms: Mushrooms, yeast, molds
Cell Type: Eukaryotic, Unicellular & Multicellular
Metabolism: Oxygen is needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Absorption- ALL HETEROTROPH
Reproduction: Asexual or sexualreproduction occur.

V.PLANTAE

Organisms: Mosses, angiosperms(flowering plants), gymnosperms, liverworts, ferns
Cell Type: Eukaryotic, Multicellular
Metabolism: Oxygen is needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Photosynthesis-ALL AUTOTROPH
Reproduction: Some species reproduce asexually by mitosis. Other species exhibit sexual reproduction.

VI.ANIMALIA

Organisms: Mammals, amphibians, sponges, insects, worms
Cell Type: Eukaryotic, Multicellular
Metabolism: Oxygen is needed for metabolism.
Nutrition Acquisition: Ingestion-ALL HETEROTROPH
Reproduction: Sexual reproduction -some asexual

FOR THE FOLLOWING TABLE LIST THE 3 DOMAINS AND 6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE.

DESCRIBE CELL TYPE, FORM OF TROPHISM, REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY, AND GIVE AT LEAST 2 EXAMPLES OF SPECIES. INCLUDE A SIMPLE DIAGRAM TO HELP YOU REMEMEBER THE TAXON AND INCLUDE FUN FACTS.

U-unicellularM- multicellular P-prokaryotic E –eukaryoticA- autotrophicH- heterotrophic S- sexual A- asexual