2015 Regional Middle TN
Livestock Evaluation CDE
Test Bank
1. Adapting the behavior of animals to fit the needs of humans is called:
a. Training
b. Domestication
c. Breeding
d. Culling
2. In the classification of farm animals; cattle, sheep and goats all belong to the same class, order, family. The family they belong to is:
a. Artiodactyla
b. Bos indicus
c. Bovidae
d. Moufflons
3. Which species of domestic livestock is considered the least intelligent?
a. Cattle
b. Goats
c. Sheep
d. Swine
4. Which animal by-product derived from the pancreas is used in the treatment of diabetes?
a. Cortisone
b. Insuline
c. Epinephrine
d. Heparin
5. Which livestock product has the highest consumption rate in the United States?
a. Beef
b. Lamb
c. Goat
d. Pork
6. Livestock production faces the greatest scrutiny and potential lawsuits in which of the
Following areas?
a. Facilities design
b. Predator control
c. Nutrition values
d. Waste management
7. What is the primary environmental factor that affects the efficiency of energy from feed
consumption of farm animals?
a. Air temperature
b. Humidity
c. Precipitation
d. Wind
8. Ractopamine Hydrochloride is a growth promoter that increases feed efficiency, encourages
muscle growth, and lower fat content in which species?
a. Cattle
b. Goats
c. Sheep
d. Swine
9. The first successful cloning of a farm animal occurred in 1996 with:
a. Cattle
b. Goats
c. Sheep
d. Swine
10. Which state has greatest beef production?
a. Oklahoma
b. Iowa
c. California
d. Nebraska
11. Limousin, Charolais, and Maine‐Anjou cattle are important breeds used in U.S. beef production
that all originated from:
a. England
b. Italy
c. Scotland
d. France
12. Which is the oldest breed of cattle developed in the United States using Brahman as a
foundation breed based on breeding records and NOT the formation of the breed association?
a. Beefmaster
b. Santa Gertrudis
c. Brangus
d. Braford
13. Which breed of cattle has the lowest birth weight used in performance testing programs?
a. Angus
b. Hereford
c. Charolais
d. Simmental
14. The state with the highest pork production is:
a. North Carolina
b. Minnesota
c. Texas
d. Indiana
15. Which breed of swine is the oldest of the pure breeds?
a. Yorkshire
b. Hampshire
c. Tamworth
d. Berkshire
16. Which breed of swine was originally known as the Thin Rind?
a. Poland China
b. Hereford
c. Hampshire
d. Landrace
17. Which breed of swine is the most prolific for average litter size?
a. Duroc
b. Chester White
c. Hampshire
d. Landrace
18. The National Pork Board developed a model of the ideal market hog know as:
a. Perfection II
b. Symbol III
c. Jasper
d. Vision III
19. A visual evaluation of the amount of muscle on a hog is best seen by looking at which view of
the animal? (P 409)
a. Side
b. Rear
c. Front
d. Top
20. What percentage of the total value of the carcass of a hog is made up of the four primal cuts?
a. 45%
b. 60%
c. 75%
d. 80%
21. Which state has the highest production of sheep and lambs?
a. Wyoming
b. South Dakota
c. Ohio
d. California
22. Which classification of sheep is bred primarily for meat production?
a. Medium wool sheep
b. Fine wool sheep
c. Hair sheep
d. Fur sheep
23. Which breed of sheep was developed in the United States? (p 498)
a. Hampshire
b. Dorset
c. Southdown
d. Debouillet
24. Which breed of goat main function is the production of mohair?
a. Angora
b. Nubian
c. Boer
d. Toggenburg
25. Which breed of goat is used in crossbreeding programs to increase meat production?
a. Boer
b. Angora
c. Spanish
d. Saanen
26. Which species of livestock has a diploid number of 27 (pairs of chromosomes)?
a. Cattle
b. Goats
c. Sheep
d. Swine
27. Which trait in beef cattle has the highest heritability estimate?
a. Gain on pasture
b. Final feedlot weight
c. Birth weight
d. Efficiency of gain
28. Sheep have the highest heritability estimate for which of the following traits?
a. Staple length
b. Feed efficiency
c. Conformation score
d. Fat thickness
29. Which trait for swine has the lowest heritability estimate?
a. Percent ham
b. Carcass length
c. Loin muscle area
d. Litter size
30. The physical appearance of an animal is referred to as it:
a. Phenotype
b. Genotype
c. Dominance
d. Codominance
31. Which hormone is responsible for the masculine appearance in animals?
a. Progesterone
b. Estrogen
c. Masterone
d. Testosterone
32. Which species of livestock reaches puberty based on the season and not age?
a. Cattle
b. Goats
c. Sheep
d. Swine
33. The length of gestation for swine is an average of how many days?
a. 283 days
b. 151 days
c. 148 days
d. 114 days
34. The release of the egg from the ovary is called?
a. Ovulation
b. Fertilization
c. Gestation
d. Parturition
35. The most intensive form of inbreeding is called?
a. Purebreeding
b. Closebreeding
c. Linebreeding
d. Outcrossing
36. When crossbreeding beef cattle with a 2-breed cross, which trait has the advantage over non-
crossbred cattle?
a. Carcass traits
b. Yearling weight
c. Feed efficiency
d. Disease immunity
37. Which production trait in swine is not increased when crossing with a purebred sow?
a. Conception rate
b. Litter size weaned
c. Days to 220 pounds
d. Feed/gain ratio
38. What percent of beef cattle cow-calf operations in the United States have less than 50 head of
cows?
a. 21.5%
b. 43.5%
c. 52.5%
d. 77.5% (247)
39. Which breed of beef cattle has been the leader on total number registered since 1970?
a. Simmental
b. Hereford
c. Angus (249)
d. Charolais
40. Which breed of beef cattle did NOT originate in Scotland?
a. Angus
b. Galloway
c. Shorthorn (255)
d. Highland
41. Which English breed of cattle was originally called Durhams?
a. Hereford
b. Angus
c. Shorthorn (255)
d. Devon
42. Which breed of polled cattle originated from horned cattle and were selected because of the recessive trait and not a breed know to be naturally polled?
a. Galloway
b. Red Angus
c. Red Poll
d. Polled Hereford (253)
43. Which breed of beef cattle in NOT white in color?
a. Marchigiana
b. Saler (259)
c. Charolais
d. Chianina
44. In beef cattle, a muscle conformation score for feeder calves of 1 indicates:
a. An exceptionally thin calf (267)
b. Light muscled calf
c. Heavy muscled calf
d. Double muscled calf
45. Which of the following breeds of beef cattle has the heaviest birth weight for calves of either sex for performance testing?
a. Angus
b. Charolais (272)
c. Hereford
d. Limousin
46. If a steer produces a yield of 47.8% to 50% of carcass weight in boneless retail cuts, it has a yield grade of: (277)
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3 (277)
d. 4
47. The Beef Check-off of $1 per head for every head of bee sold in the United States was established by:
a. The Beef Promotion and Research Act of 1985 (372)
b. The Packers and Stockyard Act
c. The Beef Check-Off Referendum of 1992
d. National Livestock Marketing Association
48. Markets where cattle are sold by public bidding, with the animals going to the highest bidder, is:
a. Terminal market
b. Direct selling market
c. Electronic market
d. Auction market (374)
49. Cattle with a U.S. Quality Grade of Prime will have a marbling grade of:
a. Slight
b. Moderate
c. Slightly Abundant (381)
d. Moderately Abundant
50. In some cattle a condition in which the lean meat is darker than normal is called:
a. Black cutter
b. Low cutter
c. Choice
d. Dark cutting beef (382)
51. Which of the following states has the highest number of hogs and pigs?
a. Illinois
b. Nebraska
c. Missouri
d. North Carolina
52. In comparing breed performance for litter size in swine, which breed has the highest litter size ratio?
a. Hampshire
b. Landrace
c. Duroc
d. Chester White
53. Which purebred of swine can be traced back nearly 300 years?
a. Yorkshire
b. Berkshire
c. Hampshire
d. Tamworth
54. Which of the breeds listed does not have red as one of its standard colors?
a. Tamworth
b. Hereford
c. Duroc
d. Pietrain
55. Which breed of hog is black with a white belt that encircles the fore part of the body?
a. Hereford
b. Berkshire
c. Poland China
d. Hampshire
56. The four primal cuts of a hog carcass represent what percent of the total value of the animal?
a. 44%
b. 56%
c. 75%
d. 82%
57. Symbol III represents the ideal market hog of the future. One production characteristic of Symbol III is a live market weight of:
a. 210 pounds
b. 240 pounds
c. 270 pounds
d. 300 pounds
58. The Pork Promotion, Research and Consumer Information Act of 1985 established an assessment of per $100 value of pork sold in the United States.
a. 40¢
b. 60¢
c. 75¢
d. $1.00
59. The major objection of boar meat is the odor of the meat called boar taint. One compound causing boar taint is:
a. Skatole
b. Testosterone
c. Sulfamethazine
d. Progesterone
60. Approximately what percent of the market hogs sold in the United States are priced on the basis of carcass merit?
a. 30%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 90%
61. A barrow or gilt having a U.S. No. one grade will produce a chilled carcass yielding or more of the four lean cuts.
a. 44.6 percent
b. 52.4 percent
c. 58.2 percent
d. 60.4 percent
62. A barrow that grades a U.S. Number 2 and is thick muscled will have a back fat measurement of:
a. Less than 1.00 inch
b. 1.00 – 1.24 inches
c. 1.25 – 1.49 inches
d. 1.50 – 1.74 inches
63. What month of the year is the price of slaughter hogs the highest on average?
a. March
b. July
c. October
d. December
64. What is the unit of trading when marketing live hogs with a futures contract?
a. 20,000 pounds (around 90 head)
b. 30,000 pounds (around 140 head)
c. 40,000 pounds (around 180 head)
d. 50,000 pounds (around 230 head)
65. Which listed state has the highest number of sheep and lambs?
a. Arizona
b. Montana
c. Idaho
d. California
66. The Columbia breed of sheep is classified as:
a. Fine wool
b. Medium wool
c. Long wool
d. Crossbred wool
67. Which Medium Wool breed of sheep has a white face?
a. Dorset
b. Hampshire
c. Shropshire
d. Suffolk
68. Which Medium Wool breed was developed in the United States?
a. Dorset
b. Hampshire
c. Montadale
d. Southdown
69. ______is a term for the general build of a sheep.
a. Style
b. Quality
c. Type
d. Balance
70. Which breed of goat is primarily used for breeding meat goats?
a. Boer
b. Angora
c. Toggenburg
d. Pygmy
71. Sheep that are 7 to 12 months of age have the age classification of:
a. Hothouse lambs
b. Lambs
c. Yearlings
d. Muttons
72. Which live grade of sheep is used only on lambs and yearlings and NOT for slaughter lambs?
a. Prime
b. Choice
c. Good
d. Utility
73. The retail cut of lamb identified as American-Style Roast comes from the:
a. Leg
b. Loin
c. Rack
d. Shoulder
74. Lamb prices vary throughout the year and reach a high during which time?
a. December to February
b. March to May
c. June to August
d. September to November
75. Goat meat is marketed under the name:
a. Mutton
b. Venison
c. Veal
d. Chevon
76. Adapting the behavior of animals to fit the need of humans is called:
a. training
b. domestication
c. breeding
d. culling
77. Which species of livestock descended from two wild stocks known as “Sus scrofa” and “Sus vittatus”?
a. swine
b. sheep
c. goats
d. cattle
78. Most present-day sheep descended from the wild sheep called Moufflons and the:
a. Bos Indicus
b. Meleagris
c. Asiatic urial
d. Struthis camelus
79. Which species of livestock does NOT belong to the family Bovidae?
a. sheep
b. cattle
c. swine
d. goats
80. Which species of livestock is the most efficient into converting feed into energy and protein?
a. cattle
b. goats
c. sheep
d. swine
81. How many different drugs such as Insulin and Epinephrine used by humans for medical purposes are made from animal by-products?
a. more than 100
b. 70 to 80
c. 40 to 50
d. less than 25
82. Average beef consumption in the United States ranges from pounds per person per year.
a. 25 - 35
b. 40 - 50
c. 60 - 70
d. 85 - 95
83. According to USDA, the greatest expense in the production of livestock is:
a. contract and hired labor
b. livestock purchased
c. fuel and electricity
d. feed purchased
84. Which of the following states is in the Top 10 in the production of beef cattle, sheep, and swine?
a. Texas
b. Nebraska
c. California
d. Iowa
85. Joints in the skeleton of animals that allow free movement and have a fluid-filled cavity are called:
a. fibrous joints
b. diarthroses joints
c. amphiarthroses joints
d. cartilaginous joints
86. Much of the flesh referred to as meat in farm animals is composed of :
a. skeletal muscle
b. smooth muscle