Verbal Ability Is a Reflection of Language Development and Includes Language-Based Acquired

Verbal Ability Is a Reflection of Language Development and Includes Language-Based Acquired

Verbal ability is a reflection of language development and includes language-based acquired knowledge and the ability to communicate that knowledge. Shakyla's verbal ability is in the average range, equal to or greater than 49% of her peers, and comparable to the verbal ability of a child 8 years, 6 months of age.

Thinking ability includes long-term retrieval, visual-spatial thinking, auditory processing, and fluid reasoning. Long-term retrieval is the ability to store information and fluently retrieve it later in the process of thinking. Visual-spatial thinking is the ability to perceive, analyze, synthesize and think with visual patterns, including the ability to store and recall visual representations. Auditory processing is the ability to analyze, synthesize, and discriminate auditory stimuli, including the ability to process and discriminate speech sounds that may be prsented under distorted conditions. Fluid reasoning is the ability to reason, form concepts, and solve problems using unfamiliar information or novel procedures. Shakyla's thinking ability is in the average range, equal to or greater than 70% of her peers, and comparable to the thinking ability of a child 9 years, 6 months of age.

Cognitive efficiency is the capacity of the cognitive system to process information automatically and includes processing speed and short-term memory. Shakyla's cognitive efficiency is in the average range, equal to or greater than 36% of her peers, and comparable to the cognitive efficiency of a child 8 years, 0 months of age.

Shakyla's general intellectual ability is in the average range, equal to or greater than 49% of her peers, and comparable to the intellectual ability of a child 8 years, 6 months of age.

The remainder areas reported are narrow abilities included in the above performance clusters. Comprehension-knowledge is the breadth and depth of a person's acquired knowledge, the ability to communicate knowledge, especially verbally, and the ability to reason using previously learned experiences or procedures. Shakyla's comprehension-knowledge is in the average range, the 49th percentile, and at an age equivalency of 8 years, 6 months.

Long-term retrieval is the ability to store information and fluently retrieve it later in the process of thinking. Shakyla's long-term retrieval is in the average range, the 69th percentile, and comparable to the long-term retrieval skills of a child 9 years, 6 months of age.

Visual-spatial thinking is the ability to perceive, analyze, synthesize and think with visual patterns, including the ability to store and recall visual representations. Shakyla's visual-spatial thinking is in the average range, equal to or greater than 61% of her peers, and comparable to the visual-spatial thinking ability of a child 9 years, 4 months of age.

Auditory processing is the ability to analyze, synthesize, and discriminate auditory stimuli, including the ability to process and discriminate speech sounds that may be presented under distorted conditions. Shakyla's auditory processing ability is in the high average range, equal to or greater than 88% of her peers, and comparable to the auditory processing ability of a child 12 years, 4 months of age.

Fluid reasoning is the ability to reason, form concepts, and solve problems using unfamiliar information or novel procedures. It is a complex mixture of many mental operations, such as identifying relations, drawing inferences, recognizing and forming concepts, identifying conjunctions and recognizing disjunctions. Inductive and deductive reasoning are a part of fluid reasoning. Shakyla's fluid reasoning ability is in the average range, equal to or greater than 49% of her peers, and comparable to the fluid reasoning ability of a child 8 years, 6 months of age.

Processing speed is the ability to perform automatic cognitive tasks, particularly when measured under pressure to maintain focused attention. It is an aspect of cognitive efficiency. Shakyla's processing speed is in the average range, the 39th percentile, and at an age equivalency of 8 years, 0 months.

Short-term memory is an aspect of cognitive efficiency and is the ability to apprehend and hold information in immediate awareness and then use it within a few seconds. It is most closely identified with memory span. Once an individual uses what is being retained in immediate awareness to perform a new task, the information held is subsequently either stored or lost. Shakyla's short-term memory is in the average range, equal to or greater than 49% of her peers, and at an age equivalency of 8 years, 5 months.

Phonemic awareness is a measure of knowledge and skills in analyzing and synthesizing speech sounds. Shakyla's phonemic awareness is in the average range, the 29th percentile, and at an age equivalency of 7 years, 2 months.

Working memory is the ability to hold information in short-term memory while performing some operation on it or manipulating that information. Shakyla's working memory ability is in the average range, the 44th percentile, and comparable to the working memory of a child 8 years, 2 months of age.

Broad attention is a global measure of attention and includes focused or selective attention (the ability to focus attention when distracting or competing stimuli are present), sustained attention (the ability to stay focused on a task for continuous period of time), divided attention (the capacity to shift attentional focus back and forth from one aspect of a task or situation to another), and attentional capacity (capacity for holding information while performing some action on the information). Shakyla's broad attention is in the average range, the 43rd percentile, and comparable to the broad attention of a child 8 years, 2 months of age.

Cognitive fluency measures the ease and speed of cognitive task performance and includes the rate of direct recall from the knowledge stores, the rate of conceptual processing and the rate of retrieval of information. Shakyla's cognitive fluency is in the average range, equal to or greater than 39% of her peers, and comparable to the cognitive fluency of a child 8 years, 0 months of age.

Executive processes measures mental control and forethought regarding problem solving and includes planning, interference control and mental flexibility. Shakyla's executive processes are in the average range, equal to or greater than 30% of her peers, and comparable to the executive processes of a child 7 years, 8 months of age.